IIIF Collection (v2.*)
IIIF v2 Manifest
IIIF Collection (v3.*)
IIIF v3 Manifest
This is the core buda ontology comprising classes, and properties with domains and ranges
Buda core ontology
Agent
an entity that performs actions, e.g., creating works, teaching other agents, founding artificial places and so on
agent as creator
:AgentAsCreator has :role that is restricted to instances of :Creator (rdfs:subClassOf :Role)
An agent as creator establishes a given Agent performing some cretation rolw w.r.t. a Work
agent
:AgentInRole represents some :Agent performing an action in a particular :Role in a context represented by the subject and property that refer to the :AgenInRole
property linking an entity or event to the agents and roles they play
Agents
2
The various sorts of agents represented in the ontology, such as Persons, Organizations and so on
Ahistorical agent
An ahistorical agent may be a deity or other non-human agent that is said to exist outside of human history
any organization
true
deprecated in favor of setting the range of :agent to :Agents
Any sort of organization
Authored
The event of authoring a work
BiblioEntity
Was Work, changed to align with Bibframe 2.0
The :BiblioEntity Class models the descriptive metadata about a "book" in the BUDAverse.
Bibliographic Title
This is the main title of a work, the title by which it is the most often known. If a work has only one title, it must be of type Bibliographic Title. There must be only one bibliographical title per work.
Title by which a Work is identified for cataloging purposes. There are three usages: (1) Title that is the main title of a Work based on Cover Title, Title Page Title. Spine Title, Colophon Title; (2) Title that is a known or popular abbreviation of the main title of a Work; (3) Title that is a collective convention used to collocate publications of an author that contains several Works (ex: gsung ‘bum)
The main title of a work, the title by which it is the most often known.
bundle instance
An instance that is a bundle of unrelated instances that were not designed to be in the same package.
Work carved
The event of carving a work (in woodblocks, stone, etc.)
Catalog
true
remove, not needed
A catalog such as the Tohoku or the FEMC Volumes I, II, or III
Chinese date type
2
The class of DILA Chinese date individuals
Collection institution
2
An Insitution containing a collection of works such as "Bibliothèque EFEO - Preah Vanarât Ken Vong", "Fragile Palm Leaves Foundation" or "National Library of Mongolia"
Colophon Title
Title given in the colophon of a Work or text. Include when the title differs from the th full title or title page title
Title given in the colophon of a Work or text
compiled
The event of compiling / editing a work (mostly collections)
completed
The event of completing a work
Content Location
was :WorkLocation
Parent facet of Work locations by page and folio. The XSD defn is located in common.xsd but is move to Work in the new ontology since that is a more appropriate location
The following explains the intent of splitting an Outline into chunks when outlining very large works. This is why there is a <o:location/> element spec'd in the outline.xsd; however, this feature has not been used in this manner but rather as a redundant marker of which work is being outlined. In the case that the Outline is the detail of a particular Text then the location typically will specify the Work and Volume (relative to 1) that contains the Outlined Text. Thus Locations on the sub-structure need only mention page, line and phrase
The ContentLocation describes the Instance, Volume, Page and so on at which something of interest occurs, e.g., the beginning or end of a Work that is contained in another Work; or a reference to the source of a Lineage
copied
An event of copying a work by some means such as manual enscribing, photocopying, etc.
Copyright page Title
http://cip.loc.gov/cipman/
https://www.loc.gov/publish/cip/news/lccn_art.html
The Copyright Page Title is found on the Cataloging in Publication (CIP) when present. The CIP is typically on the verso of the Title Page in Western publications and often at the end for Chinese pubications. The title should be entered in the language and script as it appears in the original publication - which for Chinese publications is typically zh-hans. The Library of COngress standard for the Title in the CIP is that it includes the title and any subtitle from the title page so for Western materials this data element is redundant with the full :WorkTitlePageTitle and can be ignored for cataloging. For Chinese materials, especially Tibetan publications, the CIP title is typically distinct from that which appears on the Title Page and hence this data can be helpful in distinguishing the Work from others.
In general include the use Copyright Page Title when it differs from the bibliographical title.
use for the title on the copyright page when it differs from the bibliographical title.
Title appearing on the copyright page of a Work, if present.
a union of core ontology classes
core union
2
Corporation
The Names of individual Corporations are represented by rdfs:label
Corporation defines important social institutions. For instance in Tibet those that (1) owned land and (2) had members. Examples include families and monastic institutions
Corporation member
Describes a member of the subject Corporation by indicating the :Person that is a member and the :CorporationMemberType of the :Person:
bdr:Czzzz a :Corporation ;
:corporationHasMember
[ a :CorporationMemberByBlood ;
:corporationMember bdr:Pyyyyy ] ,
[ a CorporationMemberByMarriage ;
:corporationMember bdr:Pxxxxx ] .
A member of an organization based on some attributes of the
Member by blood
A member of an organization by kinship
Member by marriage
A member of an organization by marriage
Monastic member
An member of a monastic organization
member (unspecified type)
An otherwise unspecified member of an organization
Cover Title
Title printed on the cover of a Work or text as issued
Date type
2
The type of various sorts of date individuals such as DILA's Chinese date individuals - see subclass bdo:ChineseDateType
Digital instance
Work Edited
true
deprecated in favor of :CompiledEvent
An event of editing a :Work
enscribed
An event of preparing a written manuscript of a Work
class of various resources that may have :Note attached
entity or facet
2
Entity
2
Entities are the principle types or concepts in the BDRC ontology. Individuals of type subclass of :Entity will correspond to distinct individuals in the domain of discourse of BDRC, such as Persons, Places, and Works.
eText
true
The :Etext :Entity represents a searchable Unicode text file ("eText"). In BUDA, eTexts are comprised of a base layer + at least one archival annotation layer, plus other annotation layers for different uses. The base layer is a raw Unicode text file. The base layer contains Unicode text and line breaks that form a coordinate system. The coordinate system includes a sequence number, position of start character and end character. The coordinate system is defined in the archival annotation layer.
The RDF representation of :Etext is derived from the base layer, a graph definining the coordinate system :EtextNonPaginated or :EtextPaginate, and a graph for the :ItemEtext that references the volume of the :ItemEtext.
There will also be information such as a URI to the original source file, if applicable. For Tibetan, these typically are Sambhota Word or Tibet Doc files.
The reference to the containing :ItemEtext is a URI formed by appending the volume index to the :ItemEtext URI, like:
:eTextInVolume bdr:I1KG443_003/volume/3
This URI refers to a volume blank node contained in the referenced Item.
Search chunks in the :Etext are derived from the original Unicode eText stream by breaking the stream at such locations to minimize the likelihood that the likely search terms will be broken across chunk boundaries. In Tibetan this is achieved by breaking the stream after the nearest shad codepoint following something like 300 tsegs. This assumes that most searches will not extend beyond a phrase boundary delimited by a shad (note there are actually a family of codepoints that count as shad in the Tibetan Unicode plane).
Each chunk is a blank node containing the chunk id - which is a virtual id serving only to order the sequence of contents to reassemble the original eText content, like:
[ a EtextChunk ;
:eTextChunk 3 ;
:chunkContents ". . . the text contained in chunk 3 . . ." ]
If the chunk is from an OCR'd text, then there is additional information indicating the starting chunk and character, and ending chunk and character for each page in the :ItemImageAsset from which the OCR'd material was derived. For example,
[ a EtextPage ; :slice 46 ;
:sliceStartChunk 43 ;
:sliceStartChar 17 ;
:sliceEndChunk 44 ;
:sliceEndChar 138 ]
The character counts are in terms of Unicode codepoints in whatever representation is used, typically, UTF-8.
eText chunk
A unit of searchable etext
eText instance
:ItemEtext represent the :Etext items in the archive (i.e the actual digital files).
There are two subclasses of :ItemEtext. (1) :ItemEtextNonPaginated and (2) :ItemEtextPaginated. These are characterized by the presence or lack of pagination information maintained in the :ItemEtext. OCR is considered ItemEtextPaginated and manual input saved in RTF format considered :ItemEtextNonPaginated. These are distinguished because there are different stuctural characteristics in the :ItemEtext.
An :ItemEtext typically will represent an entire published Work. There won't be an Etext item for each :Volume within the Work. This is because we generally want to track the entire published Work as a single entity and will use the Work :partOf Work statements along with additional statements to link an individual Etext back to a Work part.
Was ItemEtext, changed to align with Bibframe 2.0
An Instance consisting of some form of searchable text
An indication of correpondance with a line of text of a physical/image asset. Lines are counted from 1.
line
indicates a line of text in a corresponding digitized image of a Work
Non Paginated Etext
An etext without any associated pagination information corresponding to digitized images of a Work
page
An indication of correspondence with a page of a physical/image page.
Paginated Etext
An etext with associated pagination information corresponding to digitized images of a Work
etext
Used as a reference from a :VolumeEtextAsset to a particular :Etext, via :eTextResource, and indicating the position, :seqNum, of the :Etext in the volume.
links an etext volume to its various etexts (often 1)
slice
2
A slice of text is a character range, used to identify portions of an Etext for any purpose: correspondence with original pages, lines, etc.
Event
Class of all the various event classes in the ontology: PersonEvent, PlaceEvent, LineageReceived, etc
The class of the various sorts of events: Persons, Places, Works, and Lineages
Event or DateIndication
true
deprecated as a bad idea. not used
domain of various date properties
Facet
2
:Facets are essentially n-ary relations that apply to one or more Resources. Facets are compound features or properties of Resources.
Full Title
Title on the first page of the text of the Tibetan traditional Pecha format.
Often the Title Page Title for a publication of a reproduction that includes prefatory material distinct from the main Tibetan content is different from the Tibetan title that appears on the first page of the content. See for instance, bdr:W22505
Title on the first page of the text of the Tibetan traditional Pecha format.
General note
A general note contains non-specific information about some resource
Half Title
Title of a publication appearing on a page or folio preceding the title page. Include when present as a distinguishing item of information. The half title page may be missing from later reproductions of a work, Typically the half title is the main title w/o additional subtitling.
Title of a publication appearing on a page or folio preceding the title page.
iiif v2 or v3 collection
2
iiif v2 or v3 manifest
2
IIIF Collection
2
can be v2.1.* or v3.0.*
IIIF Manifest
2
can be v2.1.* or v3.0.*
iiif union
2
a union of iiif classes
https://www.isbn-international.org/sites/default/files/ISBN%20Manual%202012%20-corr.pdf
ISBN
^(97(8|9))?\d{9}(\d|X)$
The regex is does not take into account opitional blank, ' ', or dash, '-', chars separating the various groups. Also there is no spec for calculating the check digit
2
International Standard Book Number
Image Group
Each :ImageGroup represents a group of images. Most of the time these would correspond to volumes / bundles.
Alternatively, a :ImageGroup may have an :hasManifest property that identifies an :IIIFManifest resource. This will typically occur when the images associated with the :ImageGroup are served from a third-party IIIF server.
Represents a scanned or otherwise digitized set of page images.
Image item
A digitized set of pages, one per page (folio side), produced by document scanning, digital photography. The resulting set of assets in :ItemImageAsset are images in a wide variety of archival and derivative formats.
An item comprised of digitized images of the pages of a Work
Incipit Title
the title as given, inline, at the beginning of the text
instance
true
Was PublishedWork, changed to align with Bibframe 2.0
Was Work, changed to align with Bibframe 2.0
An expression of a work, for instance a particular published form.
Instance Event
An event associated with the production of an :Instance. Event information is gathered from colophons and publication data presented in the publishede form of texts
An event associated with the production of an Instance.
Item
true
:Item captures the structural and administrative metadata associated with a digital or physical asset. While this ontology is primarily concerned with digital assets of texts, :Item could easily be extended to other types of digital assets such as audio and video; as well as physical assets, such as the physical holdings of libraries.
An Item captures structural and administrative metadata associated with a digital or physical asset
Non Paginated Etext Item
An eText created by manual inputting. Input etexts are prepared manually and used to typeset printed versions of texts in the case of many contemporary Tibetan publications. :ItemEtextNonPaginated eTexts generally do not provide alignment with digitized pages.
:ItemEtextNonPaginated generally only have a known relationship to a Work but there is generally not a known page correspondence to the :Item. In some cases, there is no known correspondence to the physical volume structure of the :Work. It may be possible to derive this information later.
2
An etext that does not include correspondence to any digitized images of the Work
Paginated Etext Item
An eText created via OCR or manual input where pagination has been maintained in the eText of a set of digitized page images.
Paginated etexts are searchable Unicode documents that correspond to image assets in BUDA. Paginated etexts are primarily used as searchable metadata that can help to identify digitized images of interest. These texts should not be expected to be error-free but rather treated as hints providing access to the image archive. :ItemEtextPaginated have known pagination correspondence to an :ItemImageAsset from which they are derived.
In some cases, such as texts from the Asian Classics Input Project (ACIP), pagination information is maintained in the :ItemEtextPaginated, even though there might not be a known correspondence to the image asset.
2
An etext with pagination corresponding to digitized images of the Work
Item microfilm asset
An :ItemMicrofilmAsset describes the physical microfilm from which the associated Instance was digitized.
Physical item
A ItemPhysicalAsset refers to the library Place which has one or more physical copies of the catalogued Work and shows the number of copies that are held at the library. The :itemShelf is the Library's shelving information concerning the location in the library of the physical copies. The exception is an optional note regarding missing volumes in a copy or other information such as may be useful to qualify the status of one or more copies.
Examples:
bdr:W1TLMTGA000883 a :Work ;
:workHasItem bdr:IW1TLMTGA000883_01, bdr:IW1TLMTGA000883_02 .
bdr:IW1TLMTGA000883_01 a :ItemPhysicalAsset ;
:itemLibrary bdr:G1TLMTGA000001 ;
:itemCopies 1 ;
:itemShelf "ཇ|ཇ|༣||001278" .
bdr:IW1TLMTGA000883_02 a :ItemPhysicalAsset ;
:itemLibrary bdr:G1TLMTGB000001 ;
:itemCopies 1 ;
:itemShelf "ག|༦|||000026" .
bdr:W20907 a :Work ;
:workHasItem bdr:IW20907_02 .
bdr:IW20907_02 a :ItemPhysicalAsset ;
:itemLibrary bdr:G1TLMTGA000001 ;
:itemCopies 1 ;
:itemShelf "ཉ|༣|||000567" .
bdr:W1KG20928 a :Work ;
:workHasItem bdr:IW1KG20928_02 .
bdr:IW1KG20928_02 a :ItemPhysicalAsset ;
:itemLibrary bdr:G1TLMTGA000001 ;
:itemCopies 1 ;
:itemShelf "ཉ|༣|||001811" ;
:itemException "དེབ་གཅིག་ཕྱི་ལ་གཡར་ནས་མ་འབྱོར"@bo .
A item comprised of a physical volume or volumes.
LCCN
[[a-z]|[[a-z][a-z]|dd]|[a-z][[a-z][a-z]|dd]|[a-z][a-z]dd]dddddddd
2
Library of Congress Control Number
LCCallNum
2
Library of Congress Call Number
Label
Lineage
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1004844115222?LI=true
Lineages represent information about how a particular text or group of texts or perhaps purely oral transmission has been passed from one individual to another. The Tibetan genres, gsan yig and thob yig.
Lineage transmissions capture the relationship between lineage holders, sets of texts and the places and dates where/when the lineage was transferred from one holder to another.
Example:
bdr:L8LS15684 a :Lineage ; :status bdr:StatusReleased ;
rdfs:label "mngon rtogs rgyan gyi 'grel pa don gsal gyi brgyud pa/"@bo-x-ewts ;
:lineageType bdr:LineageLung ;
:lineageObject bdr:W21662 ;
:lineageObject bdr:T36 ;
:lineageLocation [ a :ContentLocation ;
:contentLocationPage "131" ;
:contentLocationVolume "1" ;
:contentLocationWork bdr:W1KG16278 ]
:lineageHolder [ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:T10MS11142 ]
:lineageHolder [ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:T681 ;
:lineageReceived [ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:T10MS11142 ]
]
:lineageHolder [ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:P6117 ;
:lineageReceived [ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:T681 ]
]
Names are represented by rdfs:label
A (transmission) lineage is a collectiomn of sequences of lineage holders passing a lineage through time
Event
Each :LineageReceived describes another :LineageHolder from whom the current :LineageHolder received the :Lineage transmission. Typically there is a unique :LineageHolder from whom the :Lineage is received but two or more are possible.
For example,
bdr:Lwwww a :Lineage ;
:lineageHolder
[ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:Paaaa ;
:lineageReceived
[ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:Pbbbb ;
:lineageSite bdr:Gdddd ;
:onOrAbout "134u" ] ;
:lineageWork bdr:Wcccc ]
An event associated with the transmission of a lineage, such as giving/receiving an empowerment or oral transmission, and so on
lineage holder
A :LineageHolder describes a :Person or other :Entity (i.e., a deity or mythical being) that was/is considered to be the authoritative transmitter of a :Lineage.
Usually the holder received the :Lineage from some other entity but there is a "first" holder who counts as the original holder of the :Lineage.
A holder may create/author one or more Works concerning the Lineage and these are included with the holder as well as the, usually unique, prior holder of the lineage who transmitted it on to the current holder.
The :LineageReceived records the entity from whom the :Lineage was received, as well as the :Place where the :Lineage was transmitted to the current holder and the circa of the transmission if known.
For example,
bdr:Lwwww a :Lineage ;
:lineageHolder
[ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:Paaaa ;
:lineageReceived
[ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:Pbbbb ;
:lineageSite bdr:Gdddd ;
:onOrAbout 134u ] ;
:lineageWork bdr:Wcccc ]
A lineage holder is a Person that is considered to be an authoritative conveyer of a transmission lineage
a union of core and adm classes
mixed union
2
no colophon
Used to indicated that a Work has no colophon vs a Work for which the colophon has not been recorded in the metadata.
2
Indicates that a Work has no colophon
Note
A comment about the subject resource, possibly with a source Work and a location in the Work
print type
ObjectType describes how the witness came to be. For example, it could have been written by the author, an Autograph; it could have been printed from wood blocks, a BlockPrint; it could have been OCR'd from some other witness; and so on.
2
Print type indicates the form of the Work such as blockprint, palm-leaf, manuscript, and so on
organization
An :Organization is a collection of agents that may be considered act in concert as a single agent, e.g., the kashag or the dzogchen protectors taken together: Ekazati, Rahulla, and Dorje Drollo
An administrative organization is one that is not a subject of the domain of discourse. For example, the British Library's Endangered Archives Programme (EAP) is an administrative organization and the sde dge par khang can be considered an :Organization since it is an entity within the domain of Asian Buddhism.
An organization is a collection of agents organized as a single entity such as a monastery, governing body, and so on
originated
The event of origin of a work
Other Title
when a work is known by different titles, the main one is recorded by :WorkBibliographicalTitle and the others with :WorkOtherTitle. This should mainly be used with abstract works.
Title that a work is known by other than one of the defined title types
Person
A Person resource tracks biographical metadata such as kinship relations, birth and death dates, administrative offices and seats held, important events and known name variants. Instances of Person resources are not created for a-historical or quasi-historical personages, including legendary and mythical figures. Deities are defined as Topics.
names are represented via bdo:PersonName
A Person resource tracks biographical metadata such as names/titles, kinship relations, birth and death events, and so on
Affiliation
Event indicating the Person becoming affiliated with a lineage or organization
Assumes office
Event indicating a Person assuming an office such as Professor, Postmaster or General
Assumes seat
Event indicating a Person assuming a seat such as Secretary to the Kashag
Birth
Birth Event for a Person
Bodhisattva vow name
The name received by the Person upon taking their Bodhisattva vows
Chinese Name
true
The Person's name as generally known in Chinese traditions
Common Name
The name by which a Person is commonly known
Organization Position Name
Name by which a Person is known by virtue of their position within an Organization
Death
Death Event for a Person
Divorce
Event occurring upon a divorce of the Person
Person Event
A Person Event describes place, date and other relevant information related to some significant event such as ordination, marriage, birth, death and so on.
The type of event is represented as a subclass of :PersonEvent
An Event associated with the Person such as birth, death, ordination, and so on
Unspecified Event
An otherwise unspecified type of Person Event
Family Name
The name of a Person's family. Surname
Final Ordination
The Event of a Person receiving their final ordination
Final Ordination Name
The name given to a Person upon their receiving final ordination
First Ordination Name
The name given to a Person upon their receiving first ordination
Founds Monastery
true
this Person event is deprecated in favor of modeling via PlaceEvent
The Event of a Person founding a Monastery
Discovers Terma
The Event of a Person discovering a terma
Terton Title
The title bestowed upon a Person who has discovered a terma
In Residence
The Event of a Person establishing residence in a Place such as a Monastery, Cave, and so on
Leaves Office
The Event of a Person leaving an Office
Leaves Seat
The Event of a Person leaving a Seat
Marriage
The Event of a Person becoming married to another Person
person name
:PersonName is one or many authority names of :Person. :PersonName is represented by an rdfs:label and a subclass of :PersonName (which signifies the type of person name). For example:
bdr:P1583 a :Person ;
:personName
[ a bdr:PersonPrimaryName ;
rdfs:label "dri med 'od zer"@bo-x-ewts ] .
A Person Name is one of the names a Person is historically known by
domain of :restored and :restoredAlt that are used for name and title variants restored from corrupt textual content
person name or title of a bibliographic entity
2
Occupies Seat
The Event of a Person occupying a Seat
Office Title
The Title of a Person occupying a given office
deprecated in favor of :Agent
Union class of Persons and Corporations. Used when a specific :Person or a :Corporation may be the object of a property, e.g., :eventWho on a :WorkPublished event
person or coporation
true
2
domain of :DDBCAId which is used to record ids of Dharma Drum authority resources
person or place
2
deprecated in favor of :SingleAgent. The domains of the affected properties will be adjusted to :SingleAgent
Used as the domain for several properties that may refer to either a :Person or an ahistorical agent represented as a :Topic
person or topic
true
Other Name
an otherwise unspecified type of person name
Pen Name
name used by the author in the colophons of his works
Personal Name
The name a Person is known by, typically at birth, independent of offices, seats, and so on
Primary Name
what is the difference with :PersonCommonName
The primary name by which a Person is known
Primary Title
The primary or common title by which a Person is known.
rab byung
Preliminary Ordination
A preliminary to monastic ordination, when someone takes the five root vows
reversed name
Reverses 'firstname lastname' to 'lastname, firstname'
Secret Initiatory Name
A name bestowed on Person upon receiving certain empowerments
other title
an otherwise unspecified type of person title
Tulku Title
A title bestowed on a Person who is recognized as a reincarnation of a distinguished Person
variant orthography
An accepted variant writing of a name
Physical instance
A published or one-off (manuscript, etc.) instance of an (abstract) Work
A physical instance of an (abstract) Work
Place
Places are geographic entities such as: monasteries, villages, counties, provinces, rivers, caves and so on. Places are modeled in terms of subclasses that indicate the type of "real world" place that is referred to
Names are represented by rdfs:label.
Places are geographic entities such as: monasteries, villages, counties, rivers, caves and so on
abandonded
event type describing when a place was abandonded
converted
event type describing when a place was converted from one tradition to another, e.g., from Nyingma to Gelugpa
destroyed
event type describing when a place was destroyed
Place Event
An event of some type that occurred at the subject Place around some date, involving some Persons and other entities: founding, destruction etc.
not specified
indicates a Place Event of unknown type!?
founded
event type describing when a place was founded
rebuilt
event type describing when a place was rebuilt
Printed
An event of printing a work
Provenance note
note indicating the provenance of an information
Published
An event describing the publication of a work
Reference Title
2
for use with abstract works such as from the SEA project that have many different expressions with the same putative title
requested
An event describing the request for a work
revealed
An event describing the discovery of a work (for terma revelations)
revised
An event describing the revision of a work
Role
Roles include offices held as well as other positions. Roles was formerly called Office in the tbrc.org XML schema. Roles is prefered as a more commonly used concept in libraries.
Names are represented by rdfs:label
Roles include offices held as well as other positions.
Running Title
Marginal title
Title as it appears in the margins or page headers of a Work
Title indicated in the margins or page headers of a Work.
Second revised event
An event describing the second revision of a work
Second translated event
An event describing the second translation of a work
Series Member instance
Was SerialWork, changed to align with Bibframe 2.0
An instance of a SeriesMember.
Series Member
The (abstract) :SeriesNumber resource contains the Work metadata associated with a number of a :SerialWork
The Work metadata about a member of a :SerialWork
Serial Work
Was SerialWork now split into an (abstract) Work Class and an Instance Class, changed to align with Bibframe 2.0
An (abstreact) Work representing a series of volumes/numbers published over time
single agent
single agents include ahistorical and historical (human) agents
singleton instance
An instance that has only one copy (ex: a manuscript, an art work, etc.). A singleton instance may have reproductions
Spine Title
use for titles indicated on the spine of a book when it differs from the bibliographical title.
title indicated on the spine of a book
Subtitle
Title that is explanatory. Typically following the main Title Page Title or Cover Title
Title that is explanatory. Typically following the main Title Page Title or Cover Title
:TextualEntity is a subclass of :Work, or :Item or :Etext that is constructed so that the adm:license range can be applied across
textual entity
2
Third revised event
An event describing the third revision of a work
Third translated event
An event describing the third translation of a work
Title
A title for the Work including the title text and title type: full, sub, etc:
bdr:W22083 a :Work ;
:workHasTitle [ a :WorkBibliographicalTitle ;
rdfs:label "bka' 'gyur (stog pho brang bris ma/)"@bo-x-ewts ] ,
[ a :WorkOtherTitle ;
rdfs:label "la dwags tog mu mkhar bzhugs pa'i bod yig bka' 'gyur bris ma/"@bo-x-ewts ] ,
[ a :WorkTitlePageTitle ;
rdfs:label "the tog palace manuscript of the tibetan kanjur"@en ] .
A title by which is known or referenced.
Title page title
(1) Title that appears on the title page of a Work; (2) Title of an Individual Work or text that is part of a larger containing Work. Should be included when available. May also be used as the Bibliographic title when no other title is available.
Title that appears on the title page of a Work
Title portion
A Title that is abbreviated, condensed, divided from the main title
Title that is abbreviated, condensed, divided from the main title
Table of Contents Title
Use this type for titles in table of contents when they differ from the bibliographical title.
A title for a work as it occurs in the table of contents for a Work.
Topic
Names are represented by rdfs:label
Subjects and genres of works, just as in a traditional library catalog
Translated
An event of work translation.
Revision of a translation
true
Event describing a revision of a Work
Type
Types are used to indicate features names, titles, events and so on.
An owl:subClassOf :Type, e.g., :KinType, will have some set of individuals that represent the various types, e.g., bdr:KinUncle, bdr:KinYoungerSister, etc.
The set of such individuals may be further organized via :Taxonomy but need not be.
2
Types are used to indicate features names, titles, events and so on.
Unicode work (etext)
true
replace with EtextInstance
2
Indicates a searchable etext Work versus digitized page images.
Unspecified work class
true
not used, not needed
This is the class of migrated works for which no work type was indicated. Needs repair after migration
2
Works for which no work type was indicated
Virtual work
Virtual works are works made by assembling different other works. Examples: collections, manuscripts reconstituted from fragments in different collections, etc. The hierarchy of works displayed in an embedded reader is also a virtual work.
Virtual works are works made by assembling different other works.
Volume
There are subclasses of Volume corresponding to the different types of holding: physical, digitized images, and unicode etexts.
Each :Volume corresponds to a volume an associated :Work. A :Volume may have a :onDisk property present when the Volume has been digitized and deposited in the online archive.
A volume is a self-contained set of pages/folia.
Etext Volume
This serves as a blank node that represents an actual volume corresponding to a volume of a printed/pubished Work OR a virtual volume of all of the eTexts contained in a printed/published Work.
The ambiguity arises because in some cases we do not have know the actual volume or volume order of a collection of input eTexts that have been provided for preservation.
An example is the Guru Lama collection of Sakyapa eTexts. These were all input and used to prepare printed pechas that were distributed but when the files were supplied the correspondence of files to volumes and the order of the files in volumes was not provided. Therefor we have simply represented each Work as a single virtual volume with a collection of files in some order. Later it should be possible to analyze these particular Works to establish the volume and order within volume of the various eTexts by examining the titles and so on.
There is no distinction between OCR'd and input volumes.
A searchable etext volume versus a physical or digitized pzges images.
Physical Volume
2
Physical assets are indicated for libraries that are representing their assets as physical items.
work
true
Was AbstarctWork, changed to align with Bibframe 2.0
An abstract or conceptual work is the idea of a work, as opposed to an expression or manifestation which is a specific edition or witness.
collection
Was AbstarctWork, changed to align with Bibframe 2.0
A work that is made of a collection of other works (ex: gsung bum, canonical collection, etc.).
Table of Contents Title
true
retired in favor a the more neutral WorkToCTitle
Work Event
An event associated with the creation of a :Work. Event information is gathered from colophons and publication data presented in the publishede form of texts
An event associated with the creation of a Work.
abbreviation of
indicates that this label is a shortened. abbreviated form of the object label
agent
identifies the agent participating in an :AgentInRole
applied material
Indicates the material applied on a work (ink, golden leaf, etc.)
authorship statement
Authorship statement for the Instance.
base material
Indicates the base material of a work (paper, palm leaf, etc.)
bibliographic note
A note regarding a bibliographic feature of the Instance
bibliographic status statement
A bibliographic status statement in the language of the Instance
binding
Describes the type of binding of a work (loose leaves, bound by glue, etc.)
summary
Summary information about the Instance
contents
2
colophon
This was the description of type colophon which was used primarily (exclusively?) on <outline:node/>s. It is now part of the extended bibliographic model allowing to tag any sort of Work with a colophon
A transcription of the colophon of the Instance.
location
the :contentLocation may be used with other domains and these will be added in an owl:unionOf as they are added. One such is expected to be :Note
was :workLocation
This is the location of the source information for this :Lineage in a specified gsan / thob yig.
location by folio
was :workLocationByFolio
2
If true then the location is specified in terms of folio # and side: verso/recto
end line
was :workLocationEndLine
The ending line on the ending page that is referenced
end image number
was :workLocationEndPage
The ending image number in the image group of the Work indicated by the other statements for this :ContentLocation
end phrase
This should be a positive integer counting from the left side of the page tshegs and shads to the phrase (syllable) that is to be indicated by the location. This is optional and only makes sense if there is a :workLocationEndLine specified as well.
was :workLocationEndPhrase
2
A count of the ending phrase (in language specific units) of a Work location
end side
If :contentLocationByFolio true then end side should be either "recto" or "verso" but will likely need to be normalized since there has not been validation in the editor of this field. Most locations are specified in terms of pages.
was :workLocationEndSide
2
Indicates the ending side of the folio in a folio-based location.
end volume
true
this should be a positive integer indicating the ending volume (if different from the starting volume) of the Work referenced in this Location
was :workLocationEndVolume
Indicates the ending volume number of a Content location.
location ending volume name
true
was :workLocationEndVolumeName
2
Indicates the ending volume name of a Work location.
in instance
was :workLocationWork
Indicates the Instance that the ContentLocation refers to.
line
was :workLocationLine
The line on the page that is referenced
image number
was :workLocationPage
The image number in the image group of the Instance indicated by the other statements for this :ContentLocation
phrase
This should be a positive integer counting from the left side of the page tshegs and shads to the phrase (syllable) that is to be indicated by the location. This is optional and only makes sense if there is a :workLocationLine specified as well.
was :workLocationPhrase
2
A count of the starting phrase (in language specific units) of a Work location.
location sequence number
in the typical case when an instance is completely contained in a single volume then the only location will have seqnum 1; otherwise, there may be 2 or more additional locations specifying where the parts of a work occur
was :workLocationSeqNum
2
sequence number of the work location in a list of locations
side
If :contentLocationByFolio true then side should be either "recto" or "verso" but will likely need to be normalized since there has not been validation in the editor of this field. Most locations are specified in terms of pages.
was :workLocationSide
2
Starting side of the folio in a folio-based location.
location statement
A statement of the location of this Instance in a containing Instance or of the pagination present in the text versus the formal location in terms of page images.
location statement (in the Chinese Buddhist Canon)
Use this to indicate a location in the Chinese Buddhist Canon using the usual reference system. For instance:
T52n2103_p0264c18
means:
Taisho, Volume 52, Text 2103, page 264, register c, line 18
(line counting start at 1 and goes from right to left)
Indicates a location in the Chinese Buddhist Canon.
volume
was :workLocationVolume
this should be a positive integer indicating the volume of the Work referenced in this Location
location volume name
was :workLocationVolumeName
2
refers to the volume by name, e.g., ca, ta, nga
content method
was :workObjectType
2
the method for creating the content
pagination
was :workPagination
2
Indicates whether the pagination is absolute across all pages of a Work or relative to the contents of a part of the Work.
conversion of
This label is a conversion of the object label from one orthographic form to another in the same language, e.g., Khmer
has member
Indicates an Entity that is a member of the corporation
person
2
Indicates a Person that is a member of the corporation
type
2
The original corporation.xsd includes several attributes on <region/>: @start, @startCirca, @end, @endCirca that are not used except in one case
for @start, C71, and a different instance, C13, for @endCirca. The uses are not correct and these attributes have not been included in the current model.
Thus crp:region maps crp:Corporation directly to plc:Place without any additional chaff
region
2
This property records a Place characterizing the region in which the Corporation occured/occurs.
correction of
This label is a (spelling) correction of the object label
has creator
Associates a Work with an Agent and a Creator Role that participated in the creation of the Work
amanuensis
筆受
true
A person who writes down a translation in Chinese, in a capacity something like a scribe.
artist
true
An artist who provided illustrations and or other non-textual content such as tables, graphs, and the like
attributed author
true
A creator identified by a separate source as an author of the Work
bard
true
for a Work of verse a poet who composed the verse
calligrapher
true
For a handwritten Work an individual that drew the text or carved it on woord blocks
commentator
true
A person that provided a commentary included in a Work. Used when a Work conventionally comprises root texts and one or more commentaries.
compiler
true
a person who assembles a text out of pre-existing smaller texts or portions, such that the larger text has the nature of a compilation, anthology, chrestomathy etc. Cf., W1KG4337:
Liturgical texts including supplication and recitations for liberating beings from the bardo states. Editor:
a ti bstan pa'i rgyal mtshan, rdzogs chen 03 (P7404)
A person who assembles a text out of pre-existing smaller texts or portions
contributing author
true
An individual that author one or more parts of a Work. Used in situations where the Work has a few contributors that are singled out as properties of the Work or when only partial authorship is known, cf. W23280
An individual that author one or more parts of a Work.
editor
true
deprecated in favor of bdo:Compiler
forger
偽作
true
a person who produces a text, but then knowingly presents it as the end result of some other process of composition--usually, as a translation from an Indic language, and sometimes under the pretense that it was "translated" by a person other than the forger (i.e. with a false ascription attached).
A person who produces a text, but then knowingly presents it as the end result of some other process of composition
general author
true
deprecated in favor of :MainAuthor
head translator
譯主
true
The person identified explicitly or treated by the tradition implicitly as the head of the translation group or workshop that produced a translation. Such persons may be explicitly identified by the tradition as such, but often our knowledge that this was in fact a person's role is implicit or inferred from other knowledge about the composition of the translation group.
The person identified by tradition implicitly as the head of the translation group
Indic Scholar
true
in the case of Chinese texts, the persons who function in the translation group as experts in the Indic traditions in question can sometimes be identified primarily by other function labels, such as "head translator"; we use this creator type primarily as an equivalent for persons whom the Chinese tradition states "handled the Indic text", Chn. (shou) zhi Fan (wen) [手]執梵[文], (shou) zhi Hu (ben) [手]執胡[本] etc.; this role can also overlap with that of "reciter"
Persons who function in the translation group as experts in the Indic traditions
main author
true
the actual author of a text, sometimes against assertions in the tradition that the text was authored by someone else or produced by processes other than direct authorship, such as translation; in numerous cases, the exact force of this role characterisation can depend upon the nature or genre of the text in question; e.g. to claim that a Chinese person is the "author" of a sutra implies that the text was composed in China, but such texts must necessarily almost universally be presented by the tradition as if they were translated from Indic originals (since sutras are buddhavacana, and the Buddha was generally understood to have been active in India); but the implications might be quite different if we identify someone as the "author" of a commentary
The actual author of a text
oral translator
true
a person who actually renders a text from a foreign language into Chinese, in a manner that the tradition clearly states was spoken rather than written; Chn. chuanyu 傳語, kouxuan 口宣[...言], chuanyi 傳譯, duyu 度語 etc.
a person who translates an orally transmitted text
pandita
true
deprecated in favor of :IndicScholar
recipient of response to query
true
An individual to whom answers in a Work are addressed. Cf., W22146:
Study of the history of Buddhism in Tibet. Written by the 16th century author, Yagde Dulzin Khyenrab Gyatso. Written in response to polemical questions by Karmapa 08 Mikyo Dorje (1507-1554) raised against the Nyingma order.
An individual to whom answers in a Work are addressed
reciter
true
a person who recites an original text (usually Indic) in an original (usually Indic) language during the process of translation; Chn. koushou 口授, tongxuan 同宣 etc., though this function can also sometimes overlap with "IndicScholar" (see below)
a person who recites an original text (usually Indic) in an original (usually Indic) language during the process of translation
requester
true
An individual who requested the author to write the Work
deprecated - not used
reviser
true
An individual who is known to have revised a previous work or translation. Cf., W3CN4970:
The root text of Pramanavartika by Dharmakirti translated by Khache Kelden Gyalpo and Ngog Lotsava Loden Sherap and revised by Shakyashri Bhadra and Sapan Kunga Gyatsen.
An individual who is known to have revised a previous work or translation.
reviser of translation
true
An individual who is known to have revised a previoius translation. Cf., W3CN4970:
The root text of Pramanavartika by Dharmakirti translated by Khache Kelden Gyalpo and Ngog Lotsava Loden Sherap and revised by Shakyashri Bhadra and Sapan Kunga Gyatsen.
An individual who is known to have revised a previous translation.
scribe
true
An individual that wrote the text typically during recitation by the author. Cf., W8145
tertön
true
An individual who revealed the Work as treasure texts. Cf., W25816:
Practice text for the secret sadhana of Ganapati according to revelations by Diri Chodrak
An individual who revealed the Work as treasure texts.
translator
true
A translator of the Work. Cf., W8LS25412:
The glorious blissful garland ,the root sadhana of the dakini by Jigme Lingpa, translated by Tulku Thondup
A translator of the Work.
unspecified
true
a person for whom our source or evidence tells us only that they were involved in the translation process, without allowing us to further specify the specific role they played in that process.
A person that evidence tells us only that they were involved in the production of the Work.
date is approximate
2
set to true to indicate that the date information in an :Event or :Period is approximate or uncertain
date indication
Not Used: associates a :Date with at most one :ChineseDateIndication such as a :ChineseDynasty or reign of an Emperor. Not currently used pending import of :DateIndication metadata
2
height
was :workDimHeight
height or thickness of the physical item of a :Work in cm
length
was :workDimLength
length of the physical item, of this :Work, that is held or scanned in cm
width
was :workDimWidth
width of the physical item, of this :Work, that is held or scanned in cm
dimensions
was :workDimensions => instanceDimensions
The physical dimensions of the instance
has chunk
2
page
Refers to a page of an eText corresponding to a physical/image page asset.
Used to provide stand-off markup for the pagination of eText in correspondence with physical/image assets when known such as in OCR or certain cases of manual input where such information has been preserved during input.
Refers to a page of an eText corresponding to a physical/image page asset.
in instance
The reference to the instance the etext is in
in volume
Indicates the volume in which the etext is found.
is volume
The Etext is the entire volume
eText resource
Refers to an :Etext that is contained in a particular :VolumeEtextAsset
source path
The source path, for an InputEtext, is a relative to an unspecified file system root and identifies a file from which the Unicode eText was generated. This should be the original Tibet Doc, Sambhota Word or other input format.
For an OCR file this should refer to the file generated by the OCR process which contains information regarding character positioning and so on.
2
The source path, for an InputEtext.
title
Title for the etext.
eText volume index
position of the eText in the volume that contains it
edition statement
An Edition statement expresses information about this Instance as an edition.
event text
2
captures ad hoc text associated with the event
when
Indicates the time of the event
place
associates an event with at most one place
who
associates an event with one or more agent
femc conversion of
This label is a (spelling) correction and conversion from the FEMC catalogs
has aunt
Indicates an Aunt of the Person
has brother
Indicates a Brother of the Person
has brother in-law
Indicates a Brother-in-law of the Person
has child
Indicates a Child of the Person
has cousin
Indicates a Cousin of the Person
has daughter
Indicates a Daughter of the Person
has fascicles
2
A list of fascicles contained in the physical instance of a Work
has father
Indicates the Father of the Person
has father in-law
Indicates the Father-in-law of the Person
has grandchild
Indicates a Grandchild of the Person
has grandparent
Indicates a Grandparent of the Person
has granddaughter
Indicates a Granddaughter of the Person
has grandfather
Indicates a Grandfather of the Person
has grandmother
Indicates a Grandmother of the Person
has grandson
Indicates a Grandson of the Person
has husband
Indicates a Husband of the Person
has IIIF Collection
2
this property refers to a named IIIF Manifest resource. The resource may be local or at another location such as the British Library EAP
has IIIF Manifest
2
has in-law
Indicates an in-law of the Person
has incarnation
true
This property is applicable to Persons and Topics (that represent deities or other ahistorical figures).
Indicates a Person considered to be an Incarnation of this Person
has activities incarnation
Indicates an Activities incarnation of this Person.
has body incarnation
Indicates a Body incarnation of this Person.
has general incarnation
Indicates an incarnation of this Person.
has mind incarnation
Indicates a Minds incarnation of this Person.
has qualities incarnation
Indicates a Qualities incarnation of this Person.
has speech incarnation
Indicates a Speech incarnation of this Person.
has yangtse
Indicates a young incarnation of this Person.
has instance number
2
the number of this work within a containing work
has maternal aunt
Indicates a Maternal aunt of the Person
has maternal uncle
Indicates a Maternal uncle of the Person
has mother
Indicates the Mother of the Person
has mother in-law
Indicates a Mother-in-law of the Person
has nephew
Indicates a Nephew of the Person
has nibling
Indicates a Nibling of the Person
has niece
Indicates a Niece of the Person
has older brother
Indicates an Older brother of the Person
has older sister
Indicates an Older sister of the Person
has parent
Indicates a Parent of the Person
has parent in-law
Indicates a Parent-in-law of the Person
has parent sibling
Indicates an Parent sibling of the Person
has part
links a work and one of its part (a collection and a text in the collection, a text and one of its chapters, etc.)
has paternal aunt
Indicates a Paternal aunt of the Person
has paternal uncle
Indicates a Paternal uncle of the Person
has sibling
Indicates a Sibling of the Person
has sibling in-law
Indicates a Sibling-in-law of the Person
has sister
Indicates a Sister of the Person
has sister in-law
Indicates a Sister-in-law of the Person
has son
Indicates a Son of the Person
printed at
was :workHasSourcePrintery
used to indicate the printery of a traditional artefact
has spouse
Indicates a Spouse of the Person
has steward
A steward of (a Collection of) Textual Item(s) is an organization that preserves and makes metadata and images/etexts available digitally. A steward may be an :Organization or an adm:Organization.
2
An organization that preserves and makes metadata and images/etexts available digitally
title
Asserts that the subject instance has a particular title.
has uncle
Indicates an Uncle of the Person
has unknown kinship with
Indicates a Person with an unknown kinship relation to the Person
has wife
Indicates a Wife of the Person
has younger brother
Indicates a Younger brother of the Person
has younger sister
Indicates a Younger sister of the Person
illustrations
Provides a string describing the presence of illustrations, portraits, color plates and so on.
image count
2
A positive integer indicating the total number of images in the ImageGroup
image list
true
The string value is formatted as a sequence of image-name:image-counts separated by the pipe, '|', character. In the normal situations the image names are incremented by one to generate image-count names.
The typical case is a collection of tiffs:
:imageList "020640001.tif:463"
which represents images named:
020640001.tif, 020640002.tif, 020640003.tif, . . . 020640463.tif
Volumes that have some jpeg color material will appear like:
:imageList "I1KG9330001.tif:2|"I1KG9330003.jpg:561"
which encodes the first two TBRC metadata pages and the remainder as jpg images.
Sometimes there are volumes that are a mix of color and bitonal images, typical the front matter might be jpg and the remainder tif:
:imageList "I2PD44320001.tif:2|I2PD44320003.jpg:3|I2PD44320006.tif:606"
There are odd naming situations where a single name stands alone and the next name is explicitly indicated:
:imageList "1CZ7740001.tif:43|1CZ7740043a.tif|1CZ7740044.tif:472"
when a name standalone the ":1" can be dispensed with.
If this property is present it indicates that digitized images of the volume are present in the archive.
2
The string value is formatted as a sequence of image-name:image-counts separated by the pipe, '|', character.
images missing
true
A comma separated list of image indexes that are missing. For example:
:imagesMissing "43,77-78,192'
This is a rare situation but needs to be handled.
2
A comma separated list of image indexes that are missing.
in collection
was :workCollection
2
This instance is contained at the identified institution
has root
:workHasRoot is typically "inferred" via a path expression such as:
?hEx bdo:partOf+ ?hExW .
optional { ?hExW bdo:partOf ?hExWP }
FILTER (!bound(?hExWP))
?hExW skos:prefLabel ?hExO .
which can then be constructed to:
?hEx :workHasRoot ?hExW .
rather than storing the triple explicitly for every part of a large composite :Work such as a Kanjur or Tengyur.
Adding this "virtual" property to the ontology provides a place to add the labels needed for localization of applications
2
For a sub(sub, etc) Work the target Work is the top-level containing Work.
activities incarnation of
This Person is an Activities incarnation of the target Person
body incarnation of
This Person is a Body incarnation of the target Person
general incarnation of
This Person is a general incarnation of the target Person
mind incarnation of
This Person is a Mind incarnation of the target Person
qualities incarnation of
This Person is a Qualities incarnation of the target Person
speech incarnation of
This Person is a Speech incarnation of the target Person
yangtse of
This Person is the next incarnation of the target Person
incipit
The opening words of the Work
has creator
Associates an Instance with an Agent and a Creator Role that participated in the creation of the Instance. For example, scribe, carver and so on
instance derivative of
References an Instance that this Instance is a derivative of.
errata
was :workErrata
2
Indicates a statement of error in the content
event
A description of the what, when and where of an event in the life of a instance
extent statement
was :workExtentStatement
A statement of the extent of the Instance
has derivative
References an Instance that is a derivative of this Instance.
has item
true
was workHasItem
This physical instance has an associated Item.
has reproduction
was :workHasReproduction
References an Instance that is a reproduction of this Instance.
has volume
refers to a volume description of a digital asset, scanned or etext; or a physical volume.
instance of
The subject Instance is an instance of the referenced :Work. This may mean that the subject instance is an edition or version or the only extant occurrence of the referenced :Work.
This modeling is relevant when there are more than one occurrence of a work that needs to be accounted for in the library. If there is a single edition of a unique work then this elaborate modeling is not needed; however, for many works in the domain of Buddhist Universal Digital Archive there are many expressions of a single identified "conceptual" work such as the Kanjur, Tengyur, Nyingma Gyu Bum, Rinchen Terdzod, Nyingma Kama, Songs of Milarepa, and on and on.
Consider the Kanjur:
bdr:T2423 a Topic, Work ;
rdfs:label "bka' 'gyur"@bo-x-ewts ;
:workHasTitle [ a :WorkTitle ;
rdfs:label "Kanjur"@en ;
:workHasTitleType bdr:TitleTypeBibliographicalTitle ]
bdr:W9NEW01 a Work ;
:workHasTitle [ a :WorkTitle ;
rdfs:label "Dege Kanjur"@en ;
:workHasTitleType bdr:TitleTypeBibliographicalTitle ]
:instanceOf bdr:T2423 .
bdr:W22703 a Work ;
:workHasTitle [ a :WorkTitle ;
rdfs:label "Narthang Kanjur"@en ;
:workHasTitleType bdr:TitleTypeBibliographicalTitle ]
:instanceOf bdr:T2423 .
bdr:W26071 a Work ;
:workHasTitle [ a :WorkTitle ;
rdfs:label "Lhasa Kanjur"@en ;
:workHasTitleType bdr:TitleTypeBibliographicalTitle ]
:instanceOf bdr:T2423 .
was :workExpressionOf
Links an (abstract) :Work and one of its instances
printery
Free text comment on where the copy of the Work that was digitized was printed.
This is generally not the source printery of the original wood block prints that were later photocopied and digitized
was :workPrintery
2
Free text comment on where the copy of the Instance that was digitized was printed.
instance reproduction of
This is relevant to record versus :workExpressionOf when there may be features peculariar to the fact of reproduction versus a direct production such as from master woodblocks or, in a more modern setting, the original offset plates from an input text.
For example,
bdr:W22084 :workReproductionOf bdr:W9NEW01
indicates that bdr:W22084 is considered to be scanned images from a reproduction of the conceptual sdg dge Kanjur identified here as bdr:W9NEW01. The bdr:W9NEW01 denotes the constellation of versions/reproductions and derivatives of the (mythical) sde dge Kanjur.
was :workReproductionOf
The subject instance is a reproduction of the referenced instance such as a photocopy or an offset print of an original or photocopy and so on.
interpretation of
indicates that this label is an interpretation of the object label, e.g., this sa-iast label is an interpretation of a phonetic label
complete
was :workComplete
true if the instance or item is complete
is incarnation of
true
isIncarnation records which being (Person or Topic) this individual is an incarnation of and optionally what sort of incarnation (body speech, mind, etc). There are 1,456 individuals out of 18,320, that are marked as being incarnations of some being. Of these, 18 are marked with per:incarnationOf_relation and 5 are marked with per:incarnationOf_secondary.
This Person is an incarnation of the target Person
is root resource
True if this resource is a root resource - Entity or AdminData. If not present on a Work, which may be a sub-part, it is assumed false
A
2
This Resource is a root Resource of a graph.
BDRC holdings statement
2
A free-text statement of the holdings by BDRC of this Item (and its relatives).
number of copies
The number of copies of the :Work in this holding. Must be greater than zero.
2
The number of copies of the Work in this holding
exception
2
Exception notes such a missing volume, damage to pages and so on
for instance
true
was :itemForWork.
This Item represents an occurrence of the referenced PhysicalInstance
library
The Library (Place) that contains the physical holding
missing volumes
A comma separated list of volume numbers and ranges of missing volumes for the Item. For example:
:itemMissingVolumes "3-4,11,17,81-88,101"
A comma separated list of numbers and ranges of missing volumes
shelf
Identifies where the holding is shelved. The shelf code is based on a library specific taxonomy
nb. volumes
The number of volumes in the item
kin with
true
Root property that expresses some kinship relation between the subject and object Persons.
label connection
indicates a connection between two bdo:Labels
language
true
Every Instance should have at least one :langScript indicating the primary laguage and script in which the language is presented. There may be more than one :langScript when there are multiple languages used for primary text. For example, a dictionary with entries in Chinese, Sanskrit and Tibetan would list all three languages and their corresponding scripts via three :workLangScript statements
Indicates the primary language and script in which the Instance is expressed.
legacy outline node rid
2
the tbrc legacy outline node rid used to route legacy outline URL references
license
true
deprecated by adm:license
The license under which access to the Work is provided
down from
This models the "down from ..." references to other Lineages. The :Lineage object of :lineageDownFrom will contain the same :LineageHolder as here and the meaning of :lineageDownFrom is to "splice" the remaining holders on to the end of this lineage.
This models the directly the way in which the source gsan/thob yigs are written.
For example, here is the "tail" of bdr:L0RKL137:
bdr:L0RKL137 a :Lineage ;
:lineageType bdr:LineageDbang ;
:lineageObject bdr:T976 ;
. . .
:lineageHolder [ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:P502 ;
:lineageReceived [ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:P1226 ]
]
:lineageHolder [ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:P3094 ;
:lineageReceived [ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:P502 ]
:lineageDownFrom bdr:L0RKL134
]
Now in bdr:L0RKL134 there will be found a :LineageHolder with a :lineageWho of bdr:P3094 and all of the holders from then to the end of bdr:L0RKL134 are considered to be appended to bdr:L0RKL137:
bdr:L0RKL134 a :Lineage ;
:lineageType bdr:LineageDbang ;
:lineageObject bdr:T976 ;
. . .
:lineageHolder [ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:P502 ;
:lineageReceived [ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:P3093 ]
]
:lineageHolder [ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:P3094 ;
:lineageReceived [ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:P502 ]
]
:lineageHolder [ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:P1132 ;
:lineageReceived [ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:P3094 ]
]
:lineageHolder [ a :LineageHolder ;
:lineageWho bdr:P1034 ;
:lineageReceived [ a :LineageReceived ;
:lineageFrom bdr:P1132 ]
]
. . .
This illustrates that while bdr:P3094 received the :Lineage from bdr:P502 in both cases, bdr:P502 received the lineage from bdr:P3093 in one case and from bdr:P1226 in the other. The two :Lineages are both of the same type and are transmitting the same object, bdr:T976, so this example illustrates the use of :lineageDownFrom to simplify the recording in a gsan yig or thob yig while highlighting some of the commonalities.
Down from expresses a sequence of lineage holders by reference to another Lineage.
down to
This models the "down to ..." references to other Lineages. The other Lineage from the beginning to the holder with the same who as this holder is implicitly included with this lineage. The known use case is for the initial holder to include the prior holders from another lineage as the initial without having members of this lineage without having to repeat them. It may be meaningful to use this feature deeper in a lineage but that is not defined at this time. It is meaningful to include multiple from references which is interpreted as implicitly creating an alternative lineage for each from element.
Similar to down from this property refers to a sequence of holders from another Lineage.
received from
Who did this "LineageHolder receive the :Lineage from?
has holder
the object of :lineageHolder is a :LineageHolder that describes an individual that held the given :Lineage
transmits
This is a reference to what is being transmitted in the :Lineage. Typically this is a deity, ritual, or teaching or some sort. The :lineageType will indicate the nature of the :Lineage transmission, empowerment, reading transmission, instructions on practice and so on.
The object should be restricted to Persons or to Topics that represent a Deity or other suitable objects of a Lineage (what might those be?). This requires a union of some sort.
This is a reference to what is being transmitted in the Lineage.
lineage received
Essentially who did the holder receive this Lineage from
alternative lineage
The :lineageRef identifies another :Lineage that is an alternative version of the current :Lineage. In gsan yig and thob yig there can be references to different versions of how a given object has been transmitted up to the time of the writing of the gsan/thob yig.
The :lineageRef identifies an alternative version of the current Lineage
lineage type
Identifies the type of :Lineage such as empowerment, reading transmission, various sorts of instructions and so on
is holder
identifies who this LineageHolder is, Person or a being represented via a Topic.
work
Refers to a Work authored by the LineageHolder about the Lineage.
material
was :workMaterial
2
a component material of the source (can be the type of paper, type of ink, etc.)
microfilm canister
2
indicates the id of the canister that the microfilm was stored in
item from microfilm
was :workMicrofilm
2
The microfilm item from which the instance was digitized.
microfilm strip id
2
indicates the id of the film strip that contains the digitized content
not after
Indicates that the event is known to have not occurred after to the year/date given, unless otherwise specified the year/date is reckoned in the Common Era
not before
Indicates that the event is known to have not occurred prior to the year/date given, unless otherwise specified the year/date is reckoned in the Common Era
note
the :note annotation adds language tagged string and optionally a reference to a Work and a simple text description of a location in a Work, e.g., "pp. 231-3".
In the XML db the notes are restricted to a limited set of items such as top-level resources and Outline Nodes, Place Events and so on. In this model there are no limitations on where notes can be attached. They can be attached directly to any owl:NamedIndividual or property. In particular one could add a note to the per:name property on an individual that provides evidence for the particular per:name assertion.
Associates a Note containing: a comment, Work, and location in the Work.
source
The source for the noteContent
text
text of the note
note type
A string indicating a kind of Note. Used only w FEMC taxonomy notes
number of volumes
This is the number of volumes associated with the original instance. Typically this is for a published work. The value may differ from the "actual" number of volumes in an associated Item owing to missing volumes.
This is the number of volumes associated with the original instance.
on date
The event is known to have occurred during the year or date given, unless otherwise specified the date is reckoned in the Common Era
circa
true
deprecated in favor of :onDate, :onYear, :notBefore, and :notAfter
in year
The event is known to have occurred during the year given, unless otherwise specified the year is reckoned in the Common Era
line
Refers to a line of an Etext page
paginated by
This property does appear to be used, nor is it cear what it means.
2
part index
The part index is used to provide a simple way to order the parts of a parent :Work. The direct children parts of a :Work are indexed from 1 to n. The direct children of each of these is similarly indexed from 1 to n.
Schematically:
W1
:workHasPart W1_0001, W1_0005 ;
W1_0001
:workHasPart W1_0002, W1_0003, W1_0004 ;
:workPartOf W1 ;
:workPartIndex 1 ;
W1_0002
:workPartOf W1_0001 ;
:workPartIndex 1 ;
W1_0003
:workPartOf W1_0001 ;
:workPartIndex 2 ;
W1_0004
:workPartOf W1_0001 ;
:workPartIndex 3 ;
W1_0005
:workHasPart W1_0006, W1_0007 ;
:workPartOf W1 ;
:workPartIndex 2 ;
W1_0006
:workPartOf W1_0005 ;
:workPartIndex 1 ;
W1_0007
:workPartOf W1_0005 ;
:workPartIndex 2 ;
2
The part index is used to provide a simple way to order the parts of a parent Work.
part of
The subject work is a part of the referenced work. The subject work in this case is an <outline:node/> in the legacy metadata. The referenced work may be the root work or another part of the root work such as a section.
For example, The Kanjur conventionally has a section of Vinaya texts and each of these will be a :Work modeled like:
bdr:SomeKanjurVinayaTextX a :Work ;
:workPartOf bdr:SomeKanjurVinayaSection ;
:workBeginsAt bdr:ContentLocationY001 ;
:workEndsAt bdr:ContentLocationY002 .
bdr:SomeKanjurVinayaSection a :Work ;
:workPartOf bdr:W26071 ;
:workBeginsAt bdr:ContentLocationZ001 ;
:workEndsAt bdr:ContentLocationZ002 .
Indicates the direct parent in the hierarchy of the work content
work part tree index
the :wpartTreeIndex is a dotted list of indexes of the part among its siblings under each parent up to the root. For example, suppose a part is the second part under the third part under the first part under the fifth part under the root work then the index will be:
5.1.3.2
so go to the fifth child of the root then to the first of its children, then to the third child of that and finally to that child's second child
2
A dotted list of indexes of the part among its siblings under each parent up to the root.
part type
If the subject work is part of another work, then this reflects the type of part: chapter, section, text, etc.
consort of
The subject Person is a consort of the target Person
event
An event related to a person such as birth, death, ordination, founding monastery and so on.
associated corporation
Indicates a Corporation that is associated with the subject Event.
associated role
Indicates a Role that is occupied by a Person associated with the PersonEvent.
gender
The gender of the Person
has consort
The target Person is a consort of the subject Person
non actor
true
2
A non-Tibetan individual that has been included in the db because they are translators, or authors of some work of interest.
name
describe a name for a Person
person of school
Indicates a school, tradition, or sect that the Person is associated with.
person of tradition
Indicates a Tradition that the Person is associated with.
student of
Indicates a Person this Person was a student of.
teacher of
Indicates a Person this Person was a teacher of.
accuracy
2
The accuracy of the latitude and longitude
address
2
Associates modern address information with a Place
chgis id
Note that in the BDRC dataset, these are in fact invalid identifiers that conflict with other ones. The way to get the correct ID is to prefix the local name with "TBRC_", for instance "TBRC_G162".
2
The China Historical GIS identifier for the Place
contains
Identifies a Place that this Place contains.
event
Identifies an event that occurred at this Place, e.g., founded, rebuilt, deserted, etc.
affiliated tradition
Refers to the Tradition that the place event is affiliated with.
GB2260-2013
2
The 2013 Chinese GB code for the Place. Similar to U.S. Zipcode
monasteries per ecumen
Karl Ryavec supplies the following information regarding this property:
Gonpa per ecumen would be how many temples are there per one sq km of land area minus water, bare rock, ice and so forth. Thus I totaled the ecumen areas of each township primarily in terms of the sq km of grassland and forests and farmland. Then because these areas per temple are so tiny I represented the final amounts on my map legend per 1000 sq km so that the numbers would be closer to 1.0 at times. For example there might only be .0000001 temples per sq km of ecumen. But if we convert to per 1000 sq km of ecumen we get .0001 temples which is a more understandable amount. Though I think most scholars are baffled by technology and so just understand the idea of core areas like the Lhasa valley compared the peripheral areas like the Changthang. So that's mainly what I focused on showing.
2
The number of monasteries per ecumen in this Place (presumably a region) from data provided by Karl Ryavec
is near
true
deprecated because not actually used in legacy data and not well defined
Indicates that this Place is near to another - typically because of some reference in a document. In other words, there is some textual reason for mentioning the nearness; otherwise, the metadata could be filled with gratuitous nearness assertions.
latitude
The latitude of the place, using GPS coordinates (WGS84), formatted as decimal degrees
located in
Identifies a Place that this Place is located in - usually a single Place but to account for changes over time in the definitions of regions and such it may be necessary to have multiple associations.
Identifies a Place that this Place is located in.
longitude
The longitude of the place, using GPS coordinates (WGS84), formatted as decimal degrees
MARC Country Code
2
two- or three-character lowercase alphabetic codes that designate countries and regions (such as states in the U.S.)
region poly
2
The object of this property is an xsd:string representing a geoJSON Polygon or Mulit-Polygon. See http://geojson.org/geojson-spec.html
type
The type of Place: monastery, river, mountain pass, etc.
2
The World Bank 2000 population for the Place
WB 2010 population
2
The World Bank 2010 population for the Place
2
The area in square km of the Place from the World Bank 2010
print method
Indicates the printing method of the Item associated with the Work.
publisher location
deprecated in favor of :PublishedEvent
Loction of the publisher of the form of the Instance that has been digitized.
publisher name
deprecated in favor of :PublishedEvent
The name of the publisher transcribed from the Work
restored
The :restored property is used to add a restoration of the original :PersonName or WorkTitle in the event that the name in the rdfs:label is a transliteration from another language (often Sanskrit) and the original language name or title is not manifest in the material being cataloged so that the cataloger prepares a restoration.
For example in:
cbc:person_18 a :Person ;
:personName [
rdfs:label "阿地瞿多"@sa-Hant ;
:restored "Atikūṭa"@sa-x-iast
] .
the rdfs:label is tagged as a Sanskrit transliteration in Tranditional Chinese, and the :restored is a reconstruction of the original Sanskrit encoded as IAST.
Such reconstructions are typically approximations to the original and there will often be a primary or preferred form of the name or title in which case the :restored property should be used.
2
Indicates a restoration of the original PersonName or WorkTitle
restored alternative
The :restoredAlt property is used to add an alternative restoration of the original :PersonName or WorkTitle in the event that the name in the rdfs:label is a transliteration from another language (often Sanskrit).
For example in:
cbc:person_18 a :Person ;
:personName [
rdfs:label "阿地瞿多"@sa-Hant ;
:restored "Atikūṭa"@sa-x-iast ;
:restoredAtl "Atigupta"@sa-x-iast
] .
the rdfs:label is tagged as a Sanskrit transliteration in Tranditional Chinese, and the :restoredAlt is a reconstruction of the original Sanskrit encoded as IAST.
Such reconstructions are typically approximations to the original and there may be alternatives to the preferred form of the name or title in which case :restoredAlt literals may be recorded.
2
Indicates an alternative restoration of the original PersonName or WorkTitle
role
The :role property associates a :Role with eiher an :Agents or an :AgentInRole.
When used with an :Agents the triple is asserting that the subject is commonly found performing in the target :Role
When used in an :AgentInRole, the associated :Agents is performing in the target :Role in the context of the subject property for which the :AgentInRole is the target.
Associates a Role with eiher an Agents or an AgentInRole.
scan info
was :workScanInfo
Where and by whom the Work was scanned (or requested to be scanned)
script
The script (Tibetan, Devanagari, etc.)
sequence number
A :seqNum may be a page number, line number or other id as appropriate to the use of the :EtextSlice or other contexts such as the sequence of eTexts in a Volume and so on.
serial has instance
has serial member
used to reference the number associated with the work in the series
serial instance of
serial member of
Indicates that this Work is a member of a series. This property is used rather than :partOf to distinguish between the situation in which a series is typically not published all at once versus a collection of Works such as a Kanjur or gSungbum that is conventionally published and distributed all at once.
Indicates that this Work is a member of a series.
slice end char
2
slice start char
2
source note
A note about the origin of the Instance (form of a Work) that was digitized.
source printery
true
Free-text expression of the source printery for the Work.
Should be converted to a reference to a Place resource
Free-text expression of the source printery for the Instance.
translation of
This label is a translation of the object label to a language indicated in the language tag
transliteration
A transliteration for a :LangScript. Mostly this will apply for Pali situations since texts are always written in a transliteration of Pali in a Romanization or script of a language such as Thai.
2
A transliteration for a LangScript.
transliteration of
This label is a transliteration of the object label in a form indicated in the language tag
ui abbr
2
used as labels for items such as canon catalog sigLas and date eras. The value is a string such as "T %s"or "%s C.E."
work link to
2
Indicates a member Instance of a VirtualInstance
eText
refers to an :EtextRef that identifies an :Etext and the position of that :Etext in a containing :VolumeEtextAsset
volume name
In some cases volumes of a :Work are given names. For example, in Tibetan a three volume work might have volumes named O, a, huM or a 10 volume work might have volumes named: ka, kha, ga, nga, ca, cha, ja, nya, ta, a.
volume number
The number of the volume in the Item. There is no implied order in RDF and there may be missing volumes so it is necessary to explicitly indicate the volume number.
volume of
The subject is a volume of the referenced item.
nb. pages of intro
May be used to indicate the number of introductory pages in a volume
nb. pages of TBRC intro
The number of digitized metadata pages added by TBRC (now BDRC). Originally this was 2 pages and more recently condensed to a single non-blank page however a second blank page 2 was included to simplify processing of volumes for display and so on. The intention being to capture some relevant metadata in along with the digitized images so that the volume is essentially standalone.
nb. pages of text
2
pages of text content in the volume
nb. pages total
2
Total number of pages in the volume
physical description
A description of the physical appearance of a Volume of the Item. For example,
"No covers. Gilded leaves with vermilion band. Printed cotton wrapper with floral designs."@en
A description of the physical appearance of a Volume of the Item.
chapters contained
true
2
records the chapters of a larger Work contained in this Work
creator
true
true
deprecated in favor of :creator and associated :AgentAsCreator
deprecated in favor of bdo:Role/bdo:Creator and :role in a bdo:WorkEvent
Identifies the type and person that are a creator of the work
date of writing
true
deprecated in favor of :CompletedEvent.
This work is a derivative of the referenced work. This means that it may be a later edition or a version with some "corrections"/changes to the content of the referenced work.
For example,
bdr:W30532 :workDerivativeOf bdr:W22084
bdr:W30532 is a printing based on woodblocks that have a variety of "corrections" made via plugs in the original woodblocks and W22084 is a printing from the original sde dge Kanjur woodblocks so it makes sense to indicate that bdr:W30532 is a derivative of bdr:W22084.
derivative of
This work is a derivative of the referenced work.
event
A description of the what, when and where of an event in the life of a instance
FEMC Manuscript code
2
FEMC Manuscript Code
genre
The referenced Topic is expected to be a "genre" topic and eventually the genre topics will be moved to a class of Genre and/or a Taxonomy of Genre may be supplied.
A genre is intended to capture a form or structural type of the work versus the content of the work.
The referenced Topic is interpreted as a "genre".
has derivative
The referenced work is a derivative of this Work. This means that the referenced work may be a later edition or a version with some "corrections"/changes to the content of the referenced work.
The referenced Work is a derivative of this Work.
has instance
was :workHasExpression
The referenced Instance is an expression of this Work.
parallels in
This work has some parallels in another work, meaning it displays intertextuality patterns.
has site
true
deprecated in favor of the various :WorkEvents.
A :WorkSite describes where some activity associated with a Work occurred. This was a component of the Outline nodes but has been folded into the general bibliographic model applicable to all :Work(s)
has translation
The referenced work is identified as a translation of the subject work. This will be used, for example, when the referenced work is a Tibetan translation of a subject Sanskrit work.
The referenced Work is identified as a translation of this Work.
is about
The referenced Entity (topic, person, work, etc.) is a subject of the Work - something the Work is about.
number in series
true
this is not useful. It is sufficient that the Work be a SerialWork
2
True if this Work is part of a series. In which case it should have a :workSeriesNumber
other language
true
The :workOtherLangScript is used to indicate language script combinations that occur in secondary or subsidiary roles within a :Work. For example, a preface in Chinese for a primary Tibetan text could be indicated via:
:workOtherLangScript bdr:ZhNative
or a text containing handwritten comments in Tibetan might have:
:workOtherLangScript bdr:BoKhyugYig
secondary language associated with a work
part label
true
Use this property to reflect a label/name for a "synthetic" part of a work such as "Sutra Basket" or "Guhyagarbha Commentaries" that is not identified directly in a composite work such Kangyur or Kama but that helps to highlight the organization of composite work
2
A label that helps to highlight the organization of composite work
series content
true
does not appear to be used.
series name
true
do not use for new records, a proper work should be created for the series.
the series name should be a Label/Title on a :SerialWork
series member id
This is the number or other id of this SerialInstance in a SerialWork.
side box sequence id
An identifer, typically a Tibetan letter, indicating the position of the text in a sequence of texts. Conventionally appearing in a side box of the textbox. See bdr:W22080 for an example.
An identifer, typically a Tibetan letter, indicating the position of the text in a sequence of texts.
translation of
The subject work is identified as a translation of the referenced work. This will be used, for example, when the subject work is a Tibetan translation of a referenced Sanskrit work.
This work is a translation of the reference work.
work type
true
deprecated in favor of simply using the proper sublcass of :Work, e.g., :AbstractWork, :PublishedWork, and so on
year in era
true
If this property is present it indicates that digitized images of the volume are present in the archive.
2
The year in era is relative to the yearOffset for the Era
year offset
This is the year offset for an Era in terms of the Common Era and is established based on the definition of the Era for which this is the offset
This is the year offset for an Era in terms of the Common Era.
Unspecified Chinese date
2
An unspecified Chinese date.
lithography
Comment
As a convention in the BDRC ontology, use rdfs:comment for summary and contents statements about a resource rather than adding additional properties.
We take the view that the summary or contents statements can be treated in a manner similar to the use of rdfs:label as a way of providing a short description of a resource
label
The rdfs:label is used in the BDRC ontology to provide a label in the :PersonName and :WorkTitle
see also
The most basic class in the BUDA ontology is owl:thing. Subclasses of owl:thing are (1) the principle concepts (:Entity) that constitute BUDA's domain of discourse, (2) facets (n-ary properties) of the principle concepts, (3) features of an :Entity or :Facet, such the types of resources such as place events, work titles, or features such as WorkTitles, and (4) relevant classes from third party ontologies that BDRC refers to in constructing concepts, facets and types.
same as
true
variant label
A variant label for entities such as :Place, :Corporation and so on
close match
Use when entities are different but similar enough to be conflated for the casual user.
hidden label
Used to represent a mispelling of a label that is otherwise intended to be retained in the dataset
preferred label
The preferred human-readable label for a resource. For a Work this is typically the bibliographic title and will be repeated in a WorkTitle, similarly for Persons
VCARD Address
The components of the address for a physical location.
2
VCARD Entity
https://www.w3.org/TR/vcard-rdf
Entities used from VCARD, primarily for contemporary addresses. VCARD provides am appropriate vocabulary for expressing the address information associated with Libraries in the TLM project,among other cases where physical addresses are modeled.
2
country
map the country for a Library address
locality
use for city for a Library address
postal code
region
use for state in Library address
street address
concatenate with the street number for a Library address
Agent
The Agent class is useful in a few places in FOAF where Person would have been overly specific. For example, the IM chat ID properties such as jabberID are typically associated with people, but sometimes belong to software bots. The Agent class is the class of agents things that do stuff. A well known sub-class is Person, representing people. Other kinds of agents include Organization and Group.
FOAF Entity
Friend of a Friend (FOAF) is a project devoted to linking people and information using the Web. Regardless of whether information is in people's heads, in physical or digital documents, or in the form of factual data, it can be linked. FOAF classes used in the BDRC ontology are used primarily for administrative purposes since FOAF is not itself a cultural heritage vocabulary.