. . . . . . "Allotrope Foundation Taxonomy of universals (REC/2019/12)" . "Allotrope Foundation Taxonomy (AFT)" . . . . . . "2019-12-03T12:00:00Z"^^ . "2019-12-30T12:00:00Z"^^ . . "REC/2019/12" . . . . . . "true"^^ . "A range is an interval of values with a lower and/or upper limit. [Allotrope]" . "range" . . . "true"^^ . "A set of codes in a controlled vocabulary. [Allotrope]" . "codelist" . . . "true"^^ . "categorical value" . "enumeration value" . "An entry in a list of controlled symbols denoting a classification. [Allotrope]" . "code" . . . "true"^^ . "A condition is an information content entity that is about the portion of reality under which something occurs or is valid. The condition is limited by its scope and may have preconditions. It restricts the possible realizations. [Allotrope]" . "condition" . . . "true"^^ . "and" . "A condition that is valid if all conditions of it are valid. [Allotrope]" . "and condition" . . . "true"^^ . "or" . "An or condition is valid if at least one of its conditions is valid. [Allotrope]" . "or condition" . . . "true"^^ . "exclusive or condition" . "one of" . "xor" . "xor condition" . "A one of condition is valid if exactly one of its condition is valid. [Allotrope]" . "one of condition" . . . "true"^^ . "sequence" . "A list is an ordered collection of items. [Allotrope]" . "list" . . . "true"^^ . "item" . "An entry in a list. [Allotrope]" . "list item" . . . "true"^^ . "A series is a list (ordered collection) of literal values. [Allotrope]" . "series" . . . "true"^^ . "An individual entry in a series with an index and a numeric value. [Allotrope]" . "series item" . . . "An aggregation of data items for a purpose. [Allotrope]" . "A collection itself is never an object aggregate, but an abstraction and might be about an object aggregate." . "collection" . . . "true"^^ . "element" . "An item is an individual member of some collection. [Allotrope]" . "The item is not a physical object that is member of an object aggregate, but is an abstraction that might be about such an object." . "item" . . . "true"^^ . "A collection where each member is disjoint from another. [Allotrope]" . "set" . . . "Bernhard Wolf (31 August 1995). Handbook of Ion Sources. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2502-1." . "ionization source" . "A ion source is a device that has the function to produce or provide ions. [Allotrope]" . "ion source of a mass spectrometer" . "ion source" . . . "true"^^ . "A sample passage is the compartment of a device that handles the conveying of samples. [Allotrope]" . "sample passage" . . . "true"^^ . "A piece of apparatus that is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes. [CHMO]" . "calorimeter" . . . . "true"^^ . "GC device" . "gas chromatography device" . "2019-07-03 Changed alt labels from system to device [Allotrope]" . "A piece of apparatus, consisting of a gas supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]" . "gas chromatograph" . . . "true"^^ . "plate" . "A plate is a flat container with multiple \"wells\" used as small test tubes. [Wikipedia]" . "well plate" . . . "true"^^ . "mass analyzer" . "A mass-to-charge analyzer is a separation device that separates ionized masses by their mass to charge ratio. [Allotrope]" . "mass-to-charge analyzer" . . . . . "AS" . "automated sampler" . "autosampler module" . "A piece of equipment that allows for automated sampling or sample loading. [Allotrope]" . "autosampler" . . . "true"^^ . . . "L.S. Ettre, \"Nomenclature for Chromatography\", Pure & Appl. Chem. 1993, Vol. 65, No. 4, pp. 819-872" . "A fraction collector is a collecting device for recovering fractional volumes of the column effluent. [IUPAC]" . "fraction collector" . . . "true"^^ . "EMR source" . "light source" . "A source of a range of electromagnetic waves. [Allotrope]" . "electromagnetic radiation source" . . . "true"^^ . "2018-03-06 Changed definition to Aristotelian form. [Allotrope]" . "A spectrophotometer is a photometer that measures the intensity of light at each individual wavelength. [Allotrope]" . "spectrophotometer" . . . . "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_ionization_detector" . "FID" . "A flame ionization detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the measurement of ions created via flame ionization. [Allotrope]" . "flame ionization detector" . . . "true"^^ . "column" . "A chromatography column is a type of column that contains a stationary phase for chromatographic separation of compounds. [Allotrope]" . "chromatography column" . . . "true"^^ . "injector" . "A device that introduces objects into the inside of another object. [Allotrope]" . "injection device" . . . . "true"^^ . . "TCD" . "2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]" . "2018-12-20 Changed definition to align with other GC detectors. [Allotrope]" . "A thermal conductivity detector is a measurement component that measures changes in the thermal conductivity of the column effluent and compares it to a reference flow of carrier gas. [Allotrope]" . "thermal conductivity detector" . . . "true"^^ . "Any piece of apparatus used to detect an analyte. [CHMO]" . "detector" . . . "A separate enclosed physical section of a device that can contain other devices. [Allotrope]" . "compartment" . . . . "A capillary is a tube with a small diameter. [Allotrope]" . "capillary" . . . "true"^^ . "engineered artifact" . "A device is an artifact that is designed to perform a function primarily by means of its mechanical or electrical nature. [Allotrope]" . "A device has a designed form or physical structure. This distinguishes a device from a chemical and a biological artifact, that are typical bulk or portions of materials without a designed form. [Allotrope]" . "device" . . . . "true"^^ . "RI detector" . "refractive-index detector" . "2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]" . "A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source, a hollow prism and a photoelectric cell that is used to detect non-ultraviolet-absorbing molecules in a sample separated by chromatography. Light from the sample passes through a flow cell with two channels towards the photoelectric cell. One channel holds the eluent from the column, whereas the other holds a control sample (solvent that has not passed through the column). Detection occurs when the light is bent due to molecules eluting from the column, and this is read as a disparity between the two channels. [CHMO]" . "refractive index detector" . . . . "true"^^ . "ECD" . "Hall electrolytic conductivity detector" . "2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]" . "A conductivity probe to calculate the conductance value of a material at the selected reference temperature. [Allotrope]" . "electrolytic conductivity detector" . . . . "true"^^ . "A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]" . "chromatograph" . . . . "true"^^ . "vessel" . "A device that has the function to contain material. [Allotrope]" . "box, can, plate, rack" . "tray, flask, vial" . "container" . . . "true"^^ . "A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient. [Allotrope]" . "thermometer" . . . "true"^^ . "A damper is a device that deadens, restrains, or depresses. [Wikipedia]" . "damper" . . . "true"^^ . "A pump is a device that is used to pump. [CHMO]" . "pump" . . . "true"^^ . "temperature control" . "temperature control device" . "thermostat" . "A device used to control the temperature in a compartment. [Allotrope]" . "temperature controller" . . . "true"^^ . . "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_capture_detector" . "ECD" . "An electron capture detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the attachment of electrons via electron capture ionization. [Allotrope]" . "electron capture detector" . . . . "A tray is a container capable of holding multiple vials within a defined layout. [Allotrope]" . "tray" . . . "true"^^ . "A Raman spectrometer is a piece of apparatus that allows for the measurement of Raman spectra. It consists of a laser and a detector. [Allotrope]" . "Raman spectrometer" . . . "true"^^ . "A device to acquire signals or data. [Allotrope]" . "data acquisition device" . . . "true"^^ . "A device used to split a fluid into two component streams. [Allotrope]" . "splitter" . . . . "true"^^ . "FLD" . "2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]" . "A fluorescence detector is a detector that detects material by way of the measurement of the emitted fluorescence light after excitation with light. [Allotrope]" . "fluorescence detector" . . . "true"^^ . "A degasser is a device to remove gasses from a fluid which could otherwise form bubbles. [Wikipedia]" . "degasser" . . . "true"^^ . "ion collector" . "A piece of apparatus that produces an output that depends on the number of ions that it encounters. [CHMO]" . "ion detector" . . . "true"^^ . . . "Murray, K., Boyd, R., Eberlin, M., et al. (2013). Definitions of terms relating to mass spectrometry (IUPAC Recommendations 2013). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 85(7), pp. 1515-1609." . "A mass spectrometer is a measurement device that measures the m/z values and abundances of gas-phase ions. [IUPAC]" . "mass spectrometer" . . . "true"^^ . "SFC device" . "supercritical-fluid chromatography device" . "2019-07-03 Changed alt labels from system to device [Allotrope]" . "A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to tits critical temperature and pressure. [Allotrope]" . "supercritical-fluid chromatograph" . . . "true"^^ . "tubing" . "A tube, or tubing, is a long hollow cylinder used for moving fluids (liquids or gases) or to protect electrical or optical cables and wires. [Wikipedia]" . "tube" . . . "true"^^ . "2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]" . "An electronic absorbance detector is a detector that detects material by way of the electronic absorbance of a electromagnetic ray transmitted through the material. [Allotrope]" . "electronic absorbance detector" . . . . "A syringe is an injection device that is a simple pump consisting of a plunger that fits tightly in a tube. The plunger can be pulled and pushed along inside a cylindrical tube (called a barrel), allowing the syringe to take in and expel a liquid or gas through an orifice at the open end of the tube. [Wikipedia]" . "syringe" . . . "true"^^ . "display device" . "A display is a device or element of an instrument serving to represent information. [Allotrope]" . "display" . . . "true"^^ . "chiller" . "cooler" . "A kind of heat exchanger or radiator designed to remove excess heat. [Wikipedia]" . "cooling device" . . . "true"^^ . "A valve is a plumbing equipment that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. [Wikipedia]" . "valve" . . . "true"^^ . "LC device" . "liquid chromatography device" . "low pressure liquid chromatography device" . "2019-07-03 Changed alt labels from system to device [Allotrope]" . "A liquid chromatograph is a system used to perform bioseparation techniques that are based on interactions of the sample with the mobile and stationary phases. [Allotrope]" . "The system consists of a chromatographic separation unit and a computer running the system control software. The system can be operated in a fully automated manner or in manual mode. It consists of different modules, components, and accessories. [Allotrope]" . "liquid chromatograph" . . . "furnace" . "heater" . "An oven is a device for heating an enclosed space. [Allotrope]" . "oven" . . . "true"^^ . "channel" . "line" . "A solvent channel is a channel where a liquid can flow through. [Allotrope]" . "A quaternary pump has 4 channels." . "solvent channel" . . . "true"^^ . "A long narrow cut or opening. [Allotrope]" . "slit" . . . "A site that is related to a device. [Allotrope]" . "device region" . . . "true"^^ . "heater" . "heating equipment" . "A device used for heating something. [Allotrope]" . "heating device" . . . . "true"^^ . . "Jars are cylindrical containers with wide openings that may be sealed. [Wikipedia]" . "jar" . . . "true"^^ . . "A photometer, generally, is an instrument that measures light intensity or optical properties of solutions or surfaces. [Wikipedia]" . "photometer" . . . "true"^^ . "A pan is a flat container. [Allotrope]" . "pan" . . . "true"^^ . "A mass flow controller is a device that determines the mixture of different materials. [Allotrope]" . "In DVS, the mass flow controller generates the required mixture of dry and saturated gas." . "mass flow controller" . . . "true"^^ . "desktop computer" . "A computer is a general-purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. [Wikipedia]" . "computer" . . . "true"^^ . "PAC, 1989, 61, 1657 (Nomenclature for automated and mechanised analysis (Recommendations 1989))" . "sampling unit" . "A sample is a device that function to sample known amounts of material. [Allotrope]" . "sampler" . . . "true"^^ . "connector" . "A tubing connector is a part used to connect/install tubing, components, and accessories as part of a system flow path configuration. [Allotrope]" . "tubing connector" . . . "true"^^ . "A visible lamp is a light source with a visible wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm. [Allotrope]" . "visible lamp" . . . "true"^^ . "In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance). [Wikipedia]" . "diode" . . . "true"^^ . . . "PAC, 1996, 68, 2223 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996))" . "A lamp is an electromagnatic radiation source of incoherent radiation. [IUPAC]" . "lamp" . . . "true"^^ . "An artifact is a material that is designed and built for a purpose. [Allotrope]" . "artifact" . . . "true"^^ . "analyzer" . "instrument" . "measuring apparatus" . "measuring instrument" . "measuring sensor" . "A device that measures some aspect of reality, such as a quality or the profile of a process. [Allotrope]" . "measurement device" . . . "true"^^ . "regulator" . "A device that has the function to control some quality or process. [Allotrope]" . "controller" . . . "true"^^ . "coupler" . "A device that has the function to couple things. [Allotrope]" . "coupling device" . . . "true"^^ . . "A device that is used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system. [Wikipedia]" . "input device" . . . "true"^^ . "separating device" . "A device that has the function to separate materials. [Allotrope]" . "separation device" . . . "true"^^ . "A transferring device is a device that is designed to transfer material. [Allotrope]" . "transferring device" . . . "true"^^ . "A collecting device is a device that has the function to collect things. [Allotrope]" . "collecting device" . . . "measurement module" . "A measurement component is a component of a measuring system, that does measuring. [Allotrope]" . "The criteria is compromise. Some measurement components can be fully standalone measurement devices used in a component role, but are not typically used as such. A UV spectrometer is an electromagnetic absorbance measuring instrument and an elecctromagnetic absorbance detector has the same function, but it is used as part of a larger system, such as a HPLC-UV system." . "measurement component" . . . "A guiding device is a device that has the function to direct a flow in a specific direction. [Allotrope]" . "guiding device" . . . "A distribution device is a device with the function to distribute a stream into multiple parts. [Allotrope]" . "distribution device" . . . . "chronometer" . "A clock is a measurement device used to measure, keep, and indicate time. [Wikipedia]" . "clock" . . . "workbench" . "A bench is a large table in a workspace or laboratory. [Allotrope]" . "bench" . . . "A placement device is a device that is used to hold or place a material in a defined location. [Allotrope]" . "placement device" . . . "A table is a placement device with a flat top and one or more legs, providing a level surface for placement. [Allotrope]" . "table" . . . "equilibrating function" . "equilibration function" . "To equilibrate is a function which is realized in the process of equilibration. [Allotrope]" . "to equilibrate" . . . "adding function" . "collecting function" . "to add" . "2019-05-17 Changed pref label to align with process hierarchy. [Allotrope]" . "Function to add a member to an aggregate or to bring a flow together. [Allotrope]" . "Solar panels collect ultraviolet sun rays to power small mechanisms. [NIST]" . "to collect" . . . "connecting function" . "connection function" . "To bring two or more flows (material, energy, signal) together. [NIST]" . "to connect" . . . "consuming function" . "consumption function" . "The to consume function is a function that is realized in a process where a participant exists at the start of the process but no longer exists at the end of the process. [Allotrope]" . "to consume" . . . "indicating function" . "To make something known to the user about a flow. [NIST]" . "A small window in the water container of a coffee maker indicates the level of water in the machine. [NIST]" . "to indicate" . . . "true"^^ . "controlling function" . "To alter or govern the size or amplitude of a flow (material, energy, signal). [NIST]" . "to control" . . . "observing function" . "sensing function" . "to observe" . "To sense is a signaling function that is perceiving or becoming aware, of a flow. [NIST]" . "to sense" . . . "fixing function" . "securing function" . "to fix" . "To firmly fix a flow path. [NIST]" . "On a bicycling glove, a Velcro strap secures the human hand in the correct place. [NIST]" . "to secure" . . . "data processing function" . "data transformation function" . "data transforming function" . "to process data" . "To submit information to a particular treatment or method having a set number of operations or steps. [NIST]" . "A computer processes a login request signal before allowing a user access to its facilities. [NIST]" . "to transform data" . . . "integration function" . "to integrate" . "A information processing function that generates integrals on numerical data item. [Allotrope]" . "to integrate (math)" . . . "calculating function" . "calculation function" . "To calculate is a data transformation function to solve problems for numbers or quantities. [Allotrope]" . "to calculate" . . . "supporting function" . "To firmly fix a material into a defined location, or secure an energy or signal into a specific course. [NIST]" . "to support" . . . "cleaning function" . "The material processing function to get rid of dirt, impurities, or extraneous unwanted matter. [Allotrope]" . "to clean" . . . "injecting function" . "injection function" . "The function of a device realized when administering a substance applied particularly to the forcible insertion of a liquid or gas by means of a syringe, pump, etc. [OBI]" . "to inject" . . . "counting function" . "To count is to observe the quantitative number of discrete things. [Allotrope]" . "to count" . . . "detecting function" . "detection function" . "To discover information about the presence of a flow. [NIST]" . "A gauge on the top of a gas cylinder detects proper pressure ranges. [NIST]" . "to detect" . . . "measuring function" . "To determine the magnitude of a flow. [NIST]" . "An analog thermostat measures temperature through a bimetallic strip. [NIST]" . "to measure" . . . "energy transfer function" . "to transfer energy" . "to transmit" . "transmitting energy function" . "To move an energy from one place to another. [NIST]" . "In a hand held power sander, the housing of the sander transmits human force to the object being sanded. [NIST]" . "to transmit energy" . . . "heating function" . "A function that gives thermal energy to a recipient. [Allotrope]" . "to heat" . . . "communicating function" . "communication function" . "To communicate is the function to transferring information from one material entity to another. [Allotrope]" . "to communicate" . . . "pumping function" . "To pump is to transport fluids by suction or pressure or both. [Allotrope]" . "to pump" . . . "display function" . "displaying function" . "To reveal something about a flow to the mind or eye. [NIST]" . "The xyz-coordinate display on a vertical milling machine displays the precise location of the cutting tool. [NIST]" . "to display" . . . "converting a signal function" . "signal conversion function" . "A signal conversion function is an information processor function which transforms a signal into another type of signal. [OBI]" . "A synapse converts electrical action potentials into an intermediate chemical signal. The post synapse converts it back into an electric one passed on to the axon." . "an analog-to-digital_converter" . "to convert a signal" . . . "storing function" . "To accumulate a flow. [NIST]" . "A DC electrical battery stores the energy in a flashlight. [NIST]" . "to store" . . . "cooling function" . "A function to remove thermal energy. [Allotrope]" . "to cool" . . . "consuming energy function" . "energy consumption function" . "To consume energy is the function to consume energy. [Allotrope]" . "to consume energy" . . . "planning function" . "To plan is the function of creating or modifying a plan specification. [OBI]" . "to plan" . . . "true"^^ . "branching function" . "To cause a flow (material, energy or signal) to no longer be joined or mixed. [NIST]" . "to branch" . . . "true"^^ . "separating function" . "separation function" . "To isolate a flow (material, energy, signal) into distinct components. The separated components are distinct from the flow before separation, as well as each other. [NIST]" . "A glass prism separates light into different wavelength components to provide a rainbow. [NIST]" . "to separate" . . . "distributing function" . "distribution function" . "To cause a flow (material, energy, signal) to break up. The individual bits are similar to each other and the undistributed flow. [NIST]" . "An atomizer distributes (or sprays) hair-styling liquids over the head to hold ther hair in the desired style. [NIST]" . "to distribute" . . . "true"^^ . "dividing function" . "To separate a flow. [NIST]" . "A vending machine divides the sold form of coins into appropriate denominations. [NIST]" . "to divide" . . . "removing function" . "To take away a part of a flow from its prefixed place. [NIST]" . "A sander removes small pieces of the wood surface to smooth the wood. [NIST]" . "to remove" . . . "extracting function" . "To draw, or forcibly pullout, a flow. [NIST]" . "A vacuum cleaner extracts depris from the imported mixture and exports clean air to the environment. [NIST]" . "to extract" . . . "sorting function" . "A sort function is a function to distinguish flows based on some associated physical quality or entity and to distribute the separate components into distinct fractions according to a defined order. [Allotrope]" . "to sort" . . . "true"^^ . "channeling function" . "localizing function" . "to channel" . "To cause a flow (material, energy, signal) to move from one location to another location. [NIST]" . "to localize" . . . "exporting function" . "taking function" . "to take" . "To send a flow (material, energy, signal) outside the system boundary. [NIST]" . "Pouring blended food out of a standard blender pitcher exports liquid from the system. [NIST]" . "to export" . . . "true"^^ . "delivering function" . "importing function" . "to deliver" . "To bring in a flow (material, energy, signal) from outside the system boundary. [NIST]" . "A physical opening at the top of a blender pitcher imports a solid (food) into the system. [NIST]" . "to import" . . . "directing function" . "guiding function" . "to direct" . "To direct the course of a flow (material, energy, signal) along a specific path. [NIST]" . "to guide" . . . "allowing DOF function" . "allowing degree of freedom function" . "to allow DOF" . "To control the movement of a flow by a force external to the device into one or more directions. [NIST]" . "to allow degree of freedom" . . . "rotating function" . "To fix the movement of a flow by a device around one axis. [NIST]" . "to rotate" . . . "translating function" . "To fix the movement of the flow by a device into one linear direction. [NIST]" . "to translate" . . . "mixing function" . "To combine two flows (material, energy, signal) into a single, uniform homogeneous mass. [NIST]" . "A shaker mixes a paint base and its dyes to form a homogeneous liquid. [NIST]" . "to mix" . . . "coupling function" . "to bring together" . "To join or bring together flows (material, energy, signal) such that the members are still distinguishable from each other. [NIST]" . "to couple" . . . "coupling function" . "linking function" . "to couple" . "To couple flows together by means of an intermediary flow. [NIST]" . "A turnbuckle links two endsof a steering cable together. [NIST]" . "to link" . . . "coupling function" . "joining function" . "to couple" . "To couple flows together in a predetermined manner. [NIST]" . "A ratchet joins a socket on its square shaft interface. [NIST]" . "to join" . . . "true"^^ . "adjusting function" . "regulating function" . "to adjust" . "To adjust the flow of energy, signal, or material in response to a control signal, such as a characteristic of a flow. [NIST]" . "Turning the valves regulates the flow rate of the liquid flowing from a faucet. [NIST]" . "to regulate" . . . "true"^^ . "actuating function" . "commencing function" . "to commence" . "To commence the flow of energy, signal or material in response to an imported control signal. [NIST]" . "A circuit switch actuates the flow of electrical energy and turns on a light bulb. [NIST]" . "to actuate" . . . "enlarging function" . "increasing function" . "to enlarge" . "To enlarge a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]" . "to increase" . . . "decreasing function" . "reducing function" . "to reduce" . "To reduce a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]" . "to decrease" . . . "true"^^ . "adjusting function" . "changing function" . "to adjust" . "To adjust the flow of energy, signal, or material in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]" . "to change" . . . "enlarging function" . "incrementing function" . "to enlarge" . "To enlarge a flow in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]" . "to increment" . . . "decrementing function" . "reducing function" . "to reduce" . "To reduce a flow in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]" . "to decrement" . . . "forming function" . "molding function" . "shaping function" . "to form" . "to mold" . "To mold or form a flow. [NIST]" . "to shape" . . . "conditioning function" . "To render a flow appropriate for the desired use. [NIST]" . "To prevent damage to electrial equipment, a surge protector conditions electrical energy by excluding spikes and nose (usually through capacitors) from the energy path. [NIST]" . "to condition" . . . "true"^^ . "stopping function" . "To cease, or prevent, the transfer of a flow (material, energy, signal). [NIST]" . "A reflective coating on a window stops the transmission of UV radiation through a window. [NIST]" . "to stop" . . . "preventing function" . "To keep a flow from happening. [NIST]" . "A submerged gate on a dam wall prevents water from flowing to the other side. [NIST]" . "to prevent" . . . "inhibiting function" . "restraining function" . "to restrain" . "To significantly restrain a flow, though a portion of the flow continues to be transferred. [NIST]" . "The structures of space vehicles inhibits the flow of radiation to protect crew and cargo. [NIST]" . "to inhibit" . . . "changing function" . "converting function" . "to change" . "To change from one form of a flow (material, energy, signal) to another. [NIST]" . "For completeness, any type of flow conversion is valid. In practice, conversions such as convert electricity to torque will be more common than convert solid to optical energy. [NIST]" . "An electrical motor converts electricity to rotational energy. [NIST]" . "to convert" . . . "provisioning function" . "To accumulate or provide a material or energy flow. [NIST]" . "to provision" . . . "signaling function" . "To provide information on a material, energy or signal flow as an output signal flow. The information providing flow passes through the function unchanged. [NIST]" . "to signal" . . . "containing function" . "To keep a flow within limits. [NIST]" . "A vacuum bag contains debris vacuumed from a house. [NIST]" . "to contain" . . . "supplying function" . "To provide a flow from storage. [NIST]" . "In a flashlight, the battery supplies energy to the bulb. [NIST]" . "to supply" . . . "tracking function" . "To observe and record data from a flow. [NIST]" . "By tracking the performance of batteries, the low efficiency point can be determined. [NIST]" . "to track" . . . "stabilization function" . "To prevent a flow from changing course or location. [NIST]" . "On a typical canister vacuum, the center of gravity is placed at a low elevation to stabilize the vacuum when it is pulled by the hose. [NIST]" . "to stabilize" . . . "placement function" . "positioning function" . "to place" . "To place a flow (material, energy, signal) into a specific location or orientation. [NIST]" . "The coin slot on a soda machine positions the coin to begin the coin evaluation and transportation procedure. [NIST]" . "to position" . . . "decomposition function" . "To decompose is the function to breakdown a single phase into two or more phases by heating or treatment with acid, alkali or enzymes. [Allotrope]" . "to decompose" . . . "material transport function" . "to transfer material" . "transport function" . "To transport is the function to transfer material. [Allotrope]" . "to transport" . . . "conveying function" . "shifting function" . "to convey" . "to shift" . "transferring function" . "To shift, or convey, a flow (material, energy, signal) from one place to another. [NIST]" . "to transfer" . . . "maintaining function" . "The function to maintain something. [Allotrope]" . "to maintain" . . . "combining function" . "The function to make a whole out of many. [Allotrope]" . "to combine" . . . "The function to bring something into existence. [Allotrope]" . "Only information can be produced in the strict sense, because of physical conservation laws of energy and material, but this is function is a perspective on a system boundaries in the context. [Allotrope]" . "to produce" . . . "sampling function" . "To sample is the function of to take parts or partitions of an object aggregate or data set for the interest for studying it. [Allotrope]" . "to sample" . . . "true"^^ . "matter" . "A material entity that occupies space and possesses a rest mass. [Allotrope]" . "material" . . . . . "A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. [CL]" . "cell" . . . "true"^^ . "A natural material is any product or physical matter that comes from plants, animals, or the ground. Minerals and the metals that can be extracted from them (without further modification) are also considered to belong into this category. [Wikipedia]" . "natural material" . . . "true"^^ . "Energy must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat the object. It can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed. [Wikipedia]" . "According to the annotations on material entity, energy is considered a material entity in BFO" . "energy" . . . "true"^^ . "A form of energy that is transferred between bodies as a result of a temperature difference. [NIST]" . "thermal energy" . . . "true"^^ . "Energy flow generated or required by a translation or virtual translation. [NIST]" . "mechanic translational energy" . . . "true"^^ . "Work resulting from the reactions by which substances are produced from or converted into other substances. [NIST]" . "A battery converts the flow of chemical energy into electical energy." . "chemical energy" . . . "true"^^ . "Work resulting from the flow of electrons from a negative to a positive source. [NIST]" . "electrical energy" . . . "true"^^ . "Energy that results from a rotation or a virtual rotation. [NIST]" . "mechanic rotational energy" . . . "true"^^ . "Work that results from the movement or force of a liquid, including hydrostatic forces. [NIST]" . "hydraulic energy" . . . "true"^^ . "EMR" . "electro-magnetic energy" . "electro-magnetic radiation" . "electromagnetic radiation" . "radiation energy" . "Energy that is propagated through free space or through a material medium in the form of electro-magnetic waves. [NIST]" . "electromagnetic energy" . . . "true"^^ . "Work resulting from a compressed gas. [NIST]" . "pneumatic energy" . . . "true"^^ . . "X-ray" . "A form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength ranging from 0.01 to 10 nanometers. [Wikipedia]" . "X-ray radiation" . . . "true"^^ . . "light" . "Electromagnetic radiation which is visible to the human eye and is responsible for the sense of sight. Visible light is usually defined as having wavelengths in the range of 400\u2013700 nanometers. [Wikipedia]" . "visible light" . . . "true"^^ . . "UV" . "ultraviolet light" . "An electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm. [Wikipedia]" . "ultraviolet radiation" . . . "true"^^ . . "IR" . "infrared" . "infrared light" . "Electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light. It extends from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nanometer, to 1 micrometers. [Wikipedia]" . "infrared radiation" . . . "true"^^ . . "gamma ray" . "\u03B3-ray" . "Electromagnetic radiation of a kind arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei and having wavelengths less than 10 picometers. [Allotrope]" . "gamma radiation" . . . "true"^^ . "Volumetry is a type of quantitative analysis that measures the quantity of a compound by quantifying its volume. [Allotrope]" . "volumetry" . . . "Raman scattering spectrometry" . "Raman scattering spectroscopy" . "Raman spectrometry" . "laser Raman spectroscopy" . "Any type of vibrational spectroscopy where the Raman scattering of monochromatic light, usually from a laser in the visible, near infrared, or near ultraviolet range by a sample is detected. [CHMO]" . "Raman spectroscopy" . . . "true"^^ . "particle size analysis" . "particle size measurement" . "particle sizing" . "The measurement of the size distribution in a collection of grains. [CHMO]" . "granulometry" . . . "true"^^ . "O.D. measurement" . "OD measurement" . "optical densiometry" . "optical densitometry" . "The measurement of the light transmitted through a sample for a given wavelength. [CHMO]" . "optical density measurement" . . . "true"^^ . "zeta potential analysis" . "zeta potential measurement" . "zeta-potential analysis" . "zeta-potential measurements" . "zeta-potential studies" . "\u03B6-potential analysis" . "\u03B6-potential measurement" . "The measurement of the overall charge a particle acquires in a specific medium. A number of different experimental methods can be used including electrophoretic light scattering and laser Doppler velocimetry. [CHMO]" . "zeta-potential measurement" . . . "true"^^ . "A mixing step where a soluble component is mixed with a liquid component. [CHMO]" . "dissolving" . . . "FID" . "flame ionization detection" . "flame ionization process" . "A flame ionization measurement is a measurement which is sensitive to compounds containing C-H bonds. A flow of carrier gas containing the sample is mixed with H2 and air and ignited. Any positively-charged radicals resulting from this process are collected at a cathode, allowing the current to be measured. [CHMO]" . "flame ionization measurement" . . . "true"^^ . "cleansing" . "cleanup" . "Cleaning is the process of getting rid of dirt, impurities, or extraneous unwanted matter. [Allotrope]" . "cleaning" . . . "true"^^ . "LC" . "Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid. [CHMO]" . "liquid chromatography" . . . "true"^^ . "reflectivity measurement" . "Any method for determining structure by directing a beam of particles or X-rays onto an extremely flat surface and measuring the intensity of the reflected radiation as a function of angle. [CHMO]" . "reflectometry" . . . "true"^^ . "SFC" . "Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to its critical temperature and pressure. [CHMO]" . "supercritical-fluid chromatography" . . . "true"^^ . "Vortexing is a process of mixing that creates a vortex in the solution usually using a vortexer. [Allotrope]" . "vortexing" . . . "true"^^ . "The measurement of the pore diameter, pore-size distribution and total pore volume of a sample. [CHMO]" . "porosimetry" . . . . . "PAC, 1993, 65, 819 (Nomenclature for chromatography (IUPAC Recommendations 1993))" . "Fraction collection is the collection of fractional volumes of the column effluent. [IUPAC]" . "fraction collection" . . . "true"^^ . "MAS" . "molecular absorption spectrophotometry" . "molecular electronic absorption spectroscopy" . "A type of spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation in the range ultraviolet to near-infrared (0.1-2.5 \u00B5m) resulting in electronic transitions within the sample. [CHMO]" . "spectrophotometry" . . . "true"^^ . "GC" . "GC run" . "gas chromatography run" . "Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a gas. [CHMO]" . "An instance of gas chromatography can be a single-injection GC run." . "gas chromatography" . . . "true"^^ . "The measurement and study of dimensional changes in polymers as a function of temperature, fluid absorption, mechanical stress or chemical reaction. [CHMO]" . "dilatometry" . . . "An assay that generates data about the presence, quantity, structure, function, behavior, or activity of cells, or a process that occurs at a cellular level of anatomical granularity (includes subcellular structures and organelles). [VIVO-ISF]" . "cellular assay" . . . . "true"^^ . "separation" . "A branching process that isolates flows into distinct component flows. The separated components are distinct from the flow before separation, as well as each other. [NIST]" . "separating" . . . "true"^^ . "A process of creating or modifying a plan specification. [OBI]" . "The process of a scientist thinking about and deciding what reagents to use as part of a protocol for an experiment. Note that the scientist could be human or a robot scientist executing software. [OBI]" . "planning" . . . "true"^^ . . "weighment" . "weight check" . "Weighing is the measuring of weight of an object. Weight related to the amount of force acting on the object, either due to gravity or to a reaction force that holds it in place. [Wikipedia]" . "weighing" . . . "true"^^ . "Peak picking is a data transformation to convert profile spectral data into centroided spectral data. [Allotrope]" . "peak picking" . . . "true"^^ . "conductimetry" . "The measurement of the conductance of a solution as a function of concentration. Measurements are made indirectly across the resistance of the solution with alternating current. [CHMO]" . "conductometry" . . . "true"^^ . "spectroscopy" . "The study of the interaction of a sample with radiation or particles for measurement or detection. [CHMO]" . "spectrometry" . . . . . "IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the \"Gold Book\"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). Online version (2019-) created by S. J. Chalk. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook." . "enthalpimetric analysis" . "enthalpimetry" . "2018-11-01 Changed definition, previous definition: The measurement of thermodynamic parameters (e.g. enthalpy) during a chemical or biochemical reaction. [CHMO]" . "A measurement in which heat is measured as some chemical reaction or physical process occurs. [IUPAC]" . "calorimetry" . . . "true"^^ . "osometry" . "The measurement of the osmotic strength of a substance which often used to determine its molecular weight. [CHMO]" . "osmometry" . . . "true"^^ . "Loading is the addition of a material to a new location. [Allotrope]" . "The loading step of IEF is the mixing of the sample with the appropriate ampholytes and loading the mixture into the capillary. [Allotrope]" . "loading" . . . "true"^^ . "amperometric method" . "An electrochemical technique where the cell current is measured whilst the potential difference between the indicator and reference electrodes is controlled. [CHMO]" . "amperometry" . . . "true"^^ . "Dilution is the process of adding a solvent to a solution to lower its concentration. [Allotrope]" . "dilution" . . . "A heat treatment that alters the microstructure of a material causing changes in its properties such as strength and hardness. [CHMO]" . "annealing" . . . "A purification is a removing process that is used to physically separate an analyte from byproducts, reagents or contaminating substances. [Allotrope, CHMO]" . "purification" . . . "true"^^ . "rheological measurements" . "rheology" . "The study of the flow of fluids which cannot be defined by a single value of viscosity. Rheometry is the measurement of the relationship between deformation and stress for these liquids. [CHMO]" . "rheometry" . . . "true"^^ . "adsorption-desorption" . "adsorption/desorption" . "sorption-desorption" . "sorption/desorption" . "A method for determining surface area by measuring the amount of an inert gaseous or liquid substance (the 'sorbent', usually H2 or N2) which adsorbs onto the surface of interest (the 'sorbate'), and the subsequent amount that desorbs at a constant temperature. Regression analysis is then applied to the data, resulting in an isotherm. [CHMO]" . "sorption-desorption measurements" . . . "true"^^ . . "gravimetric mass measurement" . "Gravimetry is the measurement of the strength of a gravitational field. [Wikipedia]" . "gravimetry" . . . "true"^^ . "voltammetric method" . "An electrochemical technique where the cell current is measured as a function of time and as a function of the potential between the indicator and reference electrodes. [CHMO]" . "voltammetry" . . . "true"^^ . . "detection" . "2018-08-09 Changed definition, removed alt label detection method. [Allotrope]" . "Detecting is observing the presence of an entity. This occurs when a threshold value of a quantity (quality, disposition, process property) is exceeded. [Allotrope]" . "detecting" . . . "true"^^ . "The method used to obtain the integral of a function or curve. [Allotrope]" . "integration" . . . "true"^^ . "peak resolution method" . "peak separation method" . "resolution measurement method" . "Peak separation is a data transformation that allows to distinguish between two peaks. [Allotrope]" . "peak separation" . . . "true"^^ . "Removing data is a data transformation that removes parts from an aggregate of data. [Allotrope]" . "removing data" . . . "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_capture_detector#Gas_chromatograph_detector" . "ECD" . "electron capture detection" . "electron capture dissociation" . "Electron capture measurement is a measurement that is sensitive to electronegative compounds (e.g. halogenated compounds). A beta-particle emitter (e.g. 63Ni) is used to produce an electron beam, which is passed between two electrodes. As the sample is passed through the e-beam, organic functional groups interact with the electrons, interrupting the current. [Allotrope, CHMO]" . "electron capture measurement" . . . "A measurement of the blood, it's contents, cells or other factors contained within the blood. [CMO]" . "blood measurement method" . . . "The determination of the relative strength of a substance (e.g., a drug or hormone or toxicant) by comparing its effect on a test organism with that of a standard preparation. [Wikipedia]" . "biological measurement method" . . . "true"^^ . "optical rotation measurement" . "The measurement of the extent to which a sample interacts with polarized electromagnetic radiation by transmission, reflection, refraction, or diffraction. [CHMO]" . "polarimetry" . . . "true"^^ . "mixing material" . "The combining of components, particles or layers into a more homogeneous state. The mixing may be achieved manually or mechanically by shifting the material with stirrers or pumps or by revolving or shaking the container. The process must not permit segregation of particles of different size or properties. Homogeneity may be considered to have been achieved in a practical sense when the sampling error of the processed portion is negligible compared to the total error of the measurement system. [CHMO]" . "mixing" . . . . . "PAC, 1995, 67, 1699 (Nomenclature in evaluation of analytical methods including detection and quantification capabilities (IUPAC Recommendations 1995)) on page 1701" . "quantitative analysis" . "quantitative determination method" . "A measurement method which obtains the concentration or quantity of a specified substance in an analyte. [CHMO]" . "Analyses in which the amount or concentration of an analyte may be determined (estimated) and expressed as a numerical value in appropriate units. Qualitative analysis may take place without quantitative analysis, but quantitative analysis requires the identification (qualification) of the analytes for which numerical estimates are given. [IUPAC]" . "quantitative analysis assay" . . . "true"^^ . "LSC" . "Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid and the stationary phase is a solid. [CHMO]" . "liquid-solid chromatography" . . . "true"^^ . "Any technique for measuring charge transport. [CHMO]" . "charge transport measurement" . . . "true"^^ . "magnetic susceptibility measurements" . "The measurement of the strength and/or direction of magnetic fields, or the magnetic susceptibility of a sample. [CHMO]" . "magnetometry" . . . "sample taking" . "sampling" . "Sampling material is sampling of a material of interest for studying. [Allotrope]" . "sampling can be both separating or partitioning or a combination of it" . "pulling a small sample outside a bioreactor" . "sampling material" . . . "true"^^ . "A separation method where the components are distributed between two phases, one of which is stationary, while the other moves in a definite direction. [CHMO]" . "chromatography" . . . "2019-09-20 Changed subclassing. [Allotrope]" . "Synthesis is a planned material process that combines, changes or converts material to produce a new material. [Allotrope]" . "synthesis" . . . "true"^^ . "electropermeabilization" . "A method for introducing polar molecules into a host cell through the cell membrane. A large electric pulse (300-400 mV for <1 ms) temporarily disturbs the phospholipid bilayer, allowing molecules like DNA to pass into the cell. [CHMO]" . "electroporation" . . . "formulation" . "The process of formulation allows the preparation of mixtures of components in accordance with a formula and documents the composition. [Allotrope]" . "formulation process" . . . . . "Murray, K., Boyd, R., Eberlin, M., et al. (2013). Definitions of terms relating to mass spectrometry (IUPAC Recommendations 2013). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 85(7), pp. 1515-1609." . "MS" . "mass spectroscopy" . "Mass spectrometry is a spectrometry that studies matter through the formation of gas-phase ions that are characterized using mass spectrometers by their mass, charge, structure, and/or physico-chemical properties. [IUPAC]" . "Mass spectroscopy is an obsolete synonym for mass spectrometry that should not be used to avoid confusion with spectroscopies in which the measured quantity is the absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation. [IUPAC]" . "The term is a misnomer because it is m/z rather than mass that is the independent variable in a mass spectrum. [IUPAC]" . "mass spectrometry" . . . "true"^^ . "The process of making a polymer blend by mechanically mixing different polymers together in the melt. [CHMO]" . "physical blending" . . . "Any method that measures the amount of light that a substance scatters at certain wavelengths, incident angles, and polarization angles. [CHMO]" . "scattering spectroscopy" . . . "The transfer of thermal energy from a material to its surrounding environment. [CHMO]" . "cooling" . . . "true"^^ . "The method to obtain the derivative of a function or curve. [Allotrope]" . "differentiation" . . . "The process of segregation of phases; the separation of suspended solids from a liquid or gas, usually by forcing a carrier gas or liquid through a porous medium. [CHMO]" . "filtration" . . . "true"^^ . "LLC" . "liquid-liquid chromatography" . "Column chromatography where both the mobile phase and the stationary phase are liquids. The stationary phase must be immiscible and insoluble in the mobile phase and is usually supported on a suitable material such as a diatomaceous earth. [CHMO]" . "liquid-liquid chromatography" . . . "Equilibration is the process of bring the state of a system to an equilibrium. [Allotrope]" . "equilibration" . . . "assembly" . "The process of fitting device components together to form a system. [Allotrope]" . "assembling" . . . "true"^^ . "Piece counting is determining the number of objects in an object aggregate. [Allotrope]" . "piece counting" . . . "true"^^ . "The intensive mixing of mutually insoluble phases (sometimes with addition of surfactants) to obtain a soluble suspension or emulsion. [CHMO]" . "homogenization" . . . "true"^^ . "The measurement of the relative permittivity of a solution as a function of concentration. Measurements are made indirectly across the resistance of the solution with alternating current. [CHMO]" . "dielectrometry" . . . "true"^^ . "Any spectroscopic method which probes the electronic degrees of freedom of an atom or molecule. [CHMO]" . "electronic spectroscopy" . . . "true"^^ . "densiometric measurements" . "densiometry" . "densitometric measurements" . "The measurement of the density of a sample. [CHMO]" . "densitometry" . . . "true"^^ . "A preparative step involving the agitation of a solution through circular motion. [CHMO]" . "stirring" . . . "true"^^ . "flushing" . "purging" . "Rinsing is the process of washing quickly a device with a solution. [Allotrope]" . "rinsing" . . . "true"^^ . "fourier transformation" . "The Fourier transformation decomposes a function of time (e.g. a signal) into the frequencies that make it up. [Wikipedia]" . "Fourier transformation" . . . "true"^^ . "aspiration" . "Aspirating is the process of sample preparation that is to draw an amount of a liquid by suction and then expel the liquid. [Allotrope]" . "aspirating" . . . "true"^^ . "measurement of pH" . "pH sensing" . "sensing of pH" . "The measurement of pH is\u00A0the negative logarithm to base ten of the hydrogen ion activity in a solution, this measures the degree of acidity or alkalinity.\u00A0Operationally the pH of a solution X, pH(X), is measured relative to that of a standard reference solution, pH(S), and defined as pH(X) = pH(S) - (E(X) - E(S))/(RT/F)ln 10, where E(X) and E(S) are the electromotive forces measured in cells containing the solution X and the reference solution respectively. [CHMO]" . "pH measurement" . . . "drying" . "sample drying" . "The process of removing a solvent from a substance. [CHMO]" . "drying" . . . "true"^^ . "Washing is a process by which a material entity acting as contaminant (e.g. excess staining reagent) is removed by application of one or more cycles of solution in flow. [CHMO]" . "washing" . . . "true"^^ . "luminescence detection" . "2018-08-09 Changed definition and pref label. [Allotrope]" . "The measurement of luminescence from a material. [Allotrope]" . "luminescence measurement" . . . "The measurement of thermodynamic parameters (e.g. enthalpy) during a chemical or biochemical reaction by the known variation (step-wise or linear) of one variable, whilst a second is kept constant. [CHMO]" . "scanning calorimetry" . . . "true"^^ . "Priming is a type of cleaning that happens at the beginning of a period of time and results in the device being filled with the appropriate reagents. [Allotrope]" . "prime of a cell counter analyzer at the beginning of a day" . "priming" . . . "true"^^ . "Inverting is a sample preparation step of mixing. It is homogenization by switching the y-axis of a sample several times, turning it upside down using a syringe. [Allotrope]" . "inverting" . . . "true"^^ . "An electrochemical technique where the total Coulombs of electricity required to complete (fully oxidize or fully reduce the sample in) an electrochemical reaction is measured. [CHMO]" . "coulometry" . . . "coating method" . "The application of a thin cover to a material. [CHMO]" . "coating" . . . . "ionization method" . "Ionization is a converting chemical reaction by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. [Wikipedia]" . "ionization" . . . "true"^^ . "monitor" . "trend analysis" . "Trending is a process of monitoring that consists of collecting information and identifying underlying patterns. [Allotrope]" . "trending" . . . "true"^^ . "laser interferometry" . "optical interferometry" . "The measurement of the properties of two or more lasers or waves by studying the pattern of interference created by their superposition. [CHMO]" . "interferometry" . . . "true"^^ . "surface tensiometry" . "The measurement of the surface tension of a liquid. [CHMO]" . "tensiometry" . . . . . "IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the \"Gold Book\"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). Online version (2019-) created by S. J. Chalk. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook." . "DSC" . "differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis" . "differential scanning calorimetric analysis" . "Differential scanning calorimetry is a thermal analysis method in which the difference in energy inputs into a substance and a reference material is measured as a function of temperature whilst the substance and reference material are subjected to a controlled temperature program. [IUPAC]" . "differential scanning calorimetry" . . . "true"^^ . "The measurement of the viscosity of fluids by observing the relative motion of the fluid and an object. Viscometry is used to measure the molecular weight of polymers. [CHMO]" . "viscometry" . . . "preconcentration" . "A preparative step where the concentration of one component is increased. [CHMO]" . "concentrating" . . . "true"^^ . "electronic absorbance measuring" . "electronic absorption detection" . "Electronic absorption measurement is a measurement that is based on the absorption of energy by electronic transitions. [Allotrope]" . "Detecting has some overlap with measuring. Usually measuring is the way detecting works, but detection as response from a sensor without quantitation is also possible. [Allotrope]" . "electronic absorbance measurement" . . . "true"^^ . "subculturing" . "In biology, a subculture is a new cell or microbiological culture made by transferring some or all cells from a previous culture to fresh growth medium. This action is called subculturing or passaging the cells. Subculture is used to prolong the life and/or expand the number of cells or microorganisms in the culture. [Wikipedia]" . "passaging" . . . "true"^^ . "TCD" . "thermal conductivity detection" . "thermal conductivity measuring" . "2018-08-09 Moved under measurement, and changed pref label [Allotrope]" . "A measuring that is sensitive to inorganic gases. A hot (450 deg. C) filament is used to heat a carrier gas containing the sample and the difference in thermal conductivity caused by the presence of the sample is measured. [CHMO]" . "thermal conductivity measurement" . . . "clinical measurement" . "A quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or a group of individuals or samples, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation. [CMO]" . "clinical measurement method" . . . "Any technique used to measure the levels of oxygen in a sample. [CHMO]" . "oximetry" . . . "true"^^ . "RI detection" . "RID" . "refractive index detection" . "refractive index measuring" . "2018-08-09 Moved under measurement, and changed pref label [Allotrope]" . "A measuring based on the change in refractive index of a solution. Light is passed through a hollow prism and focused on a photocell. When a liquid containing the sample is allowed to flow through the prism, the light diverges from its original path and the change in intensity and angle of the transmitted light is measured. [CHMO]" . "refractive index measurement" . . . "true"^^ . "The irradiation of a liquid sample with sound (20-20 000 Hz) waves resulting in agitation. Sound waves propagate into the liquid media result in alternating high-pressure (compression) and low-pressure (rarefaction) cycles. During rarefaction, high-intensity sonic waves create small vacuum bubbles or voids in the liquid, which then collapse violently (cavitation) during compression, creating very high local temperatures. [CHMO]" . "sonication" . . . "true"^^ . . "measurement" . "2018-08-09 Changed definition [Allotrope]" . "Measuring is observing a property of an entity called a quantity, that has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference to another entity, and obtaining one or more quantity values for it. The observed entity is a quality or a disposition for a continuant, for a process it is a process property such as duration. [Allotrope]" . "measuring" . . . "true"^^ . "data massaging" . "A term used meaning the processing and manipulation of the spectral data produced for the purposes of improving spectral appearance, change the signal to noise ratio (S/N), or resolution. The term is often collectively used in conjunction with line broadening, sharpening, averaging, smoothing. [Allotrope]" . "data apodization" . . . "true"^^ . "colorimetric method" . "colourimetry" . "The determination of the spectral absorbance of a solution. This method is often used to determine the concentration of a chemical in a solution. [CHMO]" . "colorimetry" . . . "thermal analysis method" . "Thermal analysis is any measurement technique in which a physical property of the sample is measured as a function of temperature. [CHMO]" . "thermal analysis" . . . . "JCGM 200:2008 International vocabulary of metrology \u2014 Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM)" . "Calibration is the comparison of measurement values delivered by a device under test with those of a calibration standard of known accuracy. [Wikipedia]" . "calibration" . . . "true"^^ . "Pipeting transfers a given amount of liquid solution using a pipette, dropper or pipettor. [Allotrope]" . "pipeting" . . . "true"^^ . "The measurement of the velocity of a moving object or medium. [CHMO]" . "velocimetry" . . . "true"^^ . "Ion detection is detecting the presence of ions. [Allotrope]" . "ion detection" . . . . . "IUPAC. Analytical Division. Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature (the Orange Book). Definitive Rules, 1979" . "IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the Gold Book). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A.Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997)." . "K. K. Murray, R. K. Boyd, M. N. Eberlin, G. J. Langley, L. Li and Y. Naito, Pure Appl. Chem., 2013, 85, 1515-1609" . "Mass analysis is a measuring process by which a mixture of ionic or neutral species is identified according to their m/z values (ions), or their aggregate atomic masses (neutrals), and their relative abundances. The analysis may be qualitative and/or quantitative. [IUPAC]" . "mass analysis" . . . "The producing of vapor. [Allotrope]" . "vapor generation" . . . . "true"^^ . "measurement method" . "A planned process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluand, by physically examining it or its proxies. [OBI]" . "assay" . . . "true"^^ . "Dedusting is the process of removal of dust. [Allotrope]" . "dedusting" . . . "Fingerprinting is the process of comparison or overlay of measured spectra with existing reference spectra. [Allotrope]" . "fingerprinting" . . . "The t-test is a process of quantifying the closeness of two sets of data points. It is defined as the ratio of the difference between the means of the two sets divided by the standard error of the difference. [Allotrope]" . "t-test" . . . "closed loop" . "The closed loop uses feedback control for the regulation of the vapor generation. The system continuously detects deviations from the target partial pressure and adjusts the vapor generation correspondingly. [Allotrope]" . "closed loop vapor generation" . . . "true"^^ . "Sieve analysis is a process of particle sizing by filtering particles according to their size through sieves with decreasing pore size. [Allotrope]" . "sieve analysis" . . . "true"^^ . "particle size analysis" . "particle size measurement" . "Particle sizing is an experimental method for the investigation of particle sizes in a sample. [Allotrope]" . "particle sizing" . . . "true"^^ . "Tube breeding is a process of cleaning vacuum tubes in order to remove any impurities. [Allotrope]" . "tube breeding" . . . "true"^^ . "fluorescence assay" . "fluorescence detection" . "fluorescence measurement" . "2018-12-11 Changed labels [Allotrope]" . "An assay in which a materials fluorescence is determined. [VIVO-ISF]" . "fluorimetry" . . . "true"^^ . "Packing is the process of transferring an object into a container as a densely packed phase. [Allotrope]" . "packing a column with the solid phase" . "packing a sample into a ssNMR rotor" . "packing" . . . "true"^^ . "An concentration measurement is the determination of the concentration of a compound in solution. [Allotrope]" . "protein concentration measurement" . "quick slope, linearity measurement, UV measurement in which the cell pathlength is varied. [Allotrope]." . "simple read, i.e. simple measurement at a defined wavelength" . "concentration measurement" . . . "A process that regulates pressure. [Allotrope]" . "pressure control" . . . "A process that regulates a temperature. [Allotrope]" . "temperature control" . . . "A test can be considered a technical operation or procedure that consists of determination of one or more characteristics of a given product, process or service according to a specified procedure. Often a test is part of an experiment. The test result can be qualitative (yes/no), categorical, or quantitative (a measured value). It can be a personal observation or the output of a precision measuring instrument. [Wikipedia]" . "test" . . . "Compression is the act of reducing volume by applying a force. [Allotrope]" . "In the case of tablets it is the act of forming a solid plug from individual powder / granule components." . "compression" . . . "quantitation" . "In mathematics and empirical science, quantification (or quantitation) is the act of counting and measuring that maps human sense observations and experiences into members of some set of numbers. [Wikipedia]" . "quantification" . . . "Data acquisition is the process of sampling signals that measure real world physical conditions and converting the resulting samples into digital numeric values that can be manipulated by a computer. [Wikipedia]" . "data acquisition" . . . "true"^^ . . "A chemical structure determination includes a chemist's specifying the molecular geometry and, when feasible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solid. [Wikipedia]" . "structure determination" . . . "true"^^ . "quality profile" . "A quality process profile is a process profile that covers the change of a quality of an independent continuant that is participant of the profiles process. [Allotrope]" . "suggested by Barry see comments on process profile" . "quality process profile" . . . "true"^^ . "computation" . "computing" . "A calculation is a process by which a data transformation technique that involves problem solving for numbers or quantities is performed. [Allotrope]" . "calculation" . . . "true"^^ . "Drawing is the process by which an object or liquid is extracted from a container or receptacle. [Allotrope]" . "drawing" . . . "true"^^ . "The process boundary when the process ends. [Allotrope]" . "end" . . . "true"^^ . "A peak analysis is a data transformation on a peak that analyzes peak facets. [Allotrope]" . "peak analysis" . . . "true"^^ . "A ratio calculation is the process of performing the mathematical exercise of dividing a quotient of one quantity by another quotient to demonstrate the quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within the other. [Allotrope]" . "ratio calculation" . . . "true"^^ . "Specifying is a process that produces an information object which describes constraints or objectives on characteristics like qualities, functions, dispositions, facets of continuants or processes. [Allotrope]" . "specifying" . . . "true"^^ . "observation" . "sensing" . "Observation is the active acquisition of information from a primary source. In living beings, observation employs the senses. [Wikipedia]" . "observing" . . . "being contained" . "The state of keeping a flow within spatial limits. [Allotrope]" . "A vacuum bag contains debris vacuumed from a house. [NIST]" . "containing state" . . . "true"^^ . "deliver" . "transmitting" . "Transferring is channeling a flow (material, energy, signal) from one place to another. [NIST]" . "transferring" . . . "true"^^ . "transferring signal" . "transmitting signal" . "Communicating is transferring information from one material entity to another. This can be by way of a material or energy connecting the entity or by transporting the material bearing the information between the locations. [Allotrope]" . "communicating" . . . . "true"^^ . "creating" . "creation" . "production" . "A process where some new material entity or information content entity does not exists at the start of the process but is existing at the end by way of the process. [Allotrope]" . "Producing is dependent on the granularity and perspective. Many producing processes are converting processes in a different granulary or perspective." . "producing" . . . "consumption" . "A process where a essential material entity participant ceases to exist at the end and it was existing at the start. [Allotrope]" . "needs FOL for full axiomization" . "consuming" . . . "collecting energy" . "energy consumption" . "Consuming energy is a consuming that consumes energy. [Allotrope]" . "consuming energy" . . . "energy production" . "Producing energy is the producing of energy (from an unspecified energy source). [Allotrope]" . "This is a black box perspective on the process only focussing on the energy flow out of the system. Within the system, this is a conversion process because of the physical laws of conservation. [Allotrope]" . "producing energy" . . . "The process of copying the information in a signal into a persistent information bearer. [Allotrope]" . "recording" . . . "The process boundary when the process starts. [Allotrope]" . "start" . . . "material selection" . "The partitioning of some object aggregate. [Allotrope]" . "Selection does not necessarily involve physical separation." . "selecting" . . . "Referencing is the process of mentioning or referring to an entity by using a denotation of the entity. [Allotrope]" . "referencing" . . . "material maintenance" . "Maintaining is a regulating process that keeps some or all of the characteristics of a material over time within a specification. [Allotrope]" . "maintaining" . . . "true"^^ . "disconnecting" . "The process of causing a flow to no longer be topologically connected. [NIST]" . "1 input flow to n output flows" . "For data flows, branching does not mean that the input flow fully ceases to exist. [Allotrope]" . "branching" . . . "true"^^ . "partioning" . "portioning" . "splitting" . "Dividing is a separating of flows focused on all parts of the flow. [Allotrope]" . "dividing" . . . "true"^^ . "Separating by drawing, or forcibly pulling out, a flow that is of a different kind than that of the input flow. [Allotrope, NIST]" . "A vacuum cleaner extracts debris from the imported mixture and exports clean air to the environment. [NIST]" . "extracting" . . . "true"^^ . "channeling" . "localization" . "spatial process" . "A processing that affects the spatial location or orientation of some participants. [Allotrope]" . "localizing" . . . "true"^^ . "Importing is a channeling that brings in a flow (material, energy, signal) from outside of a boundary to the inside. [Allotrope, NIST]" . "importing" . . . "true"^^ . "Exporting is a channeling that sends a flow (material, energy, signal) from inside of a boundary to the outside. [Allotrope, NIST]" . "exporting" . . . "true"^^ . "directing the course" . "Guiding is directing the course of a flow (material, energy, signal) along a specific path. [Allotrope, NIST]" . "guiding" . . . "true"^^ . "Connecting is bringing two or more topological flows into connection. [Allotrope, NIST]" . "n input flows to 1 output flow" . "connecting" . . . "Coupling is connecting together material such that the members are still distinguishable from each other. [NIST]" . "coupling" . . . "Joining is the direct coupling of flows without any intermediary flow. [Allotrope]" . "joining" . . . "Linking is coupling flows together by means of an intermediary flow. [NIST]" . "linking" . . . "true"^^ . "Controlling is changing or regulating a flow in its magnitude. [NIST, Allotrope]" . "controlling" . . . "true"^^ . "activating" . "starting" . "switching on" . "turning on" . "Actuating is the process of commencing the flow of energy, signal, or material in response to an imported control signal. [NIST]" . "actuating" . . . "true"^^ . "Regulating material is adjusting a quality of material in response to a control signal. [Allotrope]" . "regulating the temperature" . "regulating material" . . . "forming" . "molding" . "Shaping is changing the material in regard to spatial form. [Allotrope]" . "shaping" . . . "decrementing magnitude" . "Decrementing is reducing the magnitude of a quality in a predetermined and fixed manner. [Allotrope]" . "decrementing" . . . "incrementing magnitude" . "Incrementing is enlarging the magnitude of a quality in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]" . "incrementing" . . . "A process boundary based on some physical characteristics at the start or end of some process changing these characteristics. [Allotrope]" . "achievement" . . . "A non-cumulative process (event) that is non-atomic. [DOLCE]" . "leaving a place" . "An accomplishment is the process of what is coming out instead of what is going on. (Aristoteles kinesis vs. energeia). [Allotrope]" . "accomplishment" . . . "true"^^ . "A state is a homomeric, cumulative process in which all the temporal parts are described by the same expression used for the whole. [Allotrope]" . "corroding" . "state" . . . . "collection" . "The act of gathering things together; having been brought together in one place. [NCI]" . "collecting" . . . "Arrival is the archivement of reaching the destination site in a moving process. [Allotrope]" . "arrival" . . . "keeping separated" . "A spatial change processing the increases the spatial distance from the start. [Allotrope]" . "repelling" . . . "staying in place" . "A state when material object keeps its spatial location and orientation. [Allotrope]" . "resting state" . . . "keeping close" . "A spatial change state the decreases the spatial distance at the end. [Allotrope]" . "attracting" . . . "true"^^ . "A process that affects the topological connectedness or parthood of two or more flows. [Allotrope]" . "mereotopological process" . . . "distributing" . "distribution" . "A processing that causes a flow to break up into disconnected partitions. The individual bits are similar to each other and the undistributed material. [Allotrope]" . "partitioning" . . . "A state of keeping two materials topologically disconnected by a separation medium. [Allotrope]" . "blocking" . . . "Departure is the archivement of leaving the source site in a moving process. [Allotrope]" . "departure" . . . "true"^^ . "orienting" . "spatial alignment" . "An achievement that aims for a specific the spatial location and orientation of a material entity. [Allotrope]" . "positioning" . . . "transducing" . "Changing from one form of a flow energy to another. [NIST]" . "A motor converts energy into mechanical energy." . "converting energy" . . . "incrementing energy" . "loading" . "Increasing the amount of energy in a system. [Allotrope]" . "charging" . . . "decrementing energy" . "unloading" . "discharging" . . . "true"^^ . "deactivating" . "impeding" . "turning off" . "Stopping it the process of ceasing or preventing the transfer of a flow. [NIST]" . "A reflective coating on a window stops the transmission of UV radiation through a window. [NIST]" . "stopping" . . . "true"^^ . "importing signal" . "A process that transports a signal across a system boundary into the system. [Allotrope]" . "receiving" . . . "exporting signal" . "A process that transports a signal across a system boundary out of the system. [Allotrope]" . "sending" . . . "The state of perceiving or becoming aware of a signal. [Allotrope]" . "sensing state" . . . "The process of transforming a signal into a visual signal (color, pattern). [Allotrope]" . "displaying" . . . "The achievement that a signal has left a source in an information transmission. [Allotrope]" . "emission" . . . "fixing" . "securing" . "supporting" . "A state of supporting a material to stay in a location or orientation. [Allotrope]" . "holding in place" . . . "The accomplishment that a transferred signal reaches at its designated target. [Allotrope]" . "reception" . . . "true"^^ . "A rate profile is a process profile, which are the targets ratios of determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time. [Allotrope]" . "rate profile" . . . "true"^^ . "A cyclic rate profile is a rate profile of a process that follows a cyclic pattern. [Allotrope]" . "cyclic rate profile" . . . "A state s with participating materials m1 and m2, and m1 is not connected to m2. [Allotrope]" . "disconnected state" . . . "true"^^ . "being connected" . "is connected" . "A state s with participating materials m1 and m2 and m1 is connected to m2. [Allotrope]" . "connected state" . . . "The state of material becoming liquid from a solid. [Allotrope]" . "melting" . . . "The state of material becoming solid from liquid. [Allotrope]" . "solidifying" . . . "flowing" . "A state when material is changing its position in space. [Allotrope]" . "moving" . . . "The state when the role of a signal is realized independent of any other material entity that may sense (perceive) the signal. [Allotrope]" . "indicating state" . . . "signal acquisition" . "The process of sensing signals and recording the information in the signals. [Allotrope]" . "tracking" . . . "Sorting is the dividing of material by an ordering criteria. [Allotrope]" . "sorting material" . . . "removal" . "Taking away a part of a flow from its prefixed place. [NIST]" . "removing" . . . "true"^^ . "assembling" . "Combining is the building of a whole out of parts. [Allotrope]" . "combining" . . . "energizing" . "providing energy" . "supplying energy" . "State of making energy available for a consumer. [Allotrope]" . "energizing state" . . . "true"^^ . "Regulating is the adjusting of a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]" . "Turning the valves regulates the flow rate of the liquid flowing from a faucet. [NIST]" . "regulating" . . . "true"^^ . "modifying" . "Changing is a processing by which an entity gains or looses parts, qualities, roles, dispositions, functions etc in a predetermined and fixed manner but maintains its identity. [Allotrope]" . "changing" . . . "Indicating is signaling to make something known to the user about a flow. [NIST]" . "indicating" . . . "analysis" . "analyte assay" . "An assay with the objective to capture information about the presence, concentration or amount of an analyte in the evaluand. [OBI]" . "analysis assay" . . . "true"^^ . "Assessing is evaluating or estimating a quality or behavior. [Allotrope]" . "assessing" . . . "true"^^ . "Image analysis is the discovering of patterns in an image that are correlated to qualities of the material entity the image represents or of abstract patterns. [Allotrope]" . "image analysis" . . . "true"^^ . "A measurement that targets the temperature of some material entity. [Allotrope]" . "temperature measurement" . . . "storing" . "Storing is containing or collecting flows to accumulate. [NIST]" . "storing state" . . . "true"^^ . "producing signal" . "Signaling is the process of providing information on a material, energy or signal flow as an output signal. [NIST]" . "signaling" . . . "supplying" . "A supplying state is a providing state that makes energy or material available for processing or consumption. [Allotrope]" . "In a flashlight, the battery supplies energy to the bulb. [NIST]" . "supplying state" . . . "Consuming signal is consuming of signals. [Allotrope]" . "consuming signal" . . . "true"^^ . "An assay that examines physical qualities of material. [Allotrope]" . "physical characterization assay" . . . "providing" . "Providing is the state of accumulating or supplying a material or energy flow. [NIST]" . "providing state" . . . "collecting" . "A storing state that brings a flow together at one place. [NIST]" . "Solar panels collect ultraviolet sun rays to power small mechanisms. [NIST]" . "collecting state" . . . "true"^^ . "Converting is a process that changes from one form of a flow (material, energy, signal) to another. [NIST]" . "converting" . . . "true"^^ . "Changing from one form of a flow material to another. [NIST]" . "converting material" . . . "true"^^ . . "Interpolation is the constructing new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points. [Wikipedia]" . "interpolation" . . . "true"^^ . "A peak analysis that determines the peak height following a specified algorithm. [Allotrope]" . "peak height analysis" . . . "true"^^ . "A peak analysis that determines the peak width following a specified algorithm. [Allotrope]" . "peak width analysis" . . . "true"^^ . "adding" . "summing" . "Totaling is the calculation of a sum or an integral. [Allotrope]" . "totaling" . . . "Sorting is distributing flows based on some associated physical quality or entity into distinct fractions according to a defined order. [Allotrope]" . "sorting" . . . "exporting material" . "taking material" . "Taking material is the exporting of material from a location or site. [Allotrope]" . "taking" . . . "true"^^ . "Pumping is a material transport of fluids by suction or pressure or both. [Allotrope]" . "pumping" . . . "true"^^ . "aggregating data" . "collecting data" . "data aggregation" . "A data transformation that assigns some data to a collection. [Allotrope]" . "data collection" . . . "true"^^ . "Ordering data is the process of arranging data items systematically. [Allotrope]" . "ordering data" . . . "Denoting is a process that assigns a symbol to an entity in order to reference it. [Allotrope]" . "denoting" . . . "true"^^ . "Describing is a process by which an account of some relevant characteristics, qualities or events of an entity are given or presented. [Allotrope]" . "describing" . . . "Identifying is recognizing an entity by some criteria and assigning an identifier to the entity. [Allotrope]" . "identifying" . . . "true"^^ . "Indexing is the process of organizing data according to a specific plan, usually to streamline data retrieval. [Allotrope]" . "assigning a sequence of numbers to data items" . "indexing" . . . . "reflecting" . "Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. [Wikipedia]" . "reflection" . . . . "regular reflection" . "Specular reflection is the mirror-like reflection of waves, such as light, from a surface. In this process, each incident ray is reflected, with the reflected ray having the same angle to the surface normal as the incident ray. [Wikipedia]" . "specular reflection" . . . . "Diffuse reflection is the reflection of light or other waves or particles from a surface such that a ray incident on the surface is scattered at many angles rather than at just one angle as in the case of specular reflection. An ideal diffuse reflecting surface is said to exhibit Lambertian reflection, meaning that there is equal luminance when viewed from all directions lying in the half-space adjacent to the surface. [Wikipedia]" . "diffuse reflection" . . . . "Scattering is a general physical process where some forms of radiation, such as light, sound, or moving particles, are forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by one or more paths due to localized non-uniformities in the medium through which they pass. [Wikipedia]" . "scattering" . . . . "deflection" . "A deflection, in physics, refers to the change in an objects' acceleration as a consequence of contact (collision) with a surface or the influence of a field. [Wikipedia]" . "deflecting" . . . "Significantly restraining a flow, though a portion of the flow continues to be transferred. [NIST]" . "The structures of space vehicles inhibits the flow of radiation to protect crew and cargo." . "inhibiting" . . . "Keeping a flow from happening. [NIST]" . "A submerged gate on a dam wall prevents water from flowing to the other side. [NIST]" . "preventing" . . . "true"^^ . "data processing" . "2019-09-09 Add alt label 'data processing'. [Allotrope]" . "A converting process that converts the signals from one form into another by changing its content. [Allotrope]" . "data transformation" . . . "comparison" . "The observation or assessment of the similarities or dissimilarities between two things. [Allotrope]" . "comparing" . . . "Assigning is the producing of an assignment that asserts some relation between entities. [Allotrope]" . "assigning" . . . "peak assigning" . "peak assignment" . "2018-08-01 Changed label and definition" . "Peak identification is an assigning of a peak to an analyte or portion of an analyte of interest. [Allotrope]" . "peak identification" . . . "true"^^ . "Peak detection is a data transformation that finds peaks in a data distribution function. [Allotrope]" . "peak detection" . . . "true"^^ . "An activity is a process that is cumulative but not homomeric. [Allotrope, DOLCE]" . "Same as process in DOLCE. [Allotrope]" . "activity" . . . "Containing is the state of keeping an object in the inside of a cavity. [Allotrope]" . "containing" . . . "A measuring that targets the number density. [Allotrope]" . "number density measurement" . . . "Sampling is the process of taking parts or partitions of an object aggregate or data set for the interest for studying it. [Allotrope]" . "sampling" . . . "Sampling data is sampling on a set of data items. [Allotrope]" . "sampling data" . . . . "Descriptive statistics is the process of using and analyzing descriptive statistics. A descriptive statistic is a summary statistic that quantitatively describes or summarizes features of a collection of information. [Wikipedia]" . "descriptive statistics" . . . . "inference" . "Inferring is a process that produces logical consequences by steps of reasoning, moving from premises. [Wikipedia]" . "inferring" . . . . "Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to deduce properties of an underlying probability distribution. [Wikipedia]" . "statistical inference" . . . "labeling" . "Marking is changing some quality of a material so that it concretizes a symbol. [Allotrope]" . "marking a square on the board" . "modifying a sample to be a marker" . "marking" . . . "Dispersed state is a state of a system in which discrete particles of one material are dispersed in a continuous phase of another material. [Allotrope]" . "dispersed state" . . . "Degradation is the state of changing in the qualities of a material under the influence of one or more environmental factors such as heat, light or chemicals such as acids, alkalies and some salts to a lower level of quality. [Allotrope]" . "degradation" . . . "approval" . "approval process" . "Approving is agreeing to a proposition or accepting something as satisfactory towards an set objective. [Allotrope]" . "approving" . . . "Deciding is making a choice from a set of alternatives. [Allotrope]" . "deciding" . . . "A signing is attaching a signature to an information content entity. The signature is an identifier for the agent doing the signing. [Allotrope]" . "signing" . . . "submission" . "Submitting is the transferring of a material or information from a sender (the submitter) to a receiver with the intent that the receiver acts on the transferred entity towards an objective stated by the submitter. [Allotrope]" . "the submitting of a report for approval" . "the submitting of a sample for analysis" . "submitting" . . . . "Shortening a passage or a write-up without changing its meaning but by using different words and sentences. [Wikipedia]" . "summarizing" . . . . "reducing data" . "Data reduction is the transformation of numerical or alphabetical digital information derived empirically or experimentally into a corrected, ordered, and/or simplified form. [Wikipedia]" . "data reduction" . . . "Data aggregation is a data reduction that applies an aggregating function on the data to produce an aggregated (summary) datum from a collection of data items. [Allotrope]" . "averaging" . "totaling a sum" . "data aggregation" . . . "Averaging is the calculation of a mean statistic or a temporal average value. [Allotrope]" . "averaging" . . . "detecting" . "is detecting" . "A detecting state is a state that occurs when a detector detects its detection target. [Allotrope]" . "detecting state" . . . "executing" . "executing state" . "is executing" . "is running" . "running" . "A running state is a state during which a device or service performs its specified function in normal operation. [Allotrope]" . "running state" . . . "injection" . "Injecting is the forceful loading of a fluid into the interior of some other object. [Allotrope]" . "injecting" . . . "idle" . "is idle" . "An idle state is a state during which a device or service waits for being started to execute a planned process. [Allotrope]" . "idle state" . . . "completed" . "is completed" . "A completed state is a state during which a planned process has run to completion and the device or service is waiting for a reset that cause the state to change to an idle state. [Allotrope]" . "completed state" . . . "is paused" . "paused" . "A paused state is a state during which a device or service waits for being resumed to continue a planned process. [Allotrope]" . "paused state" . . . "aborted" . "is aborted" . "An aborted state is a state during which a planned process has run to completion in an abnormal way and the device or service is waiting for a reset that cause the state to change to an idle state. [Allotrope]" . "aborted state" . . . "is stopped" . "stopped" . "A completed state is a state during which a planned process has run to an end and the device or service is waiting for a reset that cause the state to change to an idle state. [Allotrope]" . "stopped state" . . . "held" . "is held" . "A held state is a state during which a device or service waits for a longer time e.g. for maintenance. [Allotrope]" . "held state" . . . "A process state is a state where a device or service is executing a planned process or is in a specific configuration. [Allotrope]" . "The subclasses follow the model of ISA-S88. [Allotrope]" . "These classes are mainly used in procedure specifications or conditions. [Allotrope]" . "process state" . . . "Monitoring is an observing of a quality important for the successful and/or safe operation of a controlled process. [Allotrope]" . "monitoring" . . . "time domain zero filling" . "zero filling" . "zero padding" . "Time domain zero padding is a data transformation used in fourier transformation by padding the time domain with zero values. [Allotrope]" . "time domain zero padding" . . . "being coated" . "is coated" . "Coated state is the connected state when a substance covers the surface of another substance. [Allotrope]" . "coated state" . . . "duration measurement" . "duration measuring" . "time measuring" . "A time measurement is a measurement of the duration of some process which is a quantification of the magnitude of the time region between the start and the end of the process in relation to some recurring process involving a clock. [Allotrope]" . "time measurement" . . . "calibration" . "Analyte calibration is producing a calibration curve from measurements of known amounts of analyte that will be used as measurement function for the measurement of unknown amounts of analytes. [Allotrope]" . "analyte calibration" . "This is not to be confused with calibration [AFP_0002389], which is the calibration of a measurement device. [Allotrope]" . . . . "Nebulizing is converting by of breaking up solutions and suspensions into small aerosol droplets. [Wikipedia]" . "nebulizing" . . . "Background correction is a data transformation designed to remove irrelevant contributions from the measured signal, e.g. those due to instrument noise or sample preparation. [BAO]" . "background correction" . . . . "Data extraction is a data transformation process whereby specific data is taken out of a larger set of data and presented in a usable format. [Allotrope]" . "data extraction" . . . . "true"^^ . "factor" . "fraction" . "proportion" . "relative amount" . "A ratio is a relational quality that is the proportion of the magnitude of two qualities of the same kind. [Allotrope]" . "ratio" . . . . "true"^^ . "The inner diameter is the diameter of the inside of a device. [Allotrope]" . "opening of the soller slit" . "inner diameter" . . . . "true"^^ . "Quality of a material entity of cylindrical or tubular shape which describes its length along its main (non-circular) dimension. [Allotrope]" . "cylinder length" . . . "true"^^ . "granularity (material)" . "Quality of an independent continuant which describes the dimensions of an individual particle. [Allotrope]" . "particle size" . . . . "A quality that is the extent of space between two entities. [PATO]" . "distance" . . . "configuration" . "device setting" . "setting" . "2018-12-05 Changed pref label [Allotrope]" . "A device configuration is a range of determinate quality or combination of qualities that are present in some part of the device that influence participants in some of the functions of the device including the device itself. [Allotrope]" . "detector wavelength is a device configuration of a specific detector assembly, e.g. optical filters or of a controller in the detector to detect certain ranges of wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum" . "device configuration" . . . "Quality of a bearer which describes the bearer's efficiency in terms of useful output energy. [Allotrope]" . "heat rate" . . . "Quality of velocity inhering in a bearer which is traveling in a straight line, meaning its direction is not changing. [Allotrope]" . "linear velocity" . . . "A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its rotational force. [Allotrope]" . "torque" . . . "voltage" . "2019-09-20 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]" . "A quality which inheres in an independent continuant which has a difference in electric potential energy between two points per unit electric charge. [Wikipedia]" . "voltage (quality)" . . . "current" . "2019-09-20 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]" . "A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to conduct an electrical charge. [Allotrope]" . "current (quality)" . . . "A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its material properties pertaining to temperature. [Allotrope]" . "thermal quality" . . . . . "A conductivity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to spontaneous transfer of thermal energy from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. [Wikipedia]" . "thermal conductivity" . . . "thermal capacity" . "A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its resistance or ability to change its temperature based on a change to the heat added or removed from said object (ratio of head added or removed from an object to the resulting temperature change). [Wikipedia]" . "heat capacity" . . . "A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its emissivity, which is defined as a material's effectiveness in emitting energy as thermal radiation. [Wikipedia]" . "radiative emissivity" . . . "true"^^ . "PAC, 1990, 62, 2167 (Glossary of atmospheric chemistry terms (Recommendations 1990))" . "PAC, 1996, 68, 2223 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996))" . "absorbance" . "Absorbance is the logarithm of the ratio of intensities of electromagnetic radiation on both sides of a medium that the radiation passes through. Lambert-Beer's law states that absorbance is equal to the product of molar coefficient of absorbance of an absorbing compound in a medium times its concentration in the medium times path length of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the medium. [Allotrope]" . "absorbance (quality)" . . . "focal distance" . "A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how strongly the bearer converges or diverges light. [Wikipedia]" . "focal length" . . . . . "PAC, 2007, 79, 293 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry, 3rd edition (IUPAC Recommendations 2006))" . "reflectance factor" . "reflectivity" . "Reflectance is an optical quality that is the fraction of incident radiation reflected by a surface or discontinuity. [IUPAC]" . "reflectance" . . . . "electromagnetic radiation quality" . "A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. [Wikipedia]" . "electrical and magnetic quality" . . . "electric resistance" . "resistance" . "2019-09-20 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]" . "Quality of a object or substance with the property of resisting opposing the flow of an electrical current. [NCI]" . "electric resistance (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . "material state" . "A state of matter is a quality of material that is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many other states are known to exist only in extreme situations, such as Bose-Einstein condensates, neutron-degenerate matter, and quark-gluon plasma, which only occur in situations of extreme cold, extreme density, and extremely high-energy color-charged matter respectively. [Wikipedia]" . "state of matter" . . . "true"^^ . "solid state of matter" . "A state of matter, in which particles are closely packed together. The forces between particles are strong so that the particles cannot move freely but can only vibrate. As a result, a solid has a stable, definite shape, and a definite volume. Solids can only change their shape by force, as when broken or cut. [Wikipedia]" . "solid" . . . "true"^^ . "liquid state of matter" . "A state of matter that is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. [Wikipedia]" . "liquid" . . . "true"^^ . "gaseous" . "gaseous state of matter" . "A state of matter that is a compressible fluid. Not only will a gas conform to the shape of its container but it will also expand to fill the container. In a gas, the molecules have enough kinetic energy so that the effect of intermolecular forces is small (or zero for an ideal gas), and the typical distance between neighboring molecules is much greater than the molecular size. A gas has no definite shape or volume, but occupies the entire container in which it is confined. [Wikipedia]" . "gas" . . . "true"^^ . "plasma state of matter" . "A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its plasma is a state of matter, that is, it does not have definite shape or volume. Unlike gases, plasmas are electrically conductive, produce magnetic fields and electric currents, and respond strongly to electromagnetic forces. Positively charged nuclei swim in a \"sea\" of freely-moving disassociated electrons, similar to the way such charges exist in conductive metal. [Wikipedia]" . "plasma" . _:genid1 . _:genid1 . _:genid2 . _:genid2 _:genid1 . _:genid3 _:genid2 . _:genid3 . . _:genid3 . "true"^^ . . "Shear modulus is a ratio of shear stress to the shear strain. It is a quantity for measuring the stiffness of materials. The shear modulus is concerned with the deformation of a material. [Wikipedia]" . "shear modulus" . . . "true"^^ . "zero shear modulus" . "A zero shear modulus is a determinate shear modulus with zero magnitude. [Allotrope]" . "shear modulus of zero magnitude" . . . "true"^^ . "supercritical fluid state of matter" . "A gaseous state of matter in which temperature and pressure are above the critical temperature and critical pressure. In this state, the distinction between liquid and gas disappears. [Wikipedia]" . "supercritical fluid" . . . "true"^^ . "gel state of matter" . "A gel is a solid state of matter of jelly-like material that can have properties ranging from soft and weak to hard and tough. Gels are defined as a substantially dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow when in the steady-state. By weight, gels are mostly liquid, yet they behave like solids due to a three-dimensional cross-linked network within the liquid. [Wikipedia]" . "gel" . . . "true"^^ . "A particle size above one micrometer is a determinate quality of particle size that has a determinate magnitude of greater that one micrometer. Magnitude of particle size can be measured in different ways such as based on diameter of spherical objects. [Allotrope]" . "particle size above one micrometer" . . . "true"^^ . "Exact mass is a quality of mass of an isotopic species that is obtained by summing the masses of the individual isotopes of the molecule. [Wikipedia]" . "exact mass" . . . "Thermodynamic property of a real gas that, if substituted for the pressure or partial pressure in the equations for an ideal gas, gives equations applicable to the real gas. [Wikipedia]" . "fugacity" . . . . "Property that inheres in an independent continuant having to do with sound or hearing. [NCI]" . "acoustic quality" . . . "Frequency response is the quantitative measure of the output spectrum of a system or device in response to a stimulus, and is used to characterize the dynamics of the system. It is a measure of magnitude and phase of the output as a function of frequency, in comparison to the input. [Wikipedia]" . "frequency response" . . . . "An unintended or unpleasant sound that emanates from a device. [NCI]" . "audible device noise" . . . "A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the geometrical orientation of the oscillations of a transverse wave. [Allotrope]" . "polarization" . . . "true"^^ . "D. Schulze: Powders and Bulk Solids, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg (2008)." . "Flowability is the quality of material to move by flow. [Allotrope]" . "flowability" . . . "Friction is a quality of an object which is resisting the force the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements produce when sliding against each other. [Wikipedia]" . "friction" . . . "Amount of substance is a quality inhered in a portion of material that is a size that is proportional to the number of elementary entities present. [Allotrope]" . "amount of substance" . . . "true"^^ . . . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . "IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the \"Gold Book\") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006\u2013) \"mass concentration\". doi:10.1351/goldbook.M03713" . "mass concentration" . "2018-12-17 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "Mass concentration is a concentration that is defined as the mass of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. [IUPAC]" . "mass concentration (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . "amount concentration" . "amount of substance concentration" . "molar concentration" . "molarity" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "Amount concentration is the ratio of molar amount of a substance divided by volume of mixture containing the amount of substance. [Allotrope]" . "amount concentration (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . "PAC, 1996, 68, 957 (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))" . "The volume fraction is a fraction pertaining the volume of a constituent divided by the total volume of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]" . "volume fraction" . . . "true"^^ . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . "A fraction is the ratio of one constitutent (part) to all constituents of a mixture. [Allotrope]" . "fraction" . . . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . "PAC, 1996, 68, 957 (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))" . "The mass fraction is a fraction pertaining the mass of a constituent divided by the total mass of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]" . "mass fraction" . . . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . "PAC, 1996, 68, 957 (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))" . "mole fraction" . "The amount fraction is the ratio of the amount of a constituent divided by the total amount of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]" . "amount fraction" . . . "true"^^ . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . "volume concentration" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "Volume concentration is a concentration that is defined as the volume of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. [Allotrope]" . "volume concentration (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . . . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . "PAC, 1996, 68, 957 (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))" . "number concentration" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "Number concentration is a concentration defined by number of entities of a constituent in a mixture divided by the volume of the mixture. [IUPAC]" . "number concentration (quality)" . . . . . "The dilution ratio is the ratio of solute to solvent. [Wikipedia]" . "dilution ratio" . . . . . "DF" . "Dilution factor is the ratio of the aliquot volume to the final volume. [Wikipedia]" . "dilution factor" . . . "count" . "size" . "The amount is the quality of a whole that is the number of entities that are part of the whole. [Allotrope]" . "amount" . . . . "Number density is a quality of the amount of countable objects per units size. [Allotrope]" . "number density" . . . "partial pressure of oxygen" . "pO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen gas dissolved in a solution. [Allotrope]" . "pO2" . . . "partial pressure of carbon dioxide" . "pCO2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in a solution. [Allotrope]" . "pCO2" . . . "signal setting" . "A signal configuration is a device configuration of a device producing or consuming signals, that controls the processing of a signal. [Allotrope]" . "signal configuration" . . . "amplification" . "amplification configuration" . "amplification setting" . "gain" . "gain configuration" . "gain setting" . "signal amplification setting" . "signal gain setting" . "A gain setting is a signal configuration, that controls the amplification of an incoming or outgoing signal. [Allotrope]" . "signal gain configuration" . . . "signal offset setting" . "A signal offset configuration is a signal processing configuration, that adds/subtracts a fixed amount of magnitude to the signal strength or amplitude to move the zero reference. [Allotrope]" . "signal offset configuration" . . . "control setting" . "controller setting" . "A controller configuration is a device configuration of a controller, that directly influences the controlling process done by the controller towards a goal. [Allotrope]" . "controller configuration" . . . "trigger setting" . "A trigger configuration is a device configuration for a system with a sensor and an actor component, that directly influences when the sensor sends an activating signal to the actor based on an observation. [Allotrope]" . "trigger configuration" . . . "alert configuration" . "alert setting" . "notification setting" . "signaling configuration" . "signaling setting" . "A notification setting is a trigger setting in a system that has a notification component, that controls when the component send out a notification signal. [Allotrope]" . "A pressure sensor measures the pressure of the liquid in the plumbing an if the notification setting on the pressure is above a maximum, it triggers the notification of a signaling device, such as a warning lamp." . "notification configuration" . . . . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . "PAC, 1994, 66, 533 (Standard quantities in chemical thermodynamics. Fugacities, activities and equilibrium constants for pure and mixed phases (IUPAC Recommendations 1994))" . "Partial pressure is the notional pressure of a gas in a mixture of gases, if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same temperature. [Wikipedia]" . "partial pressure" . . . "Purity is a composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer lacking undesired components. [Allotrope]" . "It is generally quantified by the sum of the mass fractions of the impurities subtracted from a theoretically pure value of 100%." . "purity" . . . "mechanics quality" . "A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer behaves when subjected to forces or displacements and the effect of their bodies on their environment. [Wikipedia]" . "mechanical quality" . . . . "deformation" . "Strain is a quality of deformation representing the displacement between particles in the body relative to a reference length. [Wikipedia]" . "A general deformation of a body can be expressed in the form x = F(X) where X is the reference position of material points in the body." . "strain" . . . . "\u03C4" . "A shearing force is applied to the top of the rectangle while the bottom is held in place. The resulting shear stress deforms the rectangle into a parallelogram. The area involved would be the top of the parallelogram. A shear stress is the component of stress coplanar with a material cross section. [Wikipedia]" . "shear stress" . . . . "A normal strain is strain perpendicular to the face of an element. [Wikipedia]" . "normal strain" . . . . "A shear strain is parallel to the face of an element. [Wikipedia]" . "shear strain" . . . "total mass of impurities" . "Total impurities is a composition quality that is the sum of the mass of all impurities in a material. [Allotrope]" . "total impurities" . . . "A purity quality of a material with respect to its stereoisomers. [Allotrope]" . "stereochemical purity" . . . . "The absolute value of the mole fraction for one diastereomer in a mixture minus the mole fraction for the other. [CHMO]" . "diastereomeric excess" . . . . "doi:10.1359/goldbook.D01681" . "The ratio of the percentage of one diastereomer in a mixture to that of the other. [CHMO]" . "diastereomeric ratio" . . . . "The ratio of the percentage of one enantiomer in a mixture to that of the other. [CHMO]" . "enantiomeric ratio" . . . . "doi:10.1359/goldbook.E02070" . "The absolute value of the mole fraction for one enantiomer in a mixture minus the mole fraction for the other enantiomer. [CHMO]" . "enantiomeric excess" . . . "difference" . "An excess is a relational quality that is the difference in magnitude of two qualities of the same kind. [Allotrope]" . "excess" . . . "Impurity is a composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer having undesired components. [Allotrope]" . "impurity" . . . "Stereochemical composition is a composition quality based on the stereochemistry of its components. [Allotrope]" . "stereochemical composition" . . . "A dilution composition is a composition quality of a dilution. [Allotrope]" . "dilution composition" . . . "Reaction composition is a composition quality of a reaction mixture. [Allotrope]" . "reaction composition" . . . . "conversion" . "Conversion is a reaction composition quality dependent on the fraction of reactant remaining. [Allotrope]" . "conversion (quality)" . . . . . "percentage yield" . "yield" . "Reaction yield is a reaction composition quality expressed as a percentage of the theoretical maximum mass of the product given the masses of the reactants. [CHMO,Allotrope]" . "Often there is an assumption that the product and starting materials have the same relative response in the analytical method being used." . "yield (quality)" . . . . "selectivity" . "Reaction selectivity is a reaction composition that is expressed as the number of moles of desired product per the number of moles of undesired product. [Wikipedia]" . "reaction selectivity" . . . "wavenumber" . "Wavenumber is a physical quality that inheres in a wave by virtue of the number of wave patterns per unit length along the direction of propagation. It is reciprocal to wavelength. [Allotrope]" . "2019-07-04 Quality can be either acoustic. electromagnetic or radiation. [Allotrope]" . "wavenumber (quality)" . . . "International Vocabulary of Metrology \u2013 Basic and General Concepts and Associated Terms (VIM 3rd edition) JCGM 200:2012" . "resolution" . "Resolution is the quality of a sensor (measurement instrument, detector) to be able to measure the smallest change in a qualities that causes a perceptible change in the corresponding indication. [Allotrope]" . "resolution (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . . "melt temperature" . "melting temperature" . "The melting point is the temperature where a material changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase. [Allotrope]" . "melting point" . . . . "polarity" . "Polarity is the quality inhered in an energy that is the positive or negative direction of an electrical, acoustical, or magnetic force relative to a reference state. [Allotrope, NCIT]" . "2019-07-04 Quality can be either acoustic, electro magnetic or radiation. [Allotrope]" . "polarity (quality)" . . . . . "The average radius of the pores within the solid particles. [Allotrope]" . "pore size" . . . "A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being only capable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices in outer layer of the solid and not its solid impermeable core. [Allotrope]" . "fused core" . . . "A chemical substance quality is a quality that inhers in some portion of chemical substance. [Allotrope]" . "chemical substance quality" . . . "energy" . "Energy (quality) is the amount of energy that a material entity contains. [Allotrope]" . "energy (quality)" . "Energy is in BFO considered a material entity." . . . "true"^^ . "task" . "An action is a unit element in a procedure and is a concretization of an action specification. [Allotrope]" . "action" . . . "A procedure is plan containing multiple activities that are intended to be executed in an order following a procedure specification. [Allotrope]" . "procedure" . . . "true"^^ . "Portion of reality that is realized in some process. [Allotrope]" . "situation" . . . "true"^^ . "constitution" . "physique" . "structure" . "A specific combination of qualities that the bearer realizes at some time. [Allotrope]" . "configuration" . . . "true"^^ . "environment" . "A situation that is realized in a processes outside the system boundary of an operation situation of a device. [Allotrope]" . "example: humid conditions" . "environmental situation" . . . "true"^^ . "operation" . "2019-09-20 Moved, an operational situation is not necessarily an environmental situation. [Allotrope]" . "The situation when a device is performing its intended function. [Allotrope]" . "operational situation" . . . "true"^^ . "A transition is a situation that is realized when one or more preceding processes end and the one or more succeeding processes begin. [Allotrope]" . "transition" . . . "true"^^ . "A realizable entity that when realized coincides with the start of some intended or causally dependent process. [Allotrope]" . "trigger" . . . "chemical agent" . "A disposition of a portion of material to react with other materials in a specific way by nature of its chemical composition. [Allotrope]" . "chemical disposition" . . . . . "A surfactant (or a mixture containing one or more surfactants) disposed to having cleaning properties in dilute solutions. [ChEBI]" . "detergent" . . . . "The disposition to lower the surface tension of the medium in which the material is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and, accordingly, is positively adsorbed at the liquid/vapor and/or at other interfaces. [ChEBI]" . "surfactant" . . . "surface-active agent" . "A surface-active agent is a disposition of a portion of material to react or interact with the surface of other materials. [Allotrope]" . "surface-active disposition" . . . "A chemical reaction disposition is a disposition inhered in a reaction mixture. [Allotrope]" . "chemical reaction disposition" . . . "A reaction selectivity disposition is a disposition of a reaction mixture to have a reaction selectivity. [Allotrope]" . "reaction selectivity disposition" . . . "true"^^ . "A plot of intensity vs. kinetic energy obtained when a high energy photon ionizes a core electron and an electron from a higher energy level descends to take its place, releasing sufficient energy to eject a second so-called 'Auger' electron. [CHMO]" . "Auger spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "DSC curve" . "DSC heating curve" . "DSC plot" . "DSC thermogram" . "DSC thermograms" . "A plot of enthalpy vs. temperature obtained by measuring the enthalpy required to increase the temperature of a sample as a function of temperature. [CHMO]" . "differential scanning calorimetry curve" . . . "true"^^ . "microwave spectra" . "A plot of emission vs. wavelength obtained through a Fourier transform of the time series of the radiation emitted by a sample of gas phase molecules that have been excited by a microwave-frequency pulse. [CHMO]" . "microwave spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "conversion spectra" . "A plot of a quantity related to the absorption, for example absorbance or cross section, multiplied by the quantum yield for the process considered against a measure of photon energy such as frequency, wavenumber or wavelength. [CHMO]" . "conversion spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "photoelectron spectra" . "A plot of photoelectron count vs. kinetic energy. [CHMO]" . "photoelectron spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "CD spectra" . "CD spectrum" . "circular dichroic spectra" . "circular dichroic spectrum" . "circular dichroism (CD) spectra" . "circular dichroism spectra" . "A plot of ellipticity vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the differential absorption of left- and right-handed circularly polarized photon radiation as a function of wavelength. [CHMO]" . "circular dichroism spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "alpha particle spectra" . "alpha particle spectrum" . "alpha-particle spectra" . "\u03B1-particle spectra" . "\u03B1-particle spectrum" . "A plot of alpha-particle count vs. energy obtained by measuring the number and kinetic energies of alpha-particles emitted by a sample. [CHMO]" . "alpha-particle spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "Data obtained from a structure determination method. [CHMO]" . "structure data" . . . "true"^^ . "voltammetric profile" . "A plot of cell current vs. the potential between the indicator and reference electrodes obtained from a voltammetry experiment. [CHMO]" . "voltammogram" . . . "true"^^ . "A data set derived from chemical imaging consisting of a three-dimensional image where two axes describe the x and y spatial dimensions and the third dimension represents spectral wavelength. The image is obtained by stacking one image per spectral wavelength sequentially. [CHMO]" . "chemical map" . . . "true"^^ . "ITC curve" . "ITC curves" . "ITC-curve" . "isothermal titration calorimetric curve" . "A plot of energy vs. time obtained from the measurement of the heat evolved during a chemical or biochemical reaction (such as protein--receptor binding). [CHMO]" . "isothermal titration calorimetry curve" . . . "true"^^ . "\\gamma-ray spectra" . "\\gamma-ray spectrum" . "gamma ray spectra" . "gamma ray spectrum" . "gamma-ray spectra" . "A plot of gamma-ray count vs. energy spectrum obtained by measuring the number and energy of gamma-rays emitted or absorbed by a sample. [CHMO]" . "gamma-ray spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "An electropherogram is the outcome of a capillary electrophoresis that reports the response of a detector as a function of time. [Allotrope]" . "electropherogram" . . . "true"^^ . "EELS spectra" . "EELS spectrum" . "electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) spectra" . "electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) spectrum" . "electron energy-loss spectra" . "A plot of intensity vs. energy loss obtained by measuring the energy lost by electrons on interacting with a surface. [CHMO]" . "electron energy-loss spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "photoacoustic spectra" . "A plot of intensity vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the sound emitted when a gaseous sample is exposed to an intense laser beam, which is rapidly interrupted by a rotating slotted disk. [CHMO]" . "photoacoustic spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "adsorption-desorption isotherm" . "adsorption/desorption isotherm" . "A plot of relative pressure vs. volume adsorbed obtained by measuring the amount of an inert gaseous or liquid substance (the 'sorbent', usually H2 or N2) which adsorbs onto the surface of interest (the 'sorbate'), and the subsequent amount that desorbs at a constant temperature. [CHMO]" . "adsorption-desorption isotherm" . . . . "true"^^ . "A data point is the single point in a coordinate space. [Allotrope]" . "data point" . . . "2018-07-19 Changed definition, relaxed restriction. [Allotrope]" . "A peak group is a user defined set of peaks for which summed peak facet data is expected. [Allotrope]" . "A common example is for alkanes such as heptanes. Often all of the isomers (C7H16, CH3CH2(CH3)C4H10, C2H5CH2(CH3)C3H8, CH3CH2(CH2CH3)C3H8, etc) are reported as a single value." . "Sum of all peak areas in the group." . "peak group" . . . "true"^^ . "A chromatogram is a distribution function of a detector signal (such as ion count or absorbance) versus time of acquisition or versus volume of analyte. [Allotrope]" . "chromatogram" . . . "true"^^ . "IR spectra" . "IR spectrum" . "infra-red spectra" . "infra-red spectrum" . "infrared (IR) spectra" . "infrared (IR) spectrum" . "infrared spectra" . "A plot of absorbance or transmittance vs. wavelength/wavenumber/frequency obtained by measuring the absorption or transmission of infrared radiation by a sample. [CHMO]" . "infrared spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "NMR spectra" . "NMR spectrum" . "nuclear magnetic resonance spectra" . "Any spectrum that shows the response of spin-active nuclei to radio frequency radiation in an applied magnetic field. [CHMO]" . "nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "optical transmission spectrum" . "A plot of extinction (or transmittance) vs. wavelength (or wavenumber) obtained by measuring the amount of radiation transmitted through a sample as a function of the wavelength of the incident radiation. Optical extinction spectra can also be derived theoretically. [CHMO]" . "optical extinction spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "atomic spectra" . "A plot of absorption or emission radiation vs. frequency that reflects the internal degrees of freedom of an atom, obtained in an experiment where the sample is vaporized and then atomized. [CHMO]" . "atomic spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "IET spectra" . "IET spectrum" . "inelastic tunneling spectra" . "inelastic tunnelling spectra" . "inelastic tunnelling spectrum" . "A plot of current (or a first or higher derivative of current with respect to voltage) vs. voltage obtained by measuring the tunneling current through a metal-oxide-metal sandwich. Molecules are adsorbed onto the oxide and these molecules can affect the tunneling via the excitation of vibrational states. [CHMO]" . "inelastic tunneling spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . . "A melting curve is the data distribution function over temperature that is the output of a melting curve analysis. Melting curve analysis is an assessment of the dissociation characteristics of double-stranded DNA during heating. As the temperature is raised, the double strand begins to dissociate leading to a rise in the absorbance intensity, hyperchromicity. [Wikipedia]" . "melting curve" . . . "true"^^ . "GEMMA spectra" . "GEMMA spectrum" . "A plot of electrophoretic mobility diameter vs. particle count generated by separating singly-charged complexes in air under the influence of an electric field. [CHMO]" . "gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis spectrum" . . . "A certificate refers to the confirmation of certain characteristics of an object, person or organization. This confirmation is often, but not always, provided by some form of external review, education, assessment, or audit. Accreditation is a specific organization's process of certification. [Wikipedia]" . "certificate" . . . "true"^^ . "action spectra" . "A plot of a relative biological or chemical photoresponse per number of incident photons against wavelength or energy of radiation under the same radiant power of light. [CHMO]" . "action spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "oximetric data" . "oximetry data" . "oximetry spectra" . "A plot of % oxygen vs. time, measured during a process where oxygen is consumed or evolved. [CHMO]" . "oximetry spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "acoustic emission spectra" . "A plot of decibels vs. frequency obtained by measuring the amount of noise generated by a sample as a function of frequency of incident radiation. [CHMO]" . "acoustic emission spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "A plot of stress vs. flow rate obtained from rheological measurements. [CHMO]" . "flow curve" . . . "true"^^ . "X-ray spectra" . "A plot of intensity vs. energy obtained by measuring the number and energy of X-rays absorbed or emitted by a sample. [CHMO]" . "X-ray spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "beta particle spectra" . "beta particle spectrum" . "beta-particle spectra" . "\u03B2-particle spectra" . "\u03B2-particle spectrum" . "A plot of beta-particle count vs. energy obtained by measuring the number and energy of beta-particles emitted by a sample. [CHMO]" . "beta-particle spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "A plot of e vs hv where e is the molar extinction coefficient, that is used to determine the optical gap (or 'Tauc gap') in amorphous thin film materials. [CHMO]" . "Tauc plot" . . . "true"^^ . "A peak describes a part of a data distribution function at a definite range of the experimental parameter (independent variable) of the distribution function. This definition includes a single data point of the distribution function. [Allotrope]" . "peak" . . . "true"^^ . . "EMR spectrum" . "electromagnetic spectrum" . "The electromagnetic radiation spectrum is the range of frequencies (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies. [Wikipedia]" . "electromagnetic radiation spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "Collection of peaks or peak groups for a specific purpose. [Allotrope]" . "peak list" . . . "true"^^ . "IPCE spectrum" . "incident photon conversion efficiency spectra" . "incident photon to collected electron (IPCE) spectra" . "incident photon to collected electron (IPCE) spectrum" . "incident photon to collected electron spectra" . "incident photon to current collection efficiency spectrum" . "incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency spectrum" . "incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) spectrum" . "incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency spectrum" . "A plot of incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) vs. wavelength obtained from a solar or photovoltaic cell. [CHMO]" . "incident photon conversion efficiency spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . . . "Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 85, No. 7, pp. 1515\u20131609, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-06-04-06" . "mass spectra" . "A mass spectrum is a data distribution function that plots the relative abundances of ions forming a beam or other collection as a function of their m/z values. [IUPAC]" . "The term is a misnomer because it is m/z rather than mass that is the independent variable in a mass spectrum. [IUPAC]" . "mass spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "titration data" . "titration plot" . "A plot of volume of titrant vs. an independent variable (e.g., pH or enthalpy) obtained from a titration experiment. [CHMO]" . "titration curve" . . . "true"^^ . "A plot of intensity against wavelength obtained by measuring the amount of radiation emitted by a sample through luminescence against the frequency of the incident radiation. [CHMO]" . "luminescence spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "M\\ossbauer spectra" . "M\\ossbauer spectrum" . "Moessbauer spectra" . "Moessbauer spectrum" . "Mossbauer spectra" . "A plot of intensity vs. velocity obtained by measuring the intensity and kinetic energy of a beam of gamma-rays transmitted through a solid sample. [CHMO]" . "Mossbauer spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "A plot of absorbance vs. wavelength, obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation, which reflects the electronic degrees of freedom of an atom or molecule. [CHMO]" . "electronic absorption spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "Raman spectra" . "A plot of intensity vs. Raman shift (cm-1) obtained by measuring the Raman scattering of monochromatic light from a sample. [CHMO]" . "Raman spectrum" . . . "true"^^ . "Murray, K., Boyd, R., Eberlin, M., et al. (2013). Definitions of terms relating to mass spectrometry (IUPAC Recommendations 2013). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 85(7), pp. 1515-1609. Retrieved 9 May. 2019, from doi:10.1351/PAC-REC-06-04-06" . "A total ion current profile is a data distribution function of the total ion current recorded as function of time or time dependent sampling. [Allotrope]" . "total ion current profile" . . . "A file is a resource for storing information, which is available to a computer program and is usually based on some kind of durable storage. [Wikipedia]" . "file" . . . . "forecast" . "2019-05-10 Generalized term. [Allotrope]" . "A prediction or forecast is a proposition about a future event. [Wikipedia]" . "prediction" . . . "true"^^ . "2019-08-19 Moved under data distribution function. [Allotrope]" . "The calibration curve is a data distribution function of the instrumental response, the so-called analytical signal, changed with the concentration of the analyte (the substance to be measured). [Wikipedia]" . "calibration curve" . . . "true"^^ . "Linear procedure specification that specifies analysis. [Allotrope]" . "analysis sequence" . . . "An analysis method is a plan specification that specifies an analysis. [Allotrope]" . "analytical method" . . . "true"^^ . "An interpolation algorithm using cubic polynomials. [Allotrope]" . "cubic interpolation algorithm" . . . "true"^^ . "Interpolation\u00A0is a method of constructing new\u00A0data points\u00A0within the range of a\u00A0discrete set\u00A0of known data points. [Wikipedia]" . "interpolation algorithm" . . . "true"^^ . "Linear interpolation\u00A0is a method of\u00A0curve fitting\u00A0using\u00A0linear polynomials\u00A0to construct new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points. [Wikipedia]" . "linear interpolation algorithm" . . . "true"^^ . "event log" . "event protocol" . "protocol" . "A description that describes the actual flow of events that occurred in some process. [Allotrope]" . "log" . . . "true"^^ . "protocol entry" . "A log entry is a type of description that is an item in a log. [Allotrope]" . "log entry" . . . "true"^^ . "A quality profile control command is an action specification about a quality process profile. [Allotrope]" . "quality profile control command" . . . "true"^^ . . "measurement scale" . "Level of measurement is a classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables. [Wikipedia]" . "level of measurement" . . . "true"^^ . "A classification that only introduces categorical values. [Allotrope]" . "nominal scale" . . . "true"^^ . "A classification of measurement that introduces equality and rank-ordering. [Allotrope]" . "ordinal scale" . . . "true"^^ . "A scale that is based on equal quantitative intervals. [Allotrope]" . "interval scale" . . . "true"^^ . "A scale that introduces a zero as origin and allows equality, rank-ordering, equality of intervals and equality of ratios. [Allotrope]" . "ratio scale" . . . "true"^^ . "A log-interval scale is a type of measurement scale that classifies values based on logarithmic intervals. [Allotrope]" . "log-interval scale" . . . "true"^^ . "A cyclic scale is a type of measurement scale that classifies values based on recurring intervals. [Allotrope]" . "angle" . "orientation" . "weekday" . "cyclic scale" . . . "true"^^ . "Counts are like ratio scale that they have a zero point but there are no meaningful fractional units. [Allotrope]" . "counts" . . . "true"^^ . "A classification is a proposition that categorizes things into classes or collections of things differentiated by some criteria. [Allotrope]" . "classification" . . . "true"^^ . "ID" . "An identifier is a name that identifies (that is, labels the identity of) either a unique object or a unique class of objects, where the \"object\" or class may be an idea, physical [countable] object (or class thereof), or physical [uncountable] substance (or class thereof). [Wikipedia]" . "identifier" . . . "true"^^ . "A globally unique identifier is an identifier whose uniqueness is guaranteed in a decentralized way by following a certain algorithm in its creation. [Allotrope]" . "a UUID" . "globally unique identifier" . . . "true"^^ . "An identifier that uniquely denotes objects only within the scope of a specific object aggregate and that is not registered in an identifier registry. [Allotrope]" . "local identifier" . . . "true"^^ . "A range that describes a range of quantity values using the same unit. [Allotrope]" . "quantity range" . . . "true"^^ . "A list index is a type of index that is related to a list item in a collection. [Allotrope]" . "list index" . . . "true"^^ . "A description is a proposition about an existing entity. [Allotrope]" . "description" . . . "true"^^ . "A facet is a partial information that contains an aspect of some information content entity or parts of it when participating in some process. The facet abstracts of the concrete representation of this aspect of information. [Allotrope]" . "facet" . . . . "true"^^ . "A multiplicand in a mathematical product expression. [Allotrope]" . "factor" . . . . "true"^^ . "A factor with a complex number as value. [Allotrope]" . "complex factor" . . . "true"^^ . "A factor with a integer number as value. [Allotrope]" . "integer factor" . . . . "true"^^ . "A factor with a real number as value. [Allotrope]" . "real factor" . . . "true"^^ . "A facet that represents some strictly ordered key in an associative array or the position of a member in a list. [Allotrope]" . "index" . . . "true"^^ . "An index that denotes some matrix component. [Allotrope]" . "matrix index" . . . "true"^^ . "An index that denotes some tensor component. [Allotrope]" . "tensor index" . . . "true"^^ . "An index that denotes some vector component. [Allotrope]" . "vector index" . . . "true"^^ . "An order facet adds information of the ordering of some information in an aggregation of information. [Allotrope]" . "order" . . . "true"^^ . "A predecessor is an order facet of an information content entity that refers to the information content entity immediately before it in a containing list. [Allotrope]" . "predecessor" . . . "true"^^ . "A successor is an order facet of an information content entity that refers to the information content entity immediately after it in a containing list. [Allotrope]" . "successor" . . . . "true"^^ . "base" . "In mathematical numeral systems, the radix or base is the number of unique digits, including zero, used to represent numbers in a positional numeral system. [Wikipedia]" . "radix" . . . . "true"^^ . "Size is the number of members of some collection of data. [Allotrope]" . "size" . . . "true"^^ . "timestamp" . "2018-10-29 Changed pref label to time, timestamp is alt label [Allotrope]" . "A time is a facet that adds temporal information to an information content entity about the point in time when the information content entity it is participating in the some process. [Allotrope]" . "Duration is a close match, but is about a time interval." . "This facet can have multiple representational forms, e.g. XML dateTime or QUDT time quantity values." . "time" . . . "true"^^ . "flow specification" . "protocol" . "workflow specification" . "A specification on the order, transitions and trigger of multiple action specifications that are part of some aggregate action specification. [Allotrope]" . "procedure specification" . . . "true"^^ . "An interpolation algorithm using polynomials. [Allotrope]" . "polynomial interpolation algorithm" . . . "true"^^ . "An interpolation algorithm using cubic polynomials. [Allotrope]" . "quadratic interpolation algorithm" . . . "true"^^ . . "command" . "instruction" . "A directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take. [IAO]" . "action specification" . . . "true"^^ . . "An action specification that specifies an event within a process when the specified activity is realized. [Allotrope]" . "The events are modeled after the ISA-S88 process commands. [Allotrope]" . "process command" . . . "true"^^ . "A specification that specifies a participant in a process by the function it bears in it. [Allotrope]" . "function specification" . . . "true"^^ . "event table" . "linear procedure specification" . "sequence specification" . "2018-10-19 Changed pref label [Allotrope]" . "A procedure specification with a linear ordered collection of action specifications. [Allotrope]" . "sequential procedure specification" . . . "true"^^ . "A facet that is part of a peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak facet" . . . . "true"^^ . "A peak facet that denotes the ordinate value of the peak apex offset by the baseline ascribed to the peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak height" . . . . "true"^^ . "peak height (relative)" . "2018-07-19 Changed definition. [Allotrope]" . "A peak facet that denotes the height of the peak relative to some other peak or summation of peaks. [Allotrope]" . "relative peak height" . . . . "true"^^ . "increment" . "The difference between two discrete points next to each other in a range of discrete values. [Allotrope]" . "A device property can be set between a minimum and maximum value but only in steps of the increment value. [Allotrope]" . "Step size of sweeping over 2Theta, unit \u00B0 [Allotrope]" . "step size" . . . "true"^^ . "time" . "2019-07-04 Moved under process quantification facet in taxonomy. [Allotrope]" . "A measure of the magnitude of the time region in which the process occurs. [Allotrope]" . "duration" . . . "true"^^ . "The date/time of the measurement. [Allotrope]" . "measurement time" . . . "true"^^ . "A description of a fundamental characteristic of a process. [Allotrope]" . "process property" . . . "true"^^ . "2019-07-04 Moved under process quantification facet in taxonomy. [Allotrope]" . "A measure of the magnitude of change of some participating entity per amount of time relative to other processes having similar changes. [Allotrope]" . "rate" . . . "true"^^ . "An observation is a description of a portion of reality that has been observed during an observing process. [Allotrope]" . "observation" . . . . "true"^^ . "The number of points is the total number of points sampled during a measurement. [Allotrope]" . "In a spectrum, the number of points is the total number of peak positions." . "number of quick slope points in UV/VIS" . "number of sampled points" . . . "true"^^ . "directive information entity" . "A specification is a proposition about the intended purpose or design of an entity. [Allotrope]" . "specification" . . . "true"^^ . . "tensor" . "tensor value" . "In mathematics, tensors are geometric objects that describe linear relations between geometric vectors, scalars, and other tensors. Elementary examples of such relations include the dot product, the cross product, and linear maps. The tensor datum is a facet that uses a tensor as an abstract mathematical description. [Wikipedia]" . "tensor datum" . . . "true"^^ . "higher-order tensor" . "higher-order tensor value" . "A tensor with order greater than 2. [Allotrope]" . "higher-order tensor datum" . . . "true"^^ . . "matrix" . "matrix value" . "In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns. [Wikipedia]" . "matrix datum" . . . "true"^^ . . "scalar" . "scalar value" . "A scalar is an element of a field which is used to define a vector space. [Wikipedia]" . "review of definition needed" . "scalar datum" . . . "true"^^ . . "Euclidean vector" . "geometric vector" . "vector" . "vector value" . "In mathematics, physics, and engineering, a Euclidean vector (sometimes called a geometric or spatial vector, or\u2014as here\u2014simply a vector) is a geometric object that has magnitude (or length) and direction. [Wikipedia]" . "vector datum" . . . "true"^^ . "integer vector" . "integer vector datum" . "A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only integer scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector integer datum" . . . "true"^^ . "number vector" . "number vector datum" . "number vector value" . "A vector number datum is a vector datum that has only numeric scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector number datum" . . . "true"^^ . "quantity vector" . "quantity vector datum" . "quantity vector value" . "A vector quantity datum is a vector datum that has only quantity value scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector quantity datum" . . . "true"^^ . "time" . "time interval" . "time value" . "A time datum is a type of datum that quantifies a duration of time or is about a time interval. [Allotrope]" . "time datum" . . . "true"^^ . "scalar range" . "scalar range value" . "A scalar range datum is a type of datum that is about range quantified by a scalar value. [Allotrope]" . "scalar range datum" . . . "true"^^ . "A specification that specifies the determinate range of some quality. [Allotrope]" . "quality specification" . . . "true"^^ . "A capability specification specifies some function that the target of the specification inheres. This capability can be restricted to a specific situation. [Allotrope]" . "capability specification" . . . "true"^^ . "A participant specification which specifies an information object that has the contextual role of a parameter in the realized process. [Allotrope]" . "A parameter specification can include a formal name, a datatype, a shape or range of values if the parameter is a datum." . "A parameter specification is about a parameter. It is a parameter itself only in the context of a specification process." . "parameter specification" . . . "true"^^ . "A participant specification that specifies a information objects that have the contextual role of a result in the realized process. [Allotrope]" . "result specification" . . . "true"^^ . "A specification that specifies a participant in a process by the general role it plays in it. [Allotrope]" . "role specification" . . . "true"^^ . "A specification about the transition between two or more actions. [Allotrope]" . "transition specification" . . . "true"^^ . "A trigger specification is a situation specification that specifies a trigger. [Allotrope]" . "trigger specification" . . . "true"^^ . "A specification of a circumstances (process). [Allotrope]" . "situation specification" . . . "true"^^ . "scalar integer value" . "A datum that is an integer value. [Allotrope]" . "scalar integer datum" . . . "true"^^ . "count" . "A datum that has non-negative integer values that is about the number of discrete things. [Allotrope]" . "count datum" . . . "true"^^ . "A datum that is a decimal value. [Allotrope]" . "scalar decimal datum" . . . "true"^^ . "A datum that is a IEEE floating point value. [Allotrope]" . "scalar floating point number datum" . . . "true"^^ . "scalar nominal datum" . "A scalar categorical datum is a type of datum that describes something based on a scalar value for a kind of category. [Allotrope]" . "scalar categorical datum" . . . "true"^^ . "A scalar datum that has a numeric value. [Allotrope]" . "scalar number datum" . . . "true"^^ . "scalar quantity" . "scalar quantity value" . "A scalar quantity datum is a type of datum that is about a quantity and quantifies by a scalar value. [Allotrope]" . "scalar quantity datum" . . . "true"^^ . . "assertion" . "content" . "statement" . "A proposition is an information content entity that is statement or assertion that has a truth value. [Allotrope]" . "proposition" . . . "true"^^ . . "A representation form is a type of information content entity that represents an entity in a certain way. [Allotrope]" . "plot as representation form of a temperature profile" . "representation form" . . . . "true"^^ . "A model is a purposeful simplified description of a part of reality that focuses on specific aspects. [Allotrope]" . "model" . . . "true"^^ . "A model that explains some principle rules about something. [Allotrope]" . "theory" . . . "true"^^ . "A physical domain is a type of description that covers physical objects. [Allotrope]" . "physical domain" . . . "true"^^ . "A specification that is part of some action specification that specifies some continuant that when the concretized action is realized becomes a participant playing some (contextual) role in the process. [Allotrope]" . "participant specification" . . . "true"^^ . . "isobar" . "2019-05-09 Moved under classification datum. [Allotrope]" . "Isobar is a classification facet that classifies atoms (nuclides) of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons. Correspondingly, isobars differ in atomic number (or number of protons) but have the same mass number. [Wikipedia]" . "isobar (nuclide)" . . . "true"^^ . "A tuple is a finite ordered list (sequence) of elements. [Wikipedia]" . "tuple" . . . "true"^^ . . "abstract object" . "A mathematical object is an information content entity that is an abstraction in the area of mathematics. It has a formal definition that allows for deductive reasoning and mathematical proofs. [Allotrope]" . "mathematical object" . . . "true"^^ . "A 1-tuple is a tuple that is a singleton. [Wikipedia]" . "1-tuple" . . . "true"^^ . "A 2-tuple is a tuple that is an ordered pair. [Wikipedia]" . "2-tuple" . . . "true"^^ . "A 3-tuple is a tuple that is a triple or triplet. [Wikipedia]" . "3-tuple" . . . "true"^^ . "A configuration specification is a type of specification that is about the configuration of parameters related to a specification target. [Allotrope]" . "configuration specification" . . . "true"^^ . "2019-05-10 Moved up in hierarchy [Allotrope]" . "A registry is information content entity that is an aggregate of designations. [Allotrope]" . "registry" . . . "true"^^ . "A description of distribution of a quantity with respect to a set of parameters. [Allotrope]" . "This can be the result of a measurement, simulation or prediction. [Allotrope]" . "data distribution function" . . . "2018-07-19 Definition changed. [Allotrope]" . "A peak facet that quantitates the area enclosed by a peak and the selected baseline. [Allotrope]" . "peak area" . . . "A peak facet that denotes the abscissa value of the extrema (maxima or minima) attributed to the peak in a data description function. The extrema is often determined through a mathematical fitting of measurement signals to eliminate spurious extrema due to noise. [Allotrope]" . "peak position" . . . . "2018-08-01 Changed definition [Allotrope]" . "A peak facet denoting its width at a specified peak height or variance. [Allotrope]" . "peak width" . . . "2018-07-19 Definition changed. [Allotrope]" . "A peak facet that describes the deviation of the peak's distribution from symmetry about its mean. [Allotrope]" . "peak asymmetry" . . . . "Slope is a mathematical facet of a line that describes both the direction and the steepness of the line. [Wikipedia]" . "slope" . . . "dot" . "two-dimensional point" . "A point is a two-dimensional figure that represents a zero-dimensional spacial region. [Allotrope]" . "point" . . . "true"^^ . "A figure facet is a facet that is part of a figure. [Allotrope]" . "figure facet" . . . "An assignment is a proposition that is an assertion of some relation between entities. [Allotrope]" . "assignment" . . . "true"^^ . "A timebase is a description that is about a point in time (process boundary or zero dimensional temporal region) that has the role of a temporal reference. [Allotrope]" . "timebase" . . . "true"^^ . "A facet that is part of a mathematical expression, formula or equation. [Allotrope]" . "mathematical facet" . . . "true"^^ . "quantity facet" . "2019-07-04 Changed pref label to be more precise. [Allotrope]" . "A facet that is part of a quantification of a quality or process. [Allotrope]" . "A quantification facet is usually a quantity value or a categorization into some group. It is described by a numeric value together with a unit or a categorical value. [Allotrope]" . "quantification facet" . . . "true"^^ . "capability" . "A capability proposition is a proposition that is about the range of possible values for a quality or potential roles and functions under given conditions. [Allotrope]" . "capability proposition" . . . "A scalar double datum is a scalar floating point number datum having a IEEE double precision datum (xsd:double). [Allotrope]" . "scalar double datum" . . . "operator" . "Analyst is measurement metadata about the name or identifier of a person that has the role of an analyst in the measurement. [Allotrope]" . "analyst" . . . "Measurement metadata is a facet that is part of a information content entity about a measurement that is about the context of the measurement, but not directly about the measurement result or a measurement parameter. [Allotrope]" . "measurement metadata" . . . "pH datum" . "pondus hydrogenii" . "pH (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution, defined as the decadic logarithm of the reciprocal activity of hydrogen ions. [Allotrope]" . "pH" . . . . . "PAC, 1990, 62, 2167 (Glossary of atmospheric chemistry terms (Recommendations 1990))" . "PAC, 1996, 68, 2223 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996))" . "absorbance datum" . "Absorbance is a quantity facet that quantifies the absorbance as logarithm to the base 10 (linear absorbance) of the incident (prior to absorption) spectral radiant power, divided by the transmitted spectral radiant power. [IUPAC]" . "absorbance" . . . "The acquisition time is the time when a signal is captured. [Allotrope]" . "acquisition time" . . . "wavelength datum" . "A wavelength is a facet that quantifies a wavelength of electromagnetic radiation. [Allotrope]" . "wavelength" . . . "true"^^ . "peak id" . "A peak identifier is an identifier that identifies a peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak identifier" . . . "peak area (relative)" . "A peak facet that denotes the area of the peak relative to some other peak or summation of peaks. [Allotrope]" . "relative peak area" . . . "A peak name is a written name that denotes some peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak name" . . . "A peak index is an index that denotes a peak in a list of peaks. [Allotrope]" . "peak index" . . . "A peak facet that quantitates the amount of analyte attributed to the peak based on a calibration curve, response factor or other quantitative formula. [Allotrope]" . "peak analyte amount" . . . "A peak facet that denotes the amount of analyte ascribed to a the peak relative to the amount of some other analyte or summation of analytes. [Allotrope]" . "relative peak analyte amount" . . . "A peak facet that indicates whether the response curve of the peak is above or below the signal baseline. [Allotrope]" . "peak polarity" . . . "A peak facet that denotes the first value of the abscissa that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak start" . . . "A peak facet that denotes the first value of the ordinate that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak value at start" . . . "A peak facet that denotes the last value of the abscissa that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak end" . . . "A peak facet that denotes the last value of the ordinate that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak value at end" . . . "A peak facet that describes the peak start boundary with respect to the signal, integration determined signal baseline or a neighboring peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak baseline start code" . . . "A peak facet that describes the peak end boundary with respect to the signal, integration determined signal baseline or a neighboring peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak baseline end code" . . . "A peak facet that denotes the ordinate value of the baseline of a peak at the peak start time. [Allotrope]" . "baseline value at start of peak" . . . "A peak facet that denotes the ordinate value of the baseline of a peak at the peak end time. [Allotrope]" . "baseline value at end of peak" . . . "A peak point is a data point that is a member of a peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak point" . . . "A 2D-data point is a data point in 2-dimensional space. [Allotrope]" . "2D-data point" . . . "A 3D-data point is a data point in 3-dimensional space. [Allotrope]" . "3D-data point" . . . "The peak start point is the data point of the peak with the smallest abscissa value. [Allotrope]" . "peak start point" . . . "The peak start point is the data point of the peak with the largest abscissa value. [Allotrope]" . "peak end point" . . . "The peak maximum point is the data point of the peak with the largest ordinate value. [Allotrope]" . "peak maximum point" . . . "tuple element" . "tuple object" . "A tuple item is an object in a tuple. [Allotrope]" . "tuple item" . . . "A peak facet that ratios the peak height value with background level of noise. It is an indication of the sensitivity of a particular method toward the analyte that the peak represents. [Allotrope]" . "signal-to-noise ratio" . . . "A signal-to-noise ratio calculated using the Root Mean Square noise method. [Allotrope]" . "signal-to-noise ratio (RMS)" . . . "signal-to-noise (peak-to-peak, EP 2.2.46)" . "signal-to-noise (peak-to-peak, JP-G20)" . "signal-to-noise (peak-to-peak, USP 621)" . "A signal-to-noise ratio calculated using the peak-to-peak noise method. This includes JP-G20 (measured over optimally 20 X peak width at half height but at least 5 times the peak width at half height), EP 2.2.46 (measured over at least 5 times the peak width at half height), USP 621 (measured over at least 5 times the peak width at half height). [Allotrope]" . "signal-to-noise ratio (peak-to-peak)" . . . "A signal-to-noise ratio calculated using the ASTM E1657-98 method. [Allotrope]" . "signal-to-noise ratio (ASTM E1657-98)" . . . "A peak facet that measures the degree of separation between the peak and another specified peak. [Allotrope]" . "peak resolution" . . . "The peak minimum point is the data point of the peak with the smallest ordinate value. [Allotrope]" . "peak minimum point" . . . "The peak extremum point is the data point of the peak with the largest or smallest ordinate value. [Allotrope]" . "peak extremum point" . . . . "population" . "population (statistics)" . "2019-08-19 Moved under statistical facet. [Allotrope]" . "In statistics, a population is a set of similar items or events which is of interest for some question or experiment. A statistical population can be a group of existing objects or a hypothetical and potentially infinite group of objects conceived as a generalization from experience. [Wikipedia]" . "statistical population" . . . . "statistical sample" . "2019-08-19 Moved under statistical facet. [Allotrope]" . "A statistical sample set is a description of a subset of the statistical population, that is chosen to represent the population in a statistical analysis. [Wikipedia]" . "statistical sample set" . . . "A partition is a collection that is an aggregate part of a larger collection. Each member of the partition is also a member of the larger collection. [Allotrope]" . "partition" . . . . "2019-08-19 Moved under statistical facet. [Allotrope]" . "A descriptive statistic is a summary statistic that quantitatively describes or summarizes features of a collection of information. [Wikipedia]" . "descriptive statistic" . . . . "aggregate facet" . "summary facet" . "A summary datum is a facet of a collection that is about summary information about features of the members of the collection, such as descriptive statistics in order to communicate the largest amount of information as simply as possible. [Allotrope]" . "maximum height of a peak - peak is a collection of peak points, peak height is a facet of each peak point." . "summary datum" . . . "true"^^ . . "The position is the location of a physical entity. [Allotrope]" . "Geolocation expressed as geographic coordinates" . "Position expressed with respect to a given coordinate system at some time t." . "Position of a vial on a tray expressed as indexed number." . "position" . . . "true"^^ . "2018-07-23 Replaced deprecated af-p:AFP_0001083" . "2019-08-19 Changed definition. [Allotrope]" . "2019-08-19 Moved under data point. [Allotrope]" . "A calibration point is a single calibration result at a specific test point (one or more reference values). [Allotrope]" . "In pH calibration a point with a set pH and buffer solution." . "calibration point" . . . "true"^^ . "composition" . "formulation" . "The formulation of a material is a data object that describes its composition of ingredients. [Allotrope]" . "formulation description" . . . "An information content entity that describes the background (offset) component of a signal not due to the analyte (peak) of interest. [Allotrope]" . "baseline" . . . "control parameter" . "A control setting is a setting that controls how a process is executed by some system. [Allotrope]" . "control setting" . . . "alert parameter" . "An alert setting is a setting that specifies conditions and situations that trigger alerts during the operation of a device. [Allotrope]" . "maximum environment humidity" . "maximum pressure of the fluid for a plumbing system" . "minimum environment temperature for operation" . "alert setting" . . . . "formula" . "function" . "function (mathematics)" . "2018-12-19 Added alt label. [Allotrope]" . "A function is a process or a relation that associates each element x of a set X, the domain of the function, to a single element y of another set Y (possibly the same set), the codomain of the function. [Wikipedia]" . "function (math)" . . . . "manufacturer" . "An equipment manufacturer is a symbol that denotes the entity manufacturing the equipment. [Allotrope]" . "equipment manufacturer" . . . "A firmware version is a version number that identifies the firmware of a device. [Allotrope]" . "firmware version" . . . "In electronic systems and computing, firmware is \"the combination of a hardware device, e.g. an integrated circuit, and computer instructions and data that reside as read only software on that device\". As a result, firmware usually cannot be modified during normal operation of the device. Typical examples of devices containing firmware are embedded systems (such as traffic lights, consumer appliances, and digital watches), computers, computer peripherals, mobile phones, and digital cameras. The firmware contained in these devices provides the control program for the device. [Wikipedia]" . "firmware" . . . . "In computer science, a queue is a particular kind of abstract data type or collection in which the entities in the collection are kept in order and the principal (or only) operations on the collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal position, known as enqueue, and removal of entities from the front terminal position, known as dequeue. [Wikipedia]" . "queue" . . . "measurement queue" . "A list used to sequence objects and to line up requests for a resource. [NCI]" . "request queue" . . . "The peak width determined at the baseline level. The peak tangents are drawn from the turning points of the leading and trailing edges. Then the points of intersection with the baseline are calculated. The distance between the two points of intersection is the baseline level width. [Allotrope]" . "peak width at baseline" . . . . "The peak width calculated at five percent of its peak height. [Allotrope]" . "peak width at 5% of height" . . . . "The peak width calculated at half of the peak height. [Allotrope]" . "peak width at half height" . . . "true"^^ . "norm" . "A standard is a norm or requirement that is established for technical systems. [Wikipedia]" . "standard" . . . "classification facet" . "A classification datum is a facet that classifies some entity. [Allotrope]" . "classification datum" . . . "class facet" . "type datum" . "type facet" . "A type datum is a classification datum that classifies a thing as an instance of a n RDFS class. [Allotrope]" . "class datum" . . . "concept facet" . "A concept datum is a classification datum that classifies a thing by a SKOS concept. [Allotrope]" . "concept datum" . . . "code datum" . "A classification datum that classifies things by a code in a codelist. [Allotrope]" . "code classification datum" . . . "A type specification is a specification of a collection of things by the members of that collection being classified as instance of a class or concept, often with additional constraints. [Allotrope]" . "a SHACL node shape." . "the humans that live in Berlin." . "type specification" . . . "attribute specification" . "characteristic specification" . "feature specification" . "A property specification is a specification about a feature, property, attribute or characteristic. The specification defines constraints on it, such as being an instance of a specific class. [Allotrope]" . "a SHACL property shape" . "property specification" . . . "A scalar double datum is a scalar floating point number datum having a IEEE single precision datum (xsd:float). [Allotrope]" . "scalar float datum" . . . "A decision is a proposition that is a choice made from a set of alternative propositions. [Allotrope]" . "decision" . . . "decimal vector" . "A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only decimal scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector decimal datum" . . . "floating point vector" . "A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only floating point scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector floating point number datum" . . . "float vector" . "A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only IEEE single precision floating point scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector float datum" . . . "double vector" . "A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only IEEE double precision floating point scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector double datum" . . . "true"^^ . "plan" . "recipe" . "A directive information entity with action specifications and objective specifications as parts that, when concretized, is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives by taking the actions specified. [IAO]" . "To lose weight, go running daily for at least 30 minutes. To isolate plasma from blood, centrifuge tubes at 1100-1300 rpm for 15 minutes. [IAO]" . "plan specification" . . . "true"^^ . . "begin" . "begin command" . "start" . "A start command is a process command that orders the procedural element to begin executing the normal RUNNING logic. This command is only valid when the procedural element is in the IDLE state. [Allotrope]" . "start command" . . . "A setting is a specification about a configuration of some controllable system or a situation occurring in a system that triggers a reaction. [Allotrope]" . "A maximum pressure in a plumbing system that triggers a warning." . "A temperature that is that target temperature setting of a thermostat." . "setting" . . . "sampling method" . "statistical specification" . "A statistics method is a specification (method) for sampling a population, quantification of qualities of the samples and applying statistics on the quantified qualities to produce summary information on the population. [Allotrope]" . "statistical method" . . . "role datum" . "A role class datum is a classification datum that classifies an entity by the role or contextual role class it plays in the context of the classification datum. [Allotrope]" . "role class datum" . . . "boolean" . "boolean datum" . "boolean value" . "A scalar datum that has a boolean value. [Allotrope]" . "scalar boolean datum" . . . "scalar text datum" . "string" . "string datum" . "string value" . "A scalar datum that has a textual value. [Allotrope]" . "scalar string datum" . . . "scalar datetime datum" . "timestamp" . "timestamp datum" . "timestamp value" . "A scalar datum that has a timestamp (xsd:dateTime) literal value. [Allotrope]" . "scalar timestamp datum" . . . "URI" . "URI datum" . "URI value" . "A scalar datum that has a URI as value. [Allotrope]" . "The URI value is here a literal represented by xsd:anyURI datatype. It is not an RDF resource reference. [Allotrope]" . "scalar URI datum" . . . "boolean vector" . "boolean vector datum" . "boolean vector value" . "A vector boolean datum is a vector datum that has only boolean scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector boolean datum" . . . "string vector" . "string vector datum" . "A vector boolean datum is a vector datum that has only string scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector string datum" . . . "datetime vector" . "datetime vector datum" . "timestamp vector" . "timestamp vector datum" . "vector datetime datum" . "A vector boolean datum is a vector datum that has only timestamp scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector timestamp datum" . . . "URI vector" . "URI vector datum" . "A vector URI datum is a vector datum that has only URI scalar components. [Allotrope]" . "vector URI datum" . . . "baseline data point" . "A baseline point is a data point that is member of a baseline. [Allotrope]" . "baseline point" . . . "The baseline start point is the data point of the baseline with the smallest abscissa value. [Allotrope]" . "baseline start point" . . . "true"^^ . "The baseline start point is the data point of the baseline with the largest abscissa value. [Allotrope]" . "baseline end point" . . . "A baseline facet is a facet that is part of a baseline. [Allotrope]" . "baseline facet" . . . "A baseline facet that denotes the first value of the abscissa that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]" . "baseline start" . . . "A baseline facet that denotes the last value of the abscissa that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]" . "baseline end" . . . "A baseline facet that denotes the first value of the ordinate that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]" . "baseline value at start" . . . "A baseline facet that denotes the last value of the ordinate that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]" . "baseline value at end" . . . "A setting snapshot is a setting for a specific point in time. [Allotrope]" . "The setting can be a collection of subsettings." . "setting snapshot" . . . "A value specification is a specification about constraints on the values of parameters or properties. [Allotrope]" . "The value can be an explicit value, a range of allowed values and the specification can have also pre conditions when the value specification applies. [Allotrope]" . "value specification" . . . "status specification" . "A state specification is a specification about a state that will be realized in some possible future occurence. [Allotrope]" . "A specification about a device running, or pausing." . "state specification" . . . "A trigger specification that specifies a trigger that triggers after a certain period of time. [Allotrope]" . "time trigger specification" . . . "An event specification is a specification about a point in time when a specific situation is realized or at process boundary. [Allotrope]" . "event specification" . . . "concept coordination" . "coordination" . "term coordination" . "A class coordination is a facet of a definition of a class that expresses some differentia. [Allotrope]" . "class coordination" . . . "An end event specification is an event specification that is about the end of some process. [Allotrope]" . "end event specification" . . . "A start event specification is an event specification that is about the start of some process. [Allotrope]" . "start event specification" . . . "true"^^ . "A parallel procedure specification is a procedure specification having a set of activity specifications, that are to be realized in parallel. [Allotrope]" . "parallel procedure specification" . . . "A flow specification is a specification on how material or information is transferred or exchanged between subsequent activities. It links activity specifications using the direction contextual roles 'to role' and 'from role'. [Allotrope]" . "flow specification" . . . "A material flow specification is a flow specification about material transfers between processes. [Allotrope]" . "A material produced in a preparation activity is consumed in the next step. A procedure specification of this process contains a material flow specification linking the preparation activity with the consumption activity. [Allotrope]" . "material flow specification" . . . "information flow specification" . "A data flow specification is a flow specification about how information is exchanged between processes. [Allotrope]" . "data flow specification" . . . "A definition is a proposition that succinctly characterizes an entity. [Allotrope]" . "definition" . . . "A quality quantification facet is a quantification facet that is a data output of some measurement and quantifies some measured quality. [Allotrope]" . "quality quantification facet" . . . "temperature datum" . "A temperature (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some temperature. [Allotrope]" . "temperature" . . . "osmolality datum" . "A osmolality (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some osmolality. [Allotrope]" . "osmolality" . . . "conductivity datum" . "A conductivity (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some conductivity. [Allotrope]" . "conductivity" . . . "intensity datum" . "relative response function" . "signal intensity" . "Intensity (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies the relative magnitude of a signal. [Allotrope]" . "intensity" . . . "wavenumber datum" . "Wavenumber (datum) is a quantity facet that is the reciprocal of the wavelength or the number of waves per unit length along the direction of propagation. [Allotrope]" . "wavenumber" . . . "An interferogram is a data distribution function of interference between a reference wave and an experimental wave produced by an interferometer. [Allotrope]" . "interferogram" . . . "A Raman interferogram is an interferogram produced by FT Raman spectroscopy. [Allotrope]" . "Raman interferogram" . . . "substance name" . "The analyte name is a name of a material that has the role of an analyte in an analysis assay. [Allotrope]" . "analyte name" . . . "plan specification name" . "recipe name" . "A method name is a name that denotes a plan specification (method). [Allotrope]" . "method name" . . . "International Vocabulary of Metrology \u2013 Basic and General Concepts and Associated Terms (VIM 3rd edition) JCGM 200:2012" . "Resolution is a description of the smallest change in a quality being measured by a sensor (measurement instrument, detector) that causes a perceptible change in the corresponding indication. [Allotrope]" . "resolution" . . . "An inclusive gateway is a transition specification that has multiple activity successors. The process forks into each succeeding activity of the inclusive gateway where the guard condition is true. [Allotrope]" . "inclusive gateway" . . . "An exclusive gateway is a transition specification that has multiple conditional activity successors and an optional default transition. The guard conditions on the successors are checked and at most one of them must be true at the runtime. If no guard condition is met then the optional default transition is done or the process terminates. [Allotrope]" . "exclusive gateway" . . . "time offset" . "A delay is a process property that describes a difference in time between a process boundary and some other point in time. [Allotrope]" . "delay" . . . . "end" . "end command" . "stop" . "A stop command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute the stopping logic. [Allotrope]" . "This command is valid when the procedural element is in the running, pausing, paused, holding, held, or restarting state. [ISA-88]" . "stop command" . . . . "pause" . "wait" . "wait command" . "A pause command is a process command that orders the procedural element to pause at the next programmed pause transition within its sequencing logic and await a resume command before proceeding. [Allotrope]" . "This command is only valid in the running state. [ISA-88]" . "pause command" . . . . "restart" . "A restart command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute the restarting logic to safely return to the running state. [Allotrope]" . "This command is only valid when the procedural element is in the held state. [ISA-88]" . "restart command" . . . . "abort" . "An abort command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute an aborting logic. [Allotrope]" . "The command is valid in every state except for idle, completed, aborting and aborted. [ISA-88]" . "abort command" . . . . "hold" . "A hold command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute the holding logic. [Allotrope]" . "This command is valid when the procedural element is in the running, pausing, paused or restarting state. [ISA-88]" . "hold command" . . . . "reset" . "A reset command is a process command that causes a transition to the idle state. [Allotrope]" . "This command is valid from the complete, aborted, and stopped states. [ISA-88]" . "reset command" . . . . "resume" . "A resume command is a process command that orders a procedural element that has paused at a programmed transition as the result of either a pause command or a single step mode to resume execution. [Allotrope]" . "This command is only valid when the procedural element is in the paused state. [ISA-88]" . "resume command" . . . "true"^^ . "set command" . "A control command is an action specification that specifies a setting to be set by a controlling process. [Allotrope]" . "control command" . . . "A part specification is a specification about parthood. Targets of this specifications are parts of some whole. [Allotrope]" . "part specification" . . . "An ingredient specification is a part specification about ingredients in a portion of mixed materials. [Allotrope]" . "ingredient specification" . . . "item specification" . "A member specification is a part specification about members of a collection or an object aggregate. [Allotrope]" . "member specification" . . . "A component specification is a part specification about the components of a system. [Allotrope]" . "component specification" . . . "A grain specification is a part specification about the granular parts of a whole. [Allotrope]" . "grain specification" . . . "A facet specification is a part specifications about some facet of an information content entity. [Allotrope]" . "facet specification" . . . "A condition that is fulfilled if a given value falls into a given range of values. [Allotrope]" . "value in range condition" . . . "boolean condition" . "flag" . "switch" . "A condition that is fulfilled if a given boolean value agrees to the specified boolean value. [Allotrope]" . "flag (condition)" . . . "accepted deviation" . "allowed deviation" . "tolerance" . "Range of values of allowed deviation for a given value. [Allotrope]" . "Tolerance range of +/- 1 \u00B0C of a temperature value." . "tolerance range" . . . "status condition" . "A condition that is fulfilled if a specified situation occurs. [Allotrope]" . "state condition" . . . "density" . "mass concentration datum" . "A mass concentration datum is a datum that quantifies some mass concentration quality. [Allotrope]" . "mass concentration" . . . "formula" . "formula (mathematics)" . "A formula is a notation of a term, fact, rule or function expressed in terms of mathematical symbols. [Allotrope]" . "formula (math)" . . . "diagnostic profile" . "A diagnostic trace is a data distribution function that records the output of some diagnostic monitoring process over time. [Allotrope]" . "diagnostic trace" . . . "polarity datum" . "Polarity is a quality quantification facet that describes the positive or negative direction of an electrical, acoustical or magnetic force relative to a reference state. [Allotrope]" . "polarity" . . . "A polarity code is a code that indicates a polarity. [Allotrope]" . "polarity code" . . . "A brand name is a marketed name given by a maker of a product to a product or class of products, especially a trademark. [Allotrope]" . "brand name" . . . "The part number is a model number of a class of device parts, specified by the device manufacturer. [Allotrope]" . "part number" . . . "A step interpolation algorithm is an interpolation algorithm\u00A0where two subsequent points are interpolated by a step function that switches from the first ordinate value to the second ordinate value at the center of the abscissa values. [Allotrope]" . "step interpolation algorithm" . . . "firmware version" . "A version number that identifies software. [Allotrope]" . "software version" . . . "A process quantification facet is a quantification facet that is the output of some measurement over a process or temporal region. [Allotrope]" . "process quantification facet" . . . . "A correlation coefficient is a numerical measure of some type of correlation, meaning a statistical relationship between two variables. [Wikipedia]" . "correlation coefficient" . . . "evaluation" . "rating" . "An assessment is a proposition about the judgement on a situation after considering the information known about it. [Allotrope]" . "assessment" . . . "volume datum" . "A volume datum is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some amount of 3-dimensional space an entity occupies. [Allotrope]" . "volume" . . . "mass datum" . "A mass datum is a quality quantification facet that quantifies some amount of matter. [Allotrope]" . "mass" . . . "A statistical facet is a mathematical facet that is part of some statistics. [Allotrope]" . "statistical facet" . . . "current datum" . "Current is a quality quantification datum that quantifies the ability to conduct an electrical charge. [PATO]" . "current" . . . "A qualification is a proposition that an entity meets the requirements of a specific right or objective. [Allotrope]" . "qualification" . . . "A requirement is a proposition that states a set of conditions that have to be fulfilled to achieve some specific objective. [Allotrope]" . "requirement" . "The goal can be stated in a prescriptive (laws) or directive (plans) way. [Allotrope]" . . . "Energy amount is a quantification of the energy quality of a material or the amount of energy. [Allotrope]" . "energy" . "Energy is a material entity in BFO, so the energy quantification is about is amount quality. Material (matter) can bear energy, in this case it is the quantification of the energy quality." . . . "flow rate datum" . "Flow rate is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the motion of material through a surface per time. [Allotrope]" . "flow rate" . . . "uniform naming convention path" . "universal naming convention path" . "An UNC path is a file path for a file location in a network that is specified by the universal naming convention. [Allotrope]" . "\\\\\\\\ComputerName\\\\SharedFolder\\\\Resource" . "UNC path" . . . . "UNC" . "uniform naming convention" . "The universal naming convention is a specification for the syntax of an identifier for a location of a network resource, such as a shared file, directory or printer in Microsoft Windows. [Allotrope]" . "universal naming convention" . . . "voltage datum" . "Voltage is a quality quantification facet which quantifies the difference in electric potential energy between two points per unit electric charge. [Wikipedia]" . "voltage" . . . "power datum" . "Power is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the rate of doing work. [PATO]" . "power" . . . "pressure datum" . "Pressure is a quality quantification facet that quantifies the mount of force excerted per unit area. [PATO]" . "pressure" . . . "A file name is a name that denotes a file in a file system. It is a local identifier in the scope of the folder the file is located. [Allotrope]" . "file name" . . . "A file path is an identifier for a file in a filesystem or network. [Allotrope]" . "file path" . . . . "Portable Operating System Interface path" . "A POSIX path is a file path for a file location that is specified by the POSIX standard. [Allotrope]" . "POSIX path" . . . . "POSIX" . "Portable Operating System Interface" . "POSIX is a family of standards specified by the IEEE Computer Society for maintaining compatibility between operating systems [Wikipedia]" . "POSIX standard" . . . . "A signature is facet that is a proof of identity and intent of a signer towards some information. [Allotrope]" . "signature" . . . "true"^^ . "analyst" . "Analyst is the role of a person which is an agent in the process of examination. [Allotrope]" . "analyst role" . . . "true"^^ . "conditional role" . "Condition role is a contextual role of an information object that specifies a prerequisite. [Allotrope]" . "condition role" . . . "controller" . "Controller role is a controlling role of some material entity that is controlling some other object or a process. [Allotrope]" . "controller role" . . . "true"^^ . "Denominator is the conceptual role of a scalar that indicates the number of equal parts into which the unit is divided. [Allotrope]" . "denominator" . . . "true"^^ . "An identifier role is the contextual role of an information content entity that identifies another entity. [Allotrope]" . "identifier role" . . . "interpolation" . "An interpolation is the contextual role of a quantity or number that has been the result of an interpolation. [Allotrope]" . "interpolation role" . . . "true"^^ . "Name role is a contextual role of an information content entity that refers to an entity by a non-identifying designation. [Allotrope]" . "name role" . . . "true"^^ . "nominal value" . "2018-07-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A nominal value is a contextual role of an information content entity that states an asserted value, that is assumed to be true. [Allotrope]" . "nominal datum" . . . "true"^^ . "Numerator is the conceptual role of a scalar that indicates the number which is to be divided into equal parts. [Allotrope]" . "numerator" . . . "true"^^ . "objective" . "Objective role is the contextual role of an information object that describes an intent or purpose which is a situation at the process end point. [Allotrope]" . "objective role" . . . "true"^^ . . "parameter" . "parameter (process)" . "process parameter" . "2018-12-19 Added alt labels. [Allotrope]" . "Parameter role is a data input role that is about some useful or critical characteristic of a particular system, for the purpose of identification, controlling, or evaluating the performance, status or conditions in the process. [Allotrope]" . "parameter role" . . . "material cleaned" . "part cleaned" . "part cleaned role" . "2019-10-02 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "Material that is undergoing a cleaning process. [Allotrope]" . "material cleaned role" . . . "reference" . "A role inhered by a participant that is a reference for qualitative or quantitative comparison in relation to other entities. [Allotrope]" . "measuring standard" . "reference role" . . . "selected object" . "selected component" . "2018-07-23 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A selected object is the selection role of the object that is selected from the selection target. [Allotrope]" . "selected object role" . . . "true"^^ . "setting role" . "setting value" . "2018-07-31 Changed definition and pref label. [Allotrope]" . "Setting datum is the contextual role of an information object that specifies some device or process setting. [Allotrope]" . "setting datum" . . . "true"^^ . "A snapshot is the contextual role of an information object that is about a point in time within the bounds of a process. [Allotrope]" . "snapshot" . . . "true"^^ . "specification subject" . "specification target" . "A specification target is the role of a material entity that participates in a specifying process and is what the resulting specification is about. [Allotrope]" . "specification target role" . . . "true"^^ . "Temporal mean is the contextual role of a quantity (quantity value or count) that describes a arithmetic mean of a quantity over time. [Allotrope]" . "temporal mean" . . . "true"^^ . "Time segment is a contextual role of some information object that is about a temporal part in the context of representation of a process. [Allotrope]" . "time segment" . . . "sample" . "A sample role is a type of role whose bearer is a material entity that is the output of a sampling. [Allotrope]" . "sample role" . . . "true"^^ . "A contextual role that describes the way information is participating in some process from a causal dependency perspective. [Allotrope]" . "processing role" . . . "true"^^ . "The role of some datum forming the maximum or minimum value in a range or collection of values. [Allotrope]" . "bound role" . . . "The role of a datum that is smaller than all data in an ordered range or collection. [Allotrope]" . "lower bound" . . . "The role of a datum that is greater than all data in an ordered range or collection. [Allotrope]" . "upper bound" . . . "true"^^ . "data output" . "result" . "Data output role is a type of contextual role of an information artifact that is the output of a process. [Allotrope]" . "data output role" . . . "true"^^ . "data input" . "Data input role is a type of contextual role of an information artifact that is the input of a process. [Allotrope]" . "data input role" . . . "true"^^ . "An aggregation role is a contextual role of an information entity that is participant of an aggregation process. [Allotrope]" . "aggregation role" . . . "Aggregate role is the contextual role of an information content entity that is a collection of others. [Allotrope]" . "aggregate role" . . . "Member role is the contextual role of an information object that is member of some collection. [Allotrope]" . "member role" . . . "true"^^ . "description" . "description role" . "A role of an information content entity that is meant to describe an object. [Allotrope]" . "descriptive purpose" . . . "true"^^ . "A description of the cause-consequence relation of processes. [Allotrope]" . "causal role" . . . "true"^^ . "Cause is the causal role of an information content entity that is about something causally dependent for another thing. [Allotrope]" . "cause" . . . "true"^^ . "effect" . "Consequence is the causal role of an information content entity that is about something causally resultant from another thing. [Allotrope]" . "consequence" . . . "true"^^ . "An invariant is the contextual role of an information object that is about a situation that does not change during the whole process. [Allotrope]" . "invariant" . . . "true"^^ . "A post condition is the temporal contextual role of an information content entity that is about the situation, that is a condition so that a process can end or achieve its goal. [Allotrope]" . "post condition" . . . "true"^^ . "A precondition is the temporal contextual role of an information content entity that is about the situation, that is a condition so that a process can start. [Allotrope]" . "precondition" . . . "true"^^ . "designative role" . "A designative purpose is a type of contextual role of information artifacts that denote an entity in order to describe its characteristics. [Allotrope]" . "designative purpose" . . . "An index role is a contextual role of an information object that denotes to another object that is part of an aggregation and it is the data output of some indexing process. [Allotrope]" . "index role" . . . "true"^^ . "directive" . "directive role" . "specification" . "specification datum" . "specification role" . "specified datum" . "specified value" . "2018-07-31 Changed definition and pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A directive purpose or specification role is a type of contextual role of information content entities that are about an entity with a purpose to give directions. [Allotrope]" . "directive purpose" . . . "true"^^ . "A contextual role of information that describes some social rules that are imposed on the use of some entity, that a member of the social community has to follow. [Allotrope]" . "prescriptive purpose" . . . "true"^^ . "A contextual role of information that is dependent on some temporal region or process boundary. [Allotrope]" . "temporal role" . . . "true"^^ . "exception" . "A contextual role of information the describes an unexpected, unusual or unintended situation. [Allotrope]" . "exception role" . . . "true"^^ . "2018-12-19 Changed definition. [Allotrope]" . "A variable is the contextual role of some data that is part of some other data that is varied in a mathematical function or during data processing. [Allotrope]" . "variable" . . . "true"^^ . . "A dependent variable is a contextual role of an information artifact that represents the outputs or outcomes whose variation is being studied. [Wikipedia]" . "dependent variable" . . . "true"^^ . . "An independent variable is a contextual role of an information artifact that represents inputs or causes for variation of a dependent variable. In the experimental setting, the independent variable is controlled by the experimenter. Models and experiments test or determine the effects that the independent variables have on the dependent variables. [Wikipedia]" . "independent variable" . . . "true"^^ . "actual value" . "observed value" . "2018-07-19 Changed pref label and definition. [Allotrope]" . "A actual value is the contextual role of an information content entity that is the direct or indirect output of some observation and describes some quality. [Allotrope]" . "actual datum" . . . "The role inhered in a material entity that sends the transferred object in a transfer process. [Allotrope]" . "sender role" . . . "The role inhered in a material entity that receives the transferred object in a transfer process. [Allotrope]" . "receiver role" . . . "medium" . "A transfer medium is the role of a material that carries the transfered flow. [Allotrope]" . "transfer medium role" . . . "true"^^ . "At end is the contextual role of an information content entity that is about the end of a process. [Allotrope]" . "at end" . . . "true"^^ . "At start is the contextual role of an information content entity that is about the start of a process. [Allotrope]" . "at start" . . . "true"^^ . "During is the contextual role of an information object that is about something within a temporal range of a process. [Allotrope]" . "during" . . . "detection stimulant" . "A role inhered when the presence of the bearer indicates the presence of the detection target in a detection process. [Allotrope]" . "detection stimulant role" . . . "transfer role" . "A role that is realized in some transfer process. [Allotrope]" . "transferring role" . . . "Storage medium is the role of a material or site where something is stored. [Allotrope]" . "storage medium role" . . . "A role that is realized in some storing process. [Allotrope]" . "storage role" . . . "selection population" . "selection set" . "selection target" . "The selection target is the role of a participant in a selection process from which partitions are selected. [Allotrope]" . "selection target role" . . . "true"^^ . "analyte" . "The component of a system to be analyzed. [CHMO]" . "analyte role" . . . "The role of a material that is the flow by which means a linking process is established. [Allotrope]" . "linking medium role" . . . "true"^^ . "calculated value" . "2018-07-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A datum that is the result of some calculation. [Allotrope]" . "calculated datum" . . . "true"^^ . "A derived measure is a measure that is the outcome of some indirect measurement. The derived value is derived from base measures by calculations following a formula or algorithm. [Allotrope]" . "derived measure" . . . "true"^^ . "A base measure is a measure that is the direct output of some measurement process. [Allotrope]" . "base measure" . . . "true"^^ . "measured value" . "A measure is an actual value that is the direct or indirect outcome of some measurement and refers to some metric. [Allotrope]" . "measure" . . . "true"^^ . "A contextual role is a representation of a specific interpretation of the information content object or of the circumstances that the information content object is referencing to. [Allotrope]" . "objective of a specification" . "parameter of a calculation" . "result of a measurement" . "contextual role" . . . "Indexed member is the member role that has an index facet. [Allotrope]" . "indexed member" . . . "Ordered member is a member role that has an ordering within the collection. [Allotrope]" . "ordered member" . . . . "experiment sample" . "An experiment sample is a role that is played by a material object of interest in an assay used to obtain generalizable information about the sample source. [Allotrope]" . "experiment sample role" . . . "coated material" . "substrate" . "substrate role" . "A coated material is a coating role of a material whose surface is being coated by another material which it covers. [Allotrope]" . "coated material role" . . . "coating" . "coating medium" . "coating medium role" . "A coating role is the role of a material that coats another material (the substrate). [Allotrope]" . "coating role" . . . "measurand" . "A measurand role is a measurement role of a material entity that is being measured. [Allotrope]" . "measurand role" . . . "additive" . "Additive is a role of material that is added to a mixture in order to achieve a supportive purpose. [Allotrope]" . "additive role" . . . "false"^^ . . . . "PAC, 1996, 68, 155 (Glossary of terms used in chemical kinetics, including reaction dynamics.)" . "catalyst" . "A catalyst role is a reagent role of a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without modifying the overall standard Gibbs energy change in the reaction; the process is called catalysis. The catalyst is both a reactant and product of the reaction. [IUPAC]" . "catalyst role" . . . "debris" . "Debris is a role of material to be waste. [Allotrope]" . "debris role" . . . . . "PAC, 1972, 31, 577 (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry) on page 612" . "detergent" . "A detergent role is a cleaning role of a surface active agent (or a mixture containing one of more surface active agents) having cleaning properties in dilute solution. [IUPAC]" . "detergent role" . . . "diluent" . "Diluent is a role of material used to lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture of another ingredient. [NCI]" . "diluent role" . . . "dispersant" . "A dispersant is either a non-surface active polymer or a surface-active substance added to a suspension, usually a colloid, to improve the separation of particles and to prevent settling or clumping. [Wikipedia]" . "dispersant role" . . . . "excipient" . "Excipient is a role of a generally pharmacologically inactive substance that is formulated with the active ingredient of a medication. [ChEBI]" . "excipient role" . . . "true"^^ . "filtrate" . "Filtrate is a role of liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. [Wikipedia]" . "filtrate role" . . . "intermedate reagent role" . "intermediate" . "intermediate reagent role" . "intermediate role" . "reaction intermediate" . "Intermediate role is a role of material that is formed from reactants (or preceding intermediates) and reacts further to give the directly observed products of a chemical reaction. [Wikipedia]" . "reaction intermediate role" . . . "marker" . "A marker is a role of material to allow for identification of an object of interest. [Allotrope]" . "marker role" . . . "reactant" . "starting material" . "Reactant role is a role of a chemical entity that is present at the start of a reaction. [Allotrope]" . "reactant role" . . . "true"^^ . . . "PAC, 1972, 31, 577 (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry) on page 608" . "retentate" . "The retentate role is the role of the material that is retained by a filtration process. [Allotrope]" . "retentate role" . . . "standard" . "standard role" . "Standard material role is a role of material that is set up and established by authority as a reference material for the measure of quantity, weight, extent, value, or quality. [Allotrope]" . "standard material role" . . . "detergent" . "detergent role" . "washing agent" . "washing agent role" . "Cleaning agent role is a role of material used for cleaning something. [Allotrope]" . "cleaning agent role" . . . "origin" . "origin role" . "2018-08-10 Changed labels [Allotrope]" . "Origin is the contextual role of an information object that is about the spatio-temporal location at the beginning of a process that changes it. [Allotrope]" . "origin datum" . _:genid4 . _:genid4 . _:genid5 . _:genid5 _:genid4 . _:genid6 _:genid5 . _:genid6 . . _:genid6 . "true"^^ . "relative value" . "A relative datum is the contextual role of a datum that is about a quantity or number that is the result of a ratio or difference calculation or an assertion of magnitude relative to a reference entity. [Allotrope]" . "relative datum" . . . "ingredient" . "Ingredient is a role of material that is used in a material combining process to produce a new material. [Allotrope]" . "ingredient role" . . . "The sum is the contextual role of numerical data that results from the addition of two or more numbers, amounts, or items. [Allotrope]" . "sum" . . . "A version role is the contextual role of an information content entity that denotes a specific variant in the history. [Allotrope]" . "version role" . . . "validation" . "validation sample" . "An validation sample role is a sample role of a material sample that is used for validation purposes. [Allotrope]" . "validation sample role" . . . "control" . "control sample" . "An control sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a known amount of analyte for control purposes. [Allotrope]" . "control sample role" . . . "calibration sample" . "An calibration sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a known amount of substance for calibration purposes. [Allotrope]" . "calibration sample role" . . . "standard" . "standard sample" . "An standard sample role is a sample role of a material sample that does contain a known amount of standard. [Allotrope]" . "standard sample role" . . . "unknown" . "unknown sample" . "An unknown sample role is a sample role of a material of an unknown substance, or that does contain an unknown amount of analyte. [Allotrope]" . "unknown sample role" . . . "quality control" . "quality control sample" . "An quality control sample role is a control sample role of a material that is used for purposes of quality control. [Allotrope]" . "quality control sample role" . . . "reference" . "reference sample" . "An reference sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a known amount of analyte. [Allotrope]" . "reference sample role" . . . "blank" . "blank sample" . "blank sample role" . "An blank role is a sample role of a material that does not contain any analyte. [Allotrope]" . "blank role" . . . "spike" . "spike role" . "spike sample" . "A spiked sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a spike substance. [Allotrope]" . "spiked sample role" . . . "unspiked" . "unspiked sample" . "An unspiked sample role is a sample role of a material sample that does not contain a spike substance. [Allotrope]" . "unspiked sample role" . . . "true"^^ . "Spatio-temporal role is a type of contextual role of an information artifact that denotes an entity in a spatio-temporal context. [Allotrope]" . "spatio-temporal role" . . . "destination" . "destination role" . "2018-08-10 Changed labels [Allotrope]" . "Destination is the contextual role of an information object that is about the spatio-temporal location at the end of a process that changes it. [Allotrope]" . "destination datum" . . . "true"^^ . "expression role" . "term" . "term role" . "A role of a mathematical information object as component of a mathematical formula. [Allotrope]" . "term mathematical role" . . . "solvent" . "Solvent is the role of a potion of liquid material when it dissolves a solute in order to produce a solution. [Allotrope]" . "solvent role" . . . "dissolved compound" . "dissolved substance" . "solute" . "solvated compound" . "Solute is the role a portion of material when it is dissolved within a solution. [Allotrope]" . "solute role" . . . . "discontinuous phase" . "dispersed phase" . "The dispersed phase role is the dispersion role of a portion of material in a dispersion, that is distributed in the form of discrete discontinuities\n(particles, droplets or bubbles), in a second immiscible phase that is\ncontinuous. [NIST]" . "dispersed phase role" . . . . "continuous medium" . "continuous medium role" . "continuous phase" . "The continuous phase role is the dispersion role of a portion of material constituting the medium, a phase that exhibits continuity throughout the\ndispersion. [NIST]" . "continuous phase role" . . . "The role of a portion of material that participates in a dispersion process to form a colloid. [Allotrope]" . "dispersion role" . . . "The role of a portion of material that participates in a dissolution process to form a solution. [Allotrope]" . "dissolution role" . . . "true"^^ . "A contextual role that describes an interpretation in a mathematical model. [Allotrope]" . "coordinate" . "variable" . "mathematical role" . . . "true"^^ . "abscissa" . "The x-coordinate is the Cartesian coordinate in the first dimension of a 2- or 3-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. [Allotrope]" . "x-coordinate" . . . "true"^^ . "ordinate" . "The y-coordinate is the Cartesian coordinate in the second dimension of a 2- or 3-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. [Allotrope]" . "y-coordinate" . . . "true"^^ . "The contextual role of a scalar as component of a vector or tuple in a coordinate system specifying a point in space. [Allotrope]" . "coordinate" . . . "true"^^ . . "A Cartesian coordinate is a coordinate in a Cartesian coordinate system, that specifies each point uniquely in an n-dimensional Euclidean space . These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes. [Allotrope, Wikipedia]" . "Cartesian coordinate" . . . "reference purpose" . "reference role" . "A reference datum is the contextual role of some information content entity that is referenced in the context of another information content entity for the purpose of comparison. It describes or denotes an object that has the role of a reference role. [Allotrope]" . "reference datum" . . . "temporal reference" . "The role of some data piece of information that acts as reference for stating relative time. [Allotrope]" . "temporal reference role" . . . "operator" . "Operator is the role of a person which controls or uses a device in an agent role. [Allotrope]" . "operator role" . . . "A role which is played by a participant in a selection process. [Allotrope]" . "selection role" . . . "The role of a participant of a cleaning process. [Allotrope]" . "cleaning role" . . . "true"^^ . "about role" . "information subject role" . "information target role" . "2018-08-03 Change labels [Allotrope]" . "A role of an entity in some information producing process that produces information about this entity. [Allotrope]" . "subject role" . . . "The role of a participant in a detecting process. [Allotrope]" . "detection role" . . . "detection target" . "The role inhered by being the objective of a detecting activity. [Allotrope]" . "detection target role" . . . "A role of a participant in an analysis assay. [Allotrope]" . "analysis role" . . . "A role of a participant in a measurement. [Allotrope]" . "measurement role" . . . "A role of a participant in a linking process. [Allotrope]" . "linking role" . . . "A role of a participant in a controlling process. [Allotrope]" . "controlling role" . . . "control target" . "control target role" . "controlled object" . "Controlled object is the role of a material entity that is being controlled by a controller in a controlling process. [Allotrope]" . "controlled object role" . . . "The role of a portion of material that participates in a dilution process. [Allotrope]" . "dilution role" . . . "result" . "Result role is a data output role that applies to new information produced by a process. [Allotrope]" . "result role" . . . "A ratio datum is a relative datum that expresses the relative magnitude as a ratio of the magnitude of the subject to that of the reference entity. [Allotrope]" . "ratio datum" . . . "A difference datum is a relative datum that expresses the relative magnitude as a difference or interval of the magnitude of the subject to that of the reference entity. [Allotrope]" . "difference datum" . . . "A relation role is a contextual role of an information content entity that is about a relation of the subject of the information content entity to another entity. [Allotrope]" . "relation role" . . . "first" . "A first member is an ordered member that has no predecessor in the aggregate. [Allotrope]" . "first member" . . . "last" . "A last member is an ordered member that has no successor in the aggregate. [Allotrope]" . "last member" . . . "A statistical role is a contextual role of data in statistics. [Allotrope]" . "statistical role" . . . . "average" . "mean" . "The arithmetic mean is the statistical role of datum that is the sum of a collection of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the collection. [Wikipedia]" . "arithmetic mean" . . . . "The median is a statistical datum that denotes the value separating the higher half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half. [Wikipedia]" . "median" . . . . "Skewness is a statistical datum that is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or undefined. [Wikipedia]" . "skewness" . . . . "The variance is a statistical role of a datum that denotes the expectation of the squared deviation of a random variable from its mean. [Wikipedia]" . "variance" . . . . "A statistical sample role is the contextual role of a subset of a statistical population that is chosen to represent the population in a statistical analysis. [Wikipedia]" . "statistical sample role" . . . . "population" . "population role" . "statistical population" . "A statistical population role is the statistical role of a set of similar items or events which is of interest for some question or experiment (the statistical population). A statistical population can be a group of existing entities or a hypothetical and potentially infinite group of entities conceived as a generalization from experience. [Wikipedia]" . "the class of living cells is the population role in the 'average living cell diameter' result datum of a cell counter result" . "statistical population role" . . . . "aleatory variable" . "random quantity" . "stochastic variable" . "In probability and statistics, a random variable, random quantity, aleatory variable, or stochastic variable is a variable whose possible values are outcomes of a random phenomenon. [Wikipedia]" . "random variable" . . . "statistic" . "statistical result" . "A statistic datum is the summary output of descriptive statistics on a statistical population. [Allotrope]" . "statistic datum" . . . "trigger value" . "An trigger datum is the role of a datum that specifies some situation about a system or environment participating in a process that should trigger the start of another process. [Allotrope]" . "trigger datum" . . . . "An survival range is the contextual role of an description or specification of about an environment in which the operation of a system can or should operate without damaging the system. [Allotrope]" . "survival range" . . . "alert value" . "An alert datum is a trigger datum that specifies a trigger that initiates a notification process that warns about an unintended situation. [Allotrope]" . "alert datum" . . . . "domain" . "domain (mathematics)" . "2018-12-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A domain is the mathematical role of the set a function is applied on. [Allotrope]" . "domain (math)" . . . "codomain" . "codomain (mathematics)" . "2018-12-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A codomain is the mathematical role of the set a function maps to. [Allotrope]" . "codomain (math)" . . . "detector" . "The detector role is a detection role of a material entity that is detecting some other entity. [Allotrope]" . "detector role" . . . "A synthesis role is a role of a material that is participating in a synthesis (material conversion) process. [Allotrope]" . "synthesis role" . . . "A formulation role is a role of a material that is participating in a formulation process. [Allotrope]" . "formulation role" . . . "Particulate phase role is the role of the particles dispersed in a gel, sol or aerosol. [NIST, Allotrope]" . "particulate phase" . . . "API" . "active pharmaceutical ingredient" . "The role of a material in a drug product that is biologically active when interacting with other components of the drug product, other potential drug products, or the chemistry of the body into which the drug will be applied. [Allotrope]" . "active pharmaceutical ingredient role" . . . "specimen" . "Specimen role is the sample role of a prepared fraction of a portion of material that is analyzed in a particular experiment. [Allotrope]" . "specimen role" . . . "by-product" . "A material role of an expected but not desired product of a synthesis. [Allotrope]" . "the leaving group in a de-protection step." . "by-product role" . . . "chemical product" . "product" . "A role of a material that is intended and desired to be produced in a synthesis. [Allotrope]" . "product role" . . . "batch" . "lot" . "lot role" . "Batch role is a product role of a portion of material that is intended to have uniform character and quality, within specified limits, and is produced according to a single manufacturing order during the same cycle of manufacture. [Allotrope, CFR21]" . "batch role" . . . "A filtration role is a role of a material in a filtration process. [Allotrope]" . "filtration role" . . . "flush" . "rinse" . "rinse solution" . "rinsing agent" . "rinsing role" . "rinsing solution" . "2019-09-20 Changed definition. [Allotrope]" . "The rinse solution role is a cleaning agent role of a fluid used to flush something in order to remove contaminants. [Allotrope]" . "rinse solution role" . . . "impurity" . "A material role for any component of material that is not part of the defined product at the particular stage of manufacture or storage. [Allotrope]" . "For example a starting material is not an impurity at the start of a reaction but it is an impurity after the final purification step." . "impurity role" . . . "degradation product" . "A degradation product is an impurity resulting from a chemical change in the drug substance brought about during manufacture and/or storage of the new drug product by the effect of, for example, light, temperature, pH, water, or by reaction with an excipient and/or the immediate container closure system. [ICH-Q3B]" . "degradation product role" . _:genid7 . _:genid7 . _:genid8 . _:genid8 _:genid7 . _:genid9 _:genid8 . _:genid9 . . _:genid9 . "true"^^ . "unidentified degradation product" . "A degradation product role for which a structural characterization has not been achieved and that is defined solely by qualitative analytical properties (e.g., chromatographic retention time). [ICH-Q3A]" . "unidentified degradation product role" . _:genid10 . _:genid10 . _:genid11 . _:genid11 _:genid10 . _:genid12 _:genid11 . _:genid12 . . _:genid12 . "true"^^ . "unspecified degradation product" . "A degradation product role that is limited by a general acceptance criterion, but not individually listed with its own specific acceptance criterion, in the new drug product specification. [ICH-Q3A]" . "unspecified degradation product role" . . . "classification role" . "A contextual role of information that classifies some of some entity into a category, class or schema. [Allotrope]" . "classification purpose" . . . "A sampling role is a role of an object aggregate or a member of that aggregate that participates in a sampling process on the aggregate. [Allotrope]" . "sampling role" . . . "population" . "The population role is the sampling role of the object aggregate that is object of the sampling. [Allotrope]" . "The statistical population contextual role is the related contextual role of an information object describing the population." . "population role" . . . "sample set" . "The sample set role is the role of the partition of the population object aggregate that was selected in the sampling process. [Allotrope]" . "sample set role" . . . "true"^^ . "A spatial role is the contextual role of some information context object that is about spatial location, orientation, or relative positioning. [Allotrope]" . "left, right, above, below, inside, outside, parallel" . "spatial role" . . . . "An approver is the role of an organizational entity that approves something. [Allotrope]" . "approver" . . . . . "A researcher is the role of an organizational entity that researches something. [Allotrope]" . "researcher" . . . . "An investigator is a researcher that is doing an investigation. [Allotrope]" . "investigator" . . . . "A reviewer is the role of an agent that reviews some information. [Allotrope]" . "reviewer" . . . . . "signatory" . "A signer is the role of the agent in a signing process. [Allotrope]" . "signer" . . . "A calibration role is role of a material entity that participates in a calibration process. [Allotrope]" . "calibration role" . . . . "ISO Guide 30" . "http://www.citac.cc/CITAC_EURACHEM_GUIDE.pdf" . "calibration material" . "calibration material role" . "reference material" . "standard" . "standard material" . "standard material role" . "A reference material role is the role of a material used in a calibration whose qualities are sufficiently homogenous and well established to be used as reference. [Allotrope]" . "reference material role" . . . "A role for a material used in the synthesis of a new drug substance that is incorporated as an element into the structure of an intermediate and/or of the new drug substance. [ICH-Q3A]" . "Starting materials are normally commercially available and of defined chemical and physical properties and structure. [ICH-Q3A]" . "starting material role" . . . "A reagent role of the material with the least mole quantity in a chemical process and as such limits the amount of product that can be formed. [Allotrope]" . "limiting reagent role" . . . "enantiomere" . "enantiomeric impurity" . "An enantiomeric impurity is the impurity role of a compound with the same molecular formula as the drug substance that differs in the spatial arrangement of atoms within the molecule and is a non-superimposable mirror image. [ICH-Q3A]" . "enantiomeric impurity role" . . . "contaminant" . "contaminant role" . "extraneous contaminant" . "An extraneous contaminant role is an impurity role arising from any source extraneous to the manufacturing process. [ICH-Q3A]" . "extraneous contaminant role" . . . "identified impurity" . "An impurity for which a structural characterization has been achieved. [ICH-Q3A]" . "identified impurity role" . . . "potential impurity" . "An impurity role for a material that theoretically can arise during manufacture or storage. It may or may not actually appear in the new drug substance. [ICH-Q3A]" . "potential impurity role" . . . "specified impurity" . "An impurity that is individually listed and limited with aspecific acceptance criterion in the new drug substance specification. A specified impurity can be either identified or unidentified. [ICH-Q3A]" . "specified impurity role" . . . "unidentified impurity" . "An impurity for which a structural characterization has not been achieved and that is defined solely by qualitative analytical properties (e.g., chromatographic retention time). [ICH-Q3A]" . "unidentified impurity role" . . . "unspecified impurity" . "An impurity role that is limited by a general acceptance criterion, but not individually listed with its own specific acceptance criterion, in the new drug substance specification. [ICH-Q3A]" . "unspecified impurity role" . . . "identified degradation product" . "A degradation product role for which a structural characterization has been achieved. [ICH-Q3A]" . "identified degradation product role" . . . "specified degradation product" . "A degradation product role that is individually listed and limited with a specific acceptance criterion in the new drug product specification. A specified degradation product can be either identified or unidentified. [ICH-Q3A]" . "specified degradation product role" . . . "true"^^ . . "internal standard" . "surrogate internal standard" . "Internal standard role is the analysis role of a chemical substance that is added in a constant amount to samples, the blank and calibration standards in a chemical analysis. [Wikipedia]" . "internal standard role" . . . "An approving role is a role that is realized in some approving process. [Allotrope]" . "approving role" . . . "A signing role is a role that is realized in some signing activity. [Allotrope]" . "signing role" . . . "The signed object is the bearer of the information content entity that is signed. [Allotrope]" . "The paper where the signature was written on." . "signed object" . . . "A signing contextual role is a contextual role of information content entities that are participants in a signing process. [Allotrope]" . "signing contextual role" . . . . "signature" . "A signature role is the role of an information object that is associated with some information and provides a proof of identity and intent of the signer. [Allotrope]" . "signature role" . . . "signed content" . "Signed content role is the signing contextual role of the information content entity that is being signed. [Allotrope]" . "A contract signed." . "An approval signed." . "The signed content role is the role of the information. The physical bearer of that information has the role of a signed object." . "signed content role" . . . "A submitter role is the role of a material entity that plays the sender of the submitted entity in a submitting process. [Allotrope]" . "submitter" . . . "summary datum" . "An aggregated datum is the role of an information object that is about aggregated or summary information on the aggregate, such as statistics, count or sums of member data. [Allotrope]" . "aggregated datum" . . . "product" . "product (mathematics)" . "The product is the contextual role of numerical data that results from the multiplication of two or more numbers, amounts, or items. [Allotrope]" . "product (math)" . . . "aggregated feature role" . "The aggregated feature is the role of a description or classification of a property, characteristic or facet of the members of the aggregate that is common to each member and is used to make aggregated data about the aggregate. [Allotrope]" . "the diameter quality is the aggregated feature in the 'average living cell diameter' result datum of a cell counter result" . "If the members of the aggregates are proxies for other information objects, then the aggregated feature is a feature of the information objects the proxies point to." . "aggregated feature" . . . "software agent" . "A software agent is the contextual role of software in the context of a process where a system executes that software and causally is an agent in the process. [Allotrope]" . "software agent role" . . . "A submission role is a role that is realized in a submitting process. [Allotrope]" . "submission role" . . . "A metadata role is a contextual role of an information content entity that is not a parameter or result of a process but describes the context of the process. [Allotrope]" . "metadata role" . . . "destination" . "destination site" . "Destination role is the transferring role of a site of the transferred object at the end of the transferring process. [Allotrope]" . "destination role" . . . "origin" . "origin site" . "Origin role is the transferring role of a site of the transferred object at the start of the transferring process. [Allotrope]" . "origin role" . . . "Transferred object is the role of a material that is being transferred from the sender to the receiver. [Allotrope]" . "transferred object" . . . "received object" . "Sent object is the role of a transferred object at the start of the transferring process. [Allotrope]" . "received object role" . . . "sent object" . "Sent object is the role of a transferred object at the start of the transferring process. [Allotrope]" . "sent object role" . . . "A predecessor role is an ordering role that applies if the information object or the entity it is about is before another one in a sequence. [Allotrope]" . "predecessor role" . . . "A successor role is an ordering role that applies if the information object or the entity it is about is after another one in a sequence. [Allotrope]" . "successor role" . . . "A triggered event is a contextual role of an event specification that when realized is the cause of a trigger. [Allotrope]" . "triggering event" . . . "A triggered event is a contextual role of an event specification that when realized is the consequence of a trigger. [Allotrope]" . "triggered event" . . . "A direction role is a contextual role of some information content entity indicating a direction in a relation. [Allotrope]" . "direction role" . . . "destination" . "destination role" . "target" . "target role" . "to" . "A to role is a direction role indicating that something is going into an target direction. [Allotrope]" . "This is an abstraction of direction, for spatio-temporal role use af-rl:destination datum. [Allotrope]" . "to role" . . . "from" . "origin" . "origin role" . "source" . "source role" . "A from role is a direction role indicating that something is coming from a source. [Allotrope]" . "This is an abstraction of direction, for spatio-temporal role use af-rl:origin datum. [Allotrope]" . "A specification of a material that is a material output of a process has the contextual role of from role in the material flow specification. [Allotrope]" . "from role" . . . "defining role" . "definition role" . "Defining purpose is the contextual role of some information that has the purpose to define an entity. [Allotrope]" . "defining purpose" . . . "An ordering role is a contextual role of an information content entity in the scope of some sequence. [Allotrope]" . "ordering role" . . . "A workflow role is a contextual role of a part of a procedure specfication. [Allotrope]" . "workflow role" . . . "An default transition is a successor role in the scope of an exclusive gateway that specifies the succeeding activity if no guard conditions on the gateway are met. [Allotrope]" . "default transition" . . . "true"^^ . "An expected datum is a descriptive datum that describes a information that was predicted or assumed to be the outcome of some process . [Allotrope]" . "expected datum" . . . "sequential role" . "A workflow role of a single step in a sequentially executed procedure. [Allotrope]" . "A single data acquisition of a data acquisition profile." . "sequential" . . . "loop" . "recurring" . "A single step that can be repeated multiple times during a procedure. [Allotrope]" . "A single data acquisition that is repeated multiple times with the same settings during a data acquisition profile." . "repeatable" . . . "calibrated result" . "A calibrated datum is the contextual role of a datum that is the output of some process that applies a calibration function to a measured datum. [Allotrope]" . "calibrated datum" . . . "parameter" . "parameter (mathematics)" . "A parameter is the contextual role of a datum that is not explicitly varied in a mathematical function or during data processing. [Allotrope]" . "parameter (math)" . . . . "oxidant" . "oxidizer" . "oxidizer role" . "oxidizing agent" . "An oxidant role is a chemical reactant role whereby the substance removes electrons from another reactant in a redox reaction. [Allotrope]" . "oxidant role" . . . . "fuel" . "A fuel role is a chemical reactant role whereby an energy-rich substance is transformed with release of usable energy. [Allotrope]" . "fuel role" . . . "make-up" . "A make-up role is a the additive role of a fluid to adjust total flow rate into a device in order to maximize its efficiency. [Allotrope]" . "make-up role" . . . "coating role" . "A coating process role is a role of a material that participates in a coating activity or the state of being coated. [Allotrope]" . "coating process role" . . . "stored object" . "A stored object is the storage role of an material entity that is being stored in a storage medium. [Allotrope]" . "stored object role" . . . "calibrated instrument" . "unit under test" . "unit under test role" . "A calibrated instrument role is the role of a measurement device that is the target of a calibration. [Allotrope]" . "calibrated instrument role" . . . "Diluted material is the dilution role of a material that is being diluted in the dilution process. [Allotrope]" . "diluted material role" . . . "A changing role is a role realized in some cooling process. [Allotrope]" . "cooling role" . . . . "coolant" . "cooling medium" . "heat transfer fluid" . "A role of a material that acts as a heat sink as it undergoes a phase change [Allotrope]" . "coolant role" . . . "nebulizer support" . "nebulizing support" . "nebulizing support role" . "Nebulizer support role is a support role in converting liquid into aerosol mist. [Allotrope]" . "nebulizer support role" . . . "drying additive" . "drying additive role" . . . "A drying role role is a role realized in some drying process. [Allotrope]" . "drying role" . . . "drying agent" . "drying agent role" . "drying medium" . "A drying medium role is a drying role of a material that takes or transports the solvent from the material being dried. [Allotrope]" . "drying medium role" . . . "dried material" . "dried material role" . "material dried" . "Material dried role is the drying role of the material being dried. [Allotrope]" . "material dried role" . . . "bench" . "A bench (site) is site in a workspace or laboratory where work is being done. [Allotrope]" . "bench (site)" . . . "building" . "building site" . "A building (site) is a site located in a structure with a roof and walls. [Allotrope]" . "building (site)" . . . "A room is a site that is a part or division of a building enclosed by walls, floor, and ceiling. [Allotrope]" . "room" . . . "A campus is a site that is the grounds of a school, hospital, or other institution. [Allotrope]" . "campus" . . . "section" . "A section is a site that is a more or less distinct part of a site into which the site is divided. [Allotrope]" . "section (site)" . . . . "A part of a multicellular organism that is a material with granularity above the level of a protein complex. Or, a substance produced by a multicellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. [Allotrope, CARO]" . "material anatomical entity" . . . . "The mixture of gases (roughly (by molar content/volume: 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide, trace amounts of other gases, and a variable amount (average around 1%) of water vapor) that surrounds the planet Earth. [ENVO]" . "air" . . . "true"^^ . . "goal specification" . "A directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved. [IAO]" . "In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction." . "objective specification" . . . . "A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label [IAO]" . "datum label" . . . "true"^^ . . "Software is a plan specification composed of a series of instructions that can be interpreted by or directly executed by a processing unit. [IAO]" . "software" . . . . "equipment model number" . "instrument model number" . "part number" . "2019-09-19 Add alt label part number. [Allotrope]" . "A model number is an information content entity specifically borne by catalogs, design specifications, advertising materials, inventory systems and similar that is about manufactured objects of the same class. The model number is an alternative term for the class. [IAO]" . "model number" . . . "true"^^ . . "An information content entity that is a mark(s) or character(s) used as a conventional representation of another entity. [IAO]" . "a serial number such as \"12324X\"" . "a stop sign" . "a written proper name such as \"OBI\"" . "symbol" . . . . "information object" . "information content entity" . . . . "dot plot" . "A dot plot is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where each data point is represented by a single dot placed on coordinates corresponding to data point values in particular dimensions. [IAO]" . "Dot plot of SSC-H and FSC-H." . "dot plot" . . . . "two-dimensional graph" . "A diagram that presents one or more tuples of information by mapping those tuples in to a two dimensional space in a non arbitrary way. [IAO]" . "graph" . . . "true"^^ . . "A plan specification which describes the inputs and output of mathematical functions as well as workflow of execution for achieving an predefined objective. Algorithms are realized usually by means of implementation as computer programs for execution by automata. [IAO]" . "algorithm" . . . . "A report is a document assembled by an author for the purpose of providing information for the audience. A report is the output of a documenting process and has the objective to be consumed by a specific audience. Topic of the report is on something that has completed. A report is not a single figure. [IAO]" . "case report (not patient record)" . "grant progress report" . "journal article" . "patent application" . "report" . . . "true"^^ . . "A data format specification is the information content borne by the document published defining the specification. [IAO]" . "The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file [IAO]" . "data format specification" . . . . "An image is an affine projection to a two dimensional surface, of measurements of some quality of an entity or entities repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, where the measurements are represented as color and luminosity on the projected on surface. [IAO]" . "image" . . . . "A version number is an information content entity which is a sequence of characters borne by part of each of a class of manufactured products or its packaging and indicates its order within a set of other products having the same name. [IAO]" . "version number" . . . . "A serial number is an information content entity which is a unique sequence of characters borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging that is assigned to each individual in some class of products, and so can serve as a way to identify an individual product within the class. Serial numbers can be encoded in a variety of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots. [IAO]" . "serial number" . . . . "batch number" . "A lot number is an information content entity which is an identical sequence of character borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging for each instances of a product class in a discrete batch of an item. [IAO]" . "lot number" . . . . "A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc." . "textual entity" . . . "true"^^ . . "A textual entity that describes a figure [IAO]" . "Figure 1: A system diagram describing the modules of the Hanalyzer. Reading methods (green) take external sources of knowledge (blue) and extract information from them, either by parsing structured data or biomedical language processing to extract information from unstructured data. Reading modules are responsible for tracking the provenance of all knowledge. Reasoning methods (yellow) enrich the knowledge that results from reading by, for example, noting two genes that are annotated to the same ontology term or database entry. All knowledge sources, read or reasoned, are assigned a reliability score, and all are combined using that score into a knowledge network (orange) that represents the integration of all sorts of relationship between a pair of genes and a combined reliability score. A data network (also orange) is created from experimental results to be analyzed. The reporting modules (pink) integrate the data and knowledge networks, producing visualizations that can be queried with the associated drill-down tool." . "caption" . . . . "A textual entity that contains a two-dimensional arrangement of texts repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, such that the spatial relationships among the constituent texts expresses propositions [IAO]" . "table" . . . . "An information content entity consisting of a two dimensional arrangement of information content entities such that the arrangement itself is about something. [IAO]" . "Any picture, diagram or table" . "figure" . . . . "A figure that expresses one or more propositions. [IAO]" . "A molecular structure ribbon cartoon showing helices, turns and sheets and their relations to each other in space." . "diagram" . . . . "A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole [IAO]" . "A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book" . "document" . . . . "A line graph is a type of graph created by connecting a series of data points together with a line. [IAO]" . "line graph" . . . . "A symbol that is part of a CRID and that is sufficient to look up a record from the CRID's registry. [IAO]" . "centrally registered identifier symbol" . . . "true"^^ . . "An information content entity that consists of a CRID symbol and additional information about the CRID registry to which it belongs. [IAO]" . "The sentence \"The article has Pubmed ID 12345.\" contains a CRID that has two parts: one part is the CRID symbol, which is '12345'; the other part denotes the CRID registry, which is Pubmed." . "centrally registered identifier" . . . . "A CRID registry is a dataset of CRID records, each consisting of a CRID symbol and additional information which was recorded in the dataset through a assigning a centrally registered identifier process. [IAO]" . "PubMed is a CRID registry. It has a dataset of PubMed identifiers associated with journal articles. " . "centrally registered identifier registry" . . . . "A textual entity that denotes a particular in reality. [IAO]" . "written name" . . . "true"^^ . . "homo sapiens" . "human being" . "man" . "A member of the the species Homo sapiens. [Allotrope]" . "human" . . . . . "reagent" . "A role inhering in a biological or chemical entity that is intended to be applied in a scientific technique to participate (or have molecular components that participate) in a chemical reaction that facilitates the generation of data about some entity distinct from the bearer, or the generation of some specified material output distinct from the bearer. [OBI]" . "reagent role" . . . "true"^^ . . "A plan is a realizable entity that is the inheres in a bearer who is committed to realizing it as a planned process. [OBI]" . "plan" . . . "true"^^ . . "A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. [OBI]" . "OBI doesn't take position as to when an organism starts or ends being an organism - e.g. sperm, foetus. This issue is outside the scope of OBI [OBI]" . "subclasses should be imported from the NCBI taxonomy [Allotrope]" . "organism" . . . . "Curve fitting is a data transformation that is the process of constructing a curve, or mathematical function, that has the best fit to a series of data points, possibly subject to constraints. [Wikipedia]" . "curve fitting" . . . . "velocity" . "A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's scalar absolute value of the rate of change of the bearer's position. [PATO]" . "speed" . . . . "A luminous flux quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's emitting longer wavelength light following the absorption of shorter wavelength radiation; fluorescence is common with aromatic compounds with several rings joined together. [PATO]" . "fluorescence" . . . . "compositionality" . "content" . "structure" . "A single physical entity inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's quantities or relative ratios of subparts. [PATO]" . "calcium composition (which may inhere in bone)" . "haemoglobin composition (which may inhere in blood)." . "composition" . . . "true"^^ . "Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993." . . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "2019-08-29 Changed definition. [Allotrope]" . "Concentration is a molecular quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with another substance. [PATO]" . "concentration (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . . "A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. [PATO]" . "morphology" . . . . "shape" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). [PATO]" . "shape (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . . "dimension" . "extend" . "size" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. [PATO]" . "size (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . . "length" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. [PATO]" . "length (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . . "mass" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter. [PATO]" . "mass (quality)" . . . . "conformation" . "relational structural quality" . "2018-12-05 Generalized definition [Allotrope]" . "A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an material entity's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. [PATO]" . "structure" . . . . "temperature" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A physical quality of the thermal energy of a system. [PATO]" . "temperature (quality)" . . . . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "viability" . "An organismal quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's disposition to survive and develop normally or the number of surviving individuals in a given population. [PATO]" . "viability (quality)" . . . . "A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's ability to survive or the long term survival ability of a given population. [PATO]" . "viable" . . . . "thickness" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width. [PATO]" . "thickness (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . . "volume" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A 3-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of 3-dimensional space it occupies." . "volume (quality)" . . . . "A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being permeated or pervaded by a gas or liquid (as by osmosis or diffusion). [PATO]" . "permeability" . . . . "A permeability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to admit the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices. [PATO]" . "porosity" . . . . "porous" . "A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices. [PATO]" . "fully porous" . . . . "A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices. [PATO]" . "non-porous" . . . . "density" . "A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of some influence is exerted by the bearer's mass per unit size." . "mass density" . . . "Power is a physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of doing work. [PATO]" . "power" . "power (quality)" . . . . "pressure" . "2019-09-20 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]" . "A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of force per unit area it exerts." . "pressure (quality)" . . . . "force amplitude" . "A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of change of momentum. [PATO]" . "force" . . . . "A concentration that is relatively high. [Allotrope]" . "concentrated" . . . . "A concentration which is relatively low. [PATO]" . "diluted" . . . . "A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's power or force." . "strength" . . . . "wavelength" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A physical quality which is equal to the distance between repeating units of a wave pattern. [PATO]" . "2019-07-04 Quality can be either acoustic. electromagnetic or radiation. [Allotrope]" . "wavelength (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . . "EM radiation quality" . "A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. [PATO]" . "electromagnetic radiation quality" . . . "true"^^ . . "An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. [PATO]" . "optical quality" . . . "true"^^ . . "diameter" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary. [PATO]" . "diameter (quality)" . . . . "A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the rate of the bearer's angular movement about an axis; the angle rotated in a given time. [PATO]" . "angular velocity" . . . . "A viability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's condition before death. [PATO]" . "alive" . . . . "A viability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the cessation of the bearer's life. [PATO]" . "dead" . . . . . "flow rate" . "2019-09-20 Changed definition. [Allotrope]" . "2019-09-20 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]" . "A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's motion through a surface per time. [Allotrope]" . "flow rate (quality)" . . . . "A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to transmit of an entity through a medium. [PATO]" . "Examples could be heat or electricity or sound." . "conductivity" . . . . "depth" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's downward or backward or inward dimenision. [PATO]" . "depth (quality)" . . . "true"^^ . . "1-D size" . "A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in one dimension. [PATO]" . "1-D extent" . . . "true"^^ . . "3D size" . "A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in three dimensions. [PATO]" . "3-D extent" . . . . "2019-09-20 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]" . "A conductivity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to convey electricity. [PATO]" . "electrical conductivity (quality)" . . . . "A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of some of it's members' ability to survive. [PATO]" . "semi-viable" . . . . "true"^^ . . "pH" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "2019-08-29 Changed definition. [Allotrope]" . "A concentration quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing acid (hydrogen ions). [PATO]" . "pH (quality)" . . . . "A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's participation in movement. [PATO]" . "movement quality" . . . . "A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. [PATO]" . "organismal quality" . . . . "osmolality" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "2019-08-29 Changed definition. [Allotrope]" . "A concentration quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. [PATO]" . "osmolality (quality)" . . . . "A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of change of the position. [PATO]" . "velocity" . . . . "fluid flow rate" . "volume flow rate" . "volumetric flow rate" . "2019-09-20 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]" . "A physical quality inhering in a fluid (liquid or gas) by virtue of the amount of fluid which passes through a given surface per unit time. [PATO]" . "fluid flow rate (quality)" . . . . "mass flow rate" . "2019-09-20 Changed pref label for uniqueness. [Allotrope]" . "A flow rate quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the mass of substance which passes through a given surface per unit time. [PATO]" . "mass flow rate (quality)" . . . . "radius" . "2019-08-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]" . "A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes from the center of a circle to any endpoint on the circular boundary. The radius is half of the diameter. [PATO]" . "radius (quality)" . . . . "Allotrope Foundation" . . . . . "positive" . "positive" . "Positive polarity is the code that indicates a positive direction of polarity. [Allotrope]" . "positive polarity" . . . "negative" . "negative" . "Negative polarity is the code that indicates a negative direction of polarity. [Allotrope]" . "negative polarity" . . "\nThese taxonomies contain material or may constitute derivative works of material which may be subject to copyright by one of the following organizations. By using these taxonomies, you agree to the following terms and conditions applicable to its contents:\n******************************************************************************\nAttribution Notice for National Center for Biomedical Ontology materials.\n\nThis work contains material from the Cell Ontology and Clinical Measurement Ontology, available here: http://bioportal.bioontology.org/.\n******************************************************************************\nAttribution Notice for ChEBI\nThis work contains material from the European Bioinformatics Institute\u2019s ChEBI database.\n******************************************************************************\nAttribution Notice for Quantities Units Dimensions Data Types (http://www.qudt.org/)\nThis work contains content from www.qudt.org and is used pursuant to a Creative Commons License available here: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/legalcode. The original work may have been modified.\n******************************************************************************\nCopyright and Attribution Notice for Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Document\nThis work contains material from the following DCMI document used pursuant to a creative commons license available here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This material may have been modified or changed.\nTimestamped URL: http://dublincore.org/documents/2012/06/14/dcmi-terms/\nDate Issued: 2012-06-14\nDocument Status: This is a DCMI Recommendation.\nCopyright \u00A9 1995-2015 DCMI. All Rights Reserved. DCMI liability, trademark/service mark, document use and software licensing rules apply.\n******************************************************************************\n\n" . "Derivative works attribution" . . "Copyright \u00A9 2015-2019 Allotrope Foundation" . . "Copyright \u00A9 2015-2019 Allotrope Foundation" . . "This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.\n\nTHESE MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED \"AS IS\" AND ALLOTROPE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n\nCopyright \u00A9 2015-2019 Allotrope Foundation\n" . . "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License" . "2019-08-29 Changed definition. [Allotrope]" .