Allotrope Foundation Taxonomy of universals (REC/2019/06)
2019-07-04T12:00:00Z
Allotrope Foundation Taxonomy (AFT)
2019-07-05T12:00:00Z
REC/2019/06
true
A range is an interval of values with a lower and/or upper limit. [Allotrope]
range
true
A set of codes in a controlled vocabulary. [Allotrope]
codelist
true
categorical value
enumeration value
An entry in a list of controlled symbols denoting a classification. [Allotrope]
code
true
A condition is an information content entity that is about the portion of reality under which something occurs or is valid. The condition is limited by its scope and may have preconditions. It restricts the possible realizations. [Allotrope]
condition
true
and
A condition that is valid if all conditions of it are valid. [Allotrope]
and condition
true
or
An or condition is valid if at least one of its conditions is valid. [Allotrope]
or condition
true
exclusive or condition
one of
xor
xor condition
A one of condition is valid if exactly one of its condition is valid. [Allotrope]
one of condition
true
sequence
A list is an ordered collection of items. [Allotrope]
list
true
item
An entry in a list. [Allotrope]
list item
true
A series is a list (ordered collection) of literal values. [Allotrope]
series
true
An individual entry in a series with an index and a numeric value. [Allotrope]
series item
An aggregation of data items for a purpose. [Allotrope]
A collection itself is never an object aggregate, but an abstraction and might be about an object aggregate.
collection
true
element
An item is an individual member of some collection. [Allotrope]
The item is not a physical object that is member of an object aggregate, but is an abstraction that might be about such an object.
item
true
A collection where each member is disjoint from another. [Allotrope]
set
true
A sample passage is the compartment of a device that handles the conveying of samples. [Allotrope]
sample passage
true
GC device
gas chromatography device
2019-07-03 Changed alt labels from system to device [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a gas supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]
gas chromatograph
true
plate
A plate is a flat container with multiple "wells" used as small test tubes. [Wikipedia]
well plate
AS
automated sampler
autosampler module
A piece of equipment that allows for automated sampling or sample loading. [Allotrope]
autosampler
true
L.S. Ettre, "Nomenclature for Chromatography", Pure & Appl. Chem. 1993, Vol. 65, No. 4, pp. 819-872
A fraction collector is a collecting device for recovering fractional volumes of the column effluent. [IUPAC]
fraction collector
true
EMR source
light source
A source of a range of electromagnetic waves. [Allotrope]
electromagnetic radiation source
true
2018-03-06 Changed definition to Aristotelian form. [Allotrope]
A spectrophotometer is a photometer that measures the intensity of light at each individual wavelength. [Allotrope]
spectrophotometer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_ionization_detector
FID
A flame ionization detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the measurement of ions created via flame ionization. [Allotrope]
flame ionization detector
true
column
A chromatography column is a type of column that contains a stationary phase for chromatographic separation of compounds. [Allotrope]
chromatography column
true
injector
A device that introduces objects into the inside of another object. [Allotrope]
injection device
true
TCD
2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]
2018-12-20 Changed definition to align with other GC detectors. [Allotrope]
A thermal conductivity detector is a measurement component that measures changes in the thermal conductivity of the column effluent and compares it to a reference flow of carrier gas. [Allotrope]
thermal conductivity detector
true
Any piece of apparatus used to detect an analyte. [CHMO]
detector
A separate enclosed physical section of a device that can contain other devices. [Allotrope]
compartment
true
engineered artifact
A device is an artifact that is designed to perform a function primarily by means of its mechanical or electrical nature. [Allotrope]
A device has a designed form or physical structure. This distinguishes a device from a chemical and a biological artifact, that are typical bulk or portions of materials without a designed form. [Allotrope]
device
true
RI detector
refractive-index detector
2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source, a hollow prism and a photoelectric cell that is used to detect non-ultraviolet-absorbing molecules in a sample separated by chromatography. Light from the sample passes through a flow cell with two channels towards the photoelectric cell. One channel holds the eluent from the column, whereas the other holds a control sample (solvent that has not passed through the column). Detection occurs when the light is bent due to molecules eluting from the column, and this is read as a disparity between the two channels. [CHMO]
refractive index detector
true
ECD
Hall electrolytic conductivity detector
2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]
A conductivity probe to calculate the conductance value of a material at the selected reference temperature. [Allotrope]
electrolytic conductivity detector
true
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]
chromatograph
true
vessel
A device that has the function to contain material. [Allotrope]
box, can, plate, rack
tray, flask, vial
container
true
A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient. [Allotrope]
thermometer
true
A damper is a device that deadens, restrains, or depresses. [Wikipedia]
damper
true
A pump is a device that is used to pump. [CHMO]
pump
true
temperature control
temperature control device
thermostat
A device used to control the temperature in a compartment. [Allotrope]
temperature controller
true
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_capture_detector
ECD
An electron capture detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the attachment of electrons via electron capture ionization. [Allotrope]
electron capture detector
true
A Raman spectrometer is a piece of apparatus that allows for the measurement of Raman spectra. It consists of a laser and a detector. [Allotrope]
Raman spectrometer
true
A device to acquire signals or data. [Allotrope]
data acquisition device
true
A device used to split a fluid into two component streams. [Allotrope]
splitter
true
FLD
2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]
A fluorescence detector is a detector that detects material by way of the measurement of the emitted fluorescence light after excitation with light. [Allotrope]
fluorescence detector
true
A degasser is a device to remove gasses from a fluid which could otherwise form bubbles. [Wikipedia]
degasser
true
ion collector
A piece of apparatus that produces an output that depends on the number of ions that it encounters. [CHMO]
ion detector
true
SFC device
supercritical-fluid chromatography device
2019-07-03 Changed alt labels from system to device [Allotrope]
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to tits critical temperature and pressure. [Allotrope]
supercritical-fluid chromatograph
true
tubing
A tube, or tubing, is a long hollow cylinder used for moving fluids (liquids or gases) or to protect electrical or optical cables and wires. [Wikipedia]
tube
true
2018-08-09 Moved under measuring device, detection is only secondary. [Allotrope]
An electronic absorbance detector is a detector that detects material by way of the electronic absorbance of a electromagnetic ray transmitted through the material. [Allotrope]
electronic absorbance detector
true
display device
A display is a device or element of an instrument serving to represent information. [Allotrope]
display
true
chiller
cooler
A kind of heat exchanger or radiator designed to remove excess heat. [Wikipedia]
cooling device
true
A valve is a plumbing equipment that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. [Wikipedia]
valve
true
LC device
liquid chromatography device
low pressure liquid chromatography device
2019-07-03 Changed alt labels from system to device [Allotrope]
A liquid chromatograph is a system used to perform bioseparation techniques that are based on interactions of the sample with the mobile and stationary phases. [Allotrope]
The system consists of a chromatographic separation unit and a computer running the system control software. The system can be operated in a fully automated manner or in manual mode. It consists of different modules, components, and accessories. [Allotrope]
liquid chromatograph
furnace
heater
An oven is a device for heating an enclosed space. [Allotrope]
oven
true
channel
line
A solvent channel is a channel where a liquid can flow through. [Allotrope]
A quaternary pump has 4 channels.
solvent channel
true
A long narrow cut or opening. [Allotrope]
slit
A site that is related to a device. [Allotrope]
device region
true
heater
heating equipment
A device used for heating something. [Allotrope]
heating device
true
Jars are cylindrical containers with wide openings that may be sealed. [Wikipedia]
jar
true
A photometer, generally, is an instrument that measures light intensity or optical properties of solutions or surfaces. [Wikipedia]
photometer
true
A mass flow controller is a device that determines the mixture of different materials. [Allotrope]
In DVS, the mass flow controller generates the required mixture of dry and saturated gas.
mass flow controller
true
desktop computer
A computer is a general-purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. [Wikipedia]
computer
true
PAC, 1989, 61, 1657 (Nomenclature for automated and mechanised analysis (Recommendations 1989))
sampling unit
A sample is a device that function to sample known amounts of material. [Allotrope]
sampler
true
connector
A tubing connector is a part used to connect/install tubing, components, and accessories as part of a system flow path configuration. [Allotrope]
tubing connector
true
A visible lamp is a light source with a visible wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm. [Allotrope]
visible lamp
true
In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance). [Wikipedia]
diode
true
PAC, 1996, 68, 2223 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996))
A lamp is an electromagnatic radiation source of incoherent radiation. [IUPAC]
lamp
true
An artifact is a material that is designed and built for a purpose. [Allotrope]
artifact
true
analyzer
instrument
measuring apparatus
measuring instrument
measuring sensor
A device that measures some aspect of reality, such as a quality or the profile of a process. [Allotrope]
measurement device
true
regulator
A device that has the function to control some quality or process. [Allotrope]
controller
true
coupler
A device that has the function to couple things. [Allotrope]
coupling device
true
A device that is used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system. [Wikipedia]
input device
true
separating device
A device that has the function to separate materials. [Allotrope]
separation device
true
A transferring device is a device that is designed to transfer material. [Allotrope]
transferring device
true
A collecting device is a device that has the function to collect things. [Allotrope]
collecting device
measurement module
A measurement component is a component of a measuring system, that does measuring. [Allotrope]
The criteria is compromise. Some measurement components can be fully standalone measurement devices used in a component role, but are not typically used as such. A UV spectrometer is an electromagnetic absorbance measuring instrument and an elecctromagnetic absorbance detector has the same function, but it is used as part of a larger system, such as a HPLC-UV system.
measurement component
A guiding device is a device that has the function to direct a flow in a specific direction. [Allotrope]
guiding device
A distribution device is a device with the function to distribute a stream into multiple parts. [Allotrope]
distribution device
equilibrating function
equilibration function
To equilibrate is a function which is realized in the process of equilibration. [Allotrope]
to equilibrate
adding function
collecting function
to add
2019-05-17 Changed pref label to align with process hierarchy. [Allotrope]
Function to add a member to an aggregate or to bring a flow together. [Allotrope]
Solar panels collect ultraviolet sun rays to power small mechanisms. [NIST]
to collect
connecting function
connection function
To bring two or more flows (material, energy, signal) together. [NIST]
to connect
consuming function
consumption function
The to consume function is a function that is realized in a process where a participant exists at the start of the process but no longer exists at the end of the process. [Allotrope]
to consume
indicating function
To make something known to the user about a flow. [NIST]
A small window in the water container of a coffee maker indicates the level of water in the machine. [NIST]
to indicate
true
controlling function
To alter or govern the size or amplitude of a flow (material, energy, signal). [NIST]
to control
observing function
sensing function
to observe
To sense is a signaling function that is perceiving or becoming aware, of a flow. [NIST]
to sense
fixing function
securing function
to fix
To firmly fix a flow path. [NIST]
On a bicycling glove, a Velcro strap secures the human hand in the correct place. [NIST]
to secure
data processing function
data transformation function
data transforming function
to process data
To submit information to a particular treatment or method having a set number of operations or steps. [NIST]
A computer processes a login request signal before allowing a user access to its facilities. [NIST]
to transform data
integration function
to integrate
A information processing function that generates integrals on numerical data item. [Allotrope]
to integrate (math)
calculating function
calculation function
To calculate is a data transformation function to solve problems for numbers or quantities. [Allotrope]
to calculate
supporting function
To firmly fix a material into a defined location, or secure an energy or signal into a specific course. [NIST]
to support
cleaning function
The material processing function to get rid of dirt, impurities, or extraneous unwanted matter. [Allotrope]
to clean
injecting function
injection function
The function of a device realized when administering a substance applied particularly to the forcible insertion of a liquid or gas by means of a syringe, pump, etc. [OBI]
to inject
counting function
To count is to observe the quantitative number of discrete things. [Allotrope]
to count
detecting function
detection function
To discover information about the presence of a flow. [NIST]
A gauge on the top of a gas cylinder detects proper pressure ranges. [NIST]
to detect
measuring function
To determine the magnitude of a flow. [NIST]
An analog thermostat measures temperature through a bimetallic strip. [NIST]
to measure
energy transfer function
to transfer energy
to transmit
transmitting energy function
To move an energy from one place to another. [NIST]
In a hand held power sander, the housing of the sander transmits human force to the object being sanded. [NIST]
to transmit energy
heating function
A function that gives thermal energy to a recipient. [Allotrope]
to heat
communicating function
communication function
To communicate is the function to transferring information from one material entity to another. [Allotrope]
to communicate
pumping function
To pump is to transport fluids by suction or pressure or both. [Allotrope]
to pump
display function
displaying function
To reveal something about a flow to the mind or eye. [NIST]
The xyz-coordinate display on a vertical milling machine displays the precise location of the cutting tool. [NIST]
to display
converting a signal function
signal conversion function
A signal conversion function is an information processor function which transforms a signal into another type of signal. [OBI]
A synapse converts electrical action potentials into an intermediate chemical signal. The post synapse converts it back into an electric one passed on to the axon.
an analog-to-digital_converter
to convert a signal
storing function
To accumulate a flow. [NIST]
A DC electrical battery stores the energy in a flashlight. [NIST]
to store
cooling function
A function to remove thermal energy. [Allotrope]
to cool
consuming energy function
energy consumption function
To consume energy is the function to consume energy. [Allotrope]
to consume energy
planning function
To plan is the function of creating or modifying a plan specification. [OBI]
to plan
true
branching function
To cause a flow (material, energy or signal) to no longer be joined or mixed. [NIST]
to branch
true
separating function
separation function
To isolate a flow (material, energy, signal) into distinct components. The separated components are distinct from the flow before separation, as well as each other. [NIST]
A glass prism separates light into different wavelength components to provide a rainbow. [NIST]
to separate
distributing function
distribution function
To cause a flow (material, energy, signal) to break up. The individual bits are similar to each other and the undistributed flow. [NIST]
An atomizer distributes (or sprays) hair-styling liquids over the head to hold ther hair in the desired style. [NIST]
to distribute
true
dividing function
To separate a flow. [NIST]
A vending machine divides the sold form of coins into appropriate denominations. [NIST]
to divide
removing function
To take away a part of a flow from its prefixed place. [NIST]
A sander removes small pieces of the wood surface to smooth the wood. [NIST]
to remove
extracting function
To draw, or forcibly pullout, a flow. [NIST]
A vacuum cleaner extracts depris from the imported mixture and exports clean air to the environment. [NIST]
to extract
sorting function
A sort function is a function to distinguish flows based on some associated physical quality or entity and to distribute the separate components into distinct fractions according to a defined order. [Allotrope]
to sort
true
channeling function
localizing function
to channel
To cause a flow (material, energy, signal) to move from one location to another location. [NIST]
to localize
exporting function
taking function
to take
To send a flow (material, energy, signal) outside the system boundary. [NIST]
Pouring blended food out of a standard blender pitcher exports liquid from the system. [NIST]
to export
true
delivering function
importing function
to deliver
To bring in a flow (material, energy, signal) from outside the system boundary. [NIST]
A physical opening at the top of a blender pitcher imports a solid (food) into the system. [NIST]
to import
directing function
guiding function
to direct
To direct the course of a flow (material, energy, signal) along a specific path. [NIST]
to guide
allowing DOF function
allowing degree of freedom function
to allow DOF
To control the movement of a flow by a force external to the device into one or more directions. [NIST]
to allow degree of freedom
rotating function
To fix the movement of a flow by a device around one axis. [NIST]
to rotate
translating function
To fix the movement of the flow by a device into one linear direction. [NIST]
to translate
mixing function
To combine two flows (material, energy, signal) into a single, uniform homogeneous mass. [NIST]
A shaker mixes a paint base and its dyes to form a homogeneous liquid. [NIST]
to mix
coupling function
to bring together
To join or bring together flows (material, energy, signal) such that the members are still distinguishable from each other. [NIST]
to couple
coupling function
linking function
to couple
To couple flows together by means of an intermediary flow. [NIST]
A turnbuckle links two endsof a steering cable together. [NIST]
to link
coupling function
joining function
to couple
To couple flows together in a predetermined manner. [NIST]
A ratchet joins a socket on its square shaft interface. [NIST]
to join
true
adjusting function
regulating function
to adjust
To adjust the flow of energy, signal, or material in response to a control signal, such as a characteristic of a flow. [NIST]
Turning the valves regulates the flow rate of the liquid flowing from a faucet. [NIST]
to regulate
true
actuating function
commencing function
to commence
To commence the flow of energy, signal or material in response to an imported control signal. [NIST]
A circuit switch actuates the flow of electrical energy and turns on a light bulb. [NIST]
to actuate
enlarging function
increasing function
to enlarge
To enlarge a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]
to increase
decreasing function
reducing function
to reduce
To reduce a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]
to decrease
true
adjusting function
changing function
to adjust
To adjust the flow of energy, signal, or material in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]
to change
enlarging function
incrementing function
to enlarge
To enlarge a flow in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]
to increment
decrementing function
reducing function
to reduce
To reduce a flow in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]
to decrement
forming function
molding function
shaping function
to form
to mold
To mold or form a flow. [NIST]
to shape
conditioning function
To render a flow appropriate for the desired use. [NIST]
To prevent damage to electrial equipment, a surge protector conditions electrical energy by excluding spikes and nose (usually through capacitors) from the energy path. [NIST]
to condition
true
stopping function
To cease, or prevent, the transfer of a flow (material, energy, signal). [NIST]
A reflective coating on a window stops the transmission of UV radiation through a window. [NIST]
to stop
preventing function
To keep a flow from happening. [NIST]
A submerged gate on a dam wall prevents water from flowing to the other side. [NIST]
to prevent
inhibiting function
restraining function
to restrain
To significantly restrain a flow, though a portion of the flow continues to be transferred. [NIST]
The structures of space vehicles inhibits the flow of radiation to protect crew and cargo. [NIST]
to inhibit
changing function
converting function
to change
To change from one form of a flow (material, energy, signal) to another. [NIST]
For completeness, any type of flow conversion is valid. In practice, conversions such as convert electricity to torque will be more common than convert solid to optical energy. [NIST]
An electrical motor converts electricity to rotational energy. [NIST]
to convert
provisioning function
To accumulate or provide a material or energy flow. [NIST]
to provision
signaling function
To provide information on a material, energy or signal flow as an output signal flow. The information providing flow passes through the function unchanged. [NIST]
to signal
containing function
To keep a flow within limits. [NIST]
A vacuum bag contains debris vacuumed from a house. [NIST]
to contain
supplying function
To provide a flow from storage. [NIST]
In a flashlight, the battery supplies energy to the bulb. [NIST]
to supply
tracking function
To observe and record data from a flow. [NIST]
By tracking the performance of batteries, the low efficiency point can be determined. [NIST]
to track
stabilization function
To prevent a flow from changing course or location. [NIST]
On a typical canister vacuum, the center of gravity is placed at a low elevation to stabilize the vacuum when it is pulled by the hose. [NIST]
to stabilize
placement function
positioning function
to place
To place a flow (material, energy, signal) into a specific location or orientation. [NIST]
The coin slot on a soda machine positions the coin to begin the coin evaluation and transportation procedure. [NIST]
to position
decomposition function
To decompose is the function to breakdown a single phase into two or more phases by heating or treatment with acid, alkali or enzymes. [Allotrope]
to decompose
material transport function
to transfer material
transport function
To transport is the function to transfer material. [Allotrope]
to transport
conveying function
shifting function
to convey
to shift
transferring function
To shift, or convey, a flow (material, energy, signal) from one place to another. [NIST]
to transfer
maintaining function
The function to maintain something. [Allotrope]
to maintain
combining function
The function to make a whole out of many. [Allotrope]
to combine
The function to bring something into existence. [Allotrope]
Only information can be produced in the strict sense, because of physical conservation laws of energy and material, but this is function is a perspective on a system boundaries in the context. [Allotrope]
to produce
sampling function
To sample is the function of to take parts or partitions of an object aggregate or data set for the interest for studying it. [Allotrope]
to sample
true
matter
A material entity that occupies space and possesses a rest mass. [Allotrope]
material
A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. [CL]
cell
true
A natural material is any product or physical matter that comes from plants, animals, or the ground. Minerals and the metals that can be extracted from them (without further modification) are also considered to belong into this category. [Wikipedia]
natural material
true
Energy must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat the object. It can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed. [Wikipedia]
According to the annotations on material entity, energy is considered a material entity in BFO
energy
true
A form of energy that is transferred between bodies as a result of a temperature difference. [NIST]
thermal energy
true
Energy flow generated or required by a translation or virtual translation. [NIST]
mechanic translational energy
true
Work resulting from the reactions by which substances are produced from or converted into other substances. [NIST]
A battery converts the flow of chemical energy into electical energy.
chemical energy
true
Work resulting from the flow of electrons from a negative to a positive source. [NIST]
electrical energy
true
Energy that results from a rotation or a virtual rotation. [NIST]
mechanic rotational energy
true
Work that results from the movement or force of a liquid, including hydrostatic forces. [NIST]
hydraulic energy
true
EMR
electro-magnetic energy
electro-magnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation
radiation energy
Energy that is propagated through free space or through a material medium in the form of electro-magnetic waves. [NIST]
electromagnetic energy
true
Work resulting from a compressed gas. [NIST]
pneumatic energy
true
X-ray
A form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength ranging from 0.01 to 10 nanometers. [Wikipedia]
X-ray radiation
true
light
Electromagnetic radiation which is visible to the human eye and is responsible for the sense of sight. Visible light is usually defined as having wavelengths in the range of 400–700 nanometers. [Wikipedia]
visible light
true
UV
ultraviolet light
An electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm. [Wikipedia]
ultraviolet radiation
true
IR
infrared
infrared light
Electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light. It extends from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nanometer, to 1 micrometers. [Wikipedia]
infrared radiation
true
gamma ray
γ-ray
Electromagnetic radiation of a kind arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei and having wavelengths less than 10 picometers. [Allotrope]
gamma radiation
true
Volumetry is a type of quantitative analysis that measures the quantity of a compound by quantifying its volume. [Allotrope]
volumetry
Raman scattering spectrometry
Raman scattering spectroscopy
Raman spectrometry
laser Raman spectroscopy
Any type of vibrational spectroscopy where the Raman scattering of monochromatic light, usually from a laser in the visible, near infrared, or near ultraviolet range by a sample is detected. [CHMO]
Raman spectroscopy
true
particle size analysis
particle size measurement
particle sizing
The measurement of the size distribution in a collection of grains. [CHMO]
granulometry
true
O.D. measurement
OD measurement
optical densiometry
optical densitometry
The measurement of the light transmitted through a sample for a given wavelength. [CHMO]
optical density measurement
true
zeta potential analysis
zeta potential measurement
zeta-potential analysis
zeta-potential measurements
zeta-potential studies
ζ-potential analysis
ζ-potential measurement
The measurement of the overall charge a particle acquires in a specific medium. A number of different experimental methods can be used including electrophoretic light scattering and laser Doppler velocimetry. [CHMO]
zeta-potential measurement
true
A mixing step where a soluble component is mixed with a liquid component. [CHMO]
dissolving
FID
flame ionization detection
flame ionization process
A flame ionization measurement is a measurement which is sensitive to compounds containing C-H bonds. A flow of carrier gas containing the sample is mixed with H2 and air and ignited. Any positively-charged radicals resulting from this process are collected at a cathode, allowing the current to be measured. [CHMO]
flame ionization measurement
true
cleansing
cleanup
Cleaning is the process of getting rid of dirt, impurities, or extraneous unwanted matter. [Allotrope]
cleaning
true
LC
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid. [CHMO]
liquid chromatography
true
reflectivity measurement
Any method for determining structure by directing a beam of particles or X-rays onto an extremely flat surface and measuring the intensity of the reflected radiation as a function of angle. [CHMO]
reflectometry
true
SFC
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to its critical temperature and pressure. [CHMO]
supercritical-fluid chromatography
true
Vortexing is a process of mixing that creates a vortex in the solution usually using a vortexer. [Allotrope]
vortexing
true
The measurement of the pore diameter, pore-size distribution and total pore volume of a sample. [CHMO]
porosimetry
PAC, 1993, 65, 819 (Nomenclature for chromatography (IUPAC Recommendations 1993))
Fraction collection is the collection of fractional volumes of the column effluent. [IUPAC]
fraction collection
true
MAS
molecular absorption spectrophotometry
molecular electronic absorption spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the sample absorbs radiation in the range ultraviolet to near-infrared (0.1-2.5 µm) resulting in electronic transitions within the sample. [CHMO]
spectrophotometry
true
GC
GC run
gas chromatography run
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a gas. [CHMO]
An instance of gas chromatography can be a single-injection GC run.
gas chromatography
true
The measurement and study of dimensional changes in polymers as a function of temperature, fluid absorption, mechanical stress or chemical reaction. [CHMO]
dilatometry
An assay that generates data about the presence, quantity, structure, function, behavior, or activity of cells, or a process that occurs at a cellular level of anatomical granularity (includes subcellular structures and organelles). [VIVO-ISF]
cellular assay
true
separation
A branching process that isolates flows into distinct component flows. The separated components are distinct from the flow before separation, as well as each other. [NIST]
separating
true
A process of creating or modifying a plan specification. [OBI]
The process of a scientist thinking about and deciding what reagents to use as part of a protocol for an experiment. Note that the scientist could be human or a robot scientist executing software. [OBI]
planning
true
weighment
weight check
Weighing is the measuring of weight of an object. Weight related to the amount of force acting on the object, either due to gravity or to a reaction force that holds it in place. [Wikipedia]
weighing
true
Peak picking is a data transformation to convert profile spectral data into centroided spectral data. [Allotrope]
peak picking
true
conductimetry
The measurement of the conductance of a solution as a function of concentration. Measurements are made indirectly across the resistance of the solution with alternating current. [CHMO]
conductometry
true
spectroscopy
The study of the interaction of a sample with radiation or particles for measurement or detection. [CHMO]
spectrometry
true
osometry
The measurement of the osmotic strength of a substance which often used to determine its molecular weight. [CHMO]
osmometry
true
Loading is the addition of a material to a new location. [Allotrope]
The loading step of IEF is the mixing of the sample with the appropriate ampholytes and loading the mixture into the capillary. [Allotrope]
loading
true
amperometric method
An electrochemical technique where the cell current is measured whilst the potential difference between the indicator and reference electrodes is controlled. [CHMO]
amperometry
true
Dilution is the process of adding a solvent to a solution to lower its concentration. [Allotrope]
dilution
A heat treatment that alters the microstructure of a material causing changes in its properties such as strength and hardness. [CHMO]
annealing
A purification is a removing process that is used to physically separate an analyte from byproducts, reagents or contaminating substances. [Allotrope, CHMO]
purification
true
rheological measurements
rheology
The study of the flow of fluids which cannot be defined by a single value of viscosity. Rheometry is the measurement of the relationship between deformation and stress for these liquids. [CHMO]
rheometry
true
adsorption-desorption
adsorption/desorption
sorption-desorption
sorption/desorption
A method for determining surface area by measuring the amount of an inert gaseous or liquid substance (the 'sorbent', usually H2 or N2) which adsorbs onto the surface of interest (the 'sorbate'), and the subsequent amount that desorbs at a constant temperature. Regression analysis is then applied to the data, resulting in an isotherm. [CHMO]
sorption-desorption measurements
true
gravimetric mass measurement
Gravimetry is the measurement of the strength of a gravitational field. [Wikipedia]
gravimetry
true
voltammetric method
An electrochemical technique where the cell current is measured as a function of time and as a function of the potential between the indicator and reference electrodes. [CHMO]
voltammetry
true
detection
2018-08-09 Changed definition, removed alt label detection method. [Allotrope]
Detecting is observing the presence of an entity. This occurs when a threshold value of a quantity (quality, disposition, process property) is exceeded. [Allotrope]
detecting
true
The method used to obtain the integral of a function or curve. [Allotrope]
integration
true
peak resolution method
peak separation method
resolution measurement method
Peak separation is a data transformation that allows to distinguish between two peaks. [Allotrope]
peak separation
true
Removing data is a data transformation that removes parts from an aggregate of data. [Allotrope]
removing data
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_capture_detector#Gas_chromatograph_detector
ECD
electron capture detection
electron capture dissociation
Electron capture measurement is a measurement that is sensitive to electronegative compounds (e.g. halogenated compounds). A beta-particle emitter (e.g. 63Ni) is used to produce an electron beam, which is passed between two electrodes. As the sample is passed through the e-beam, organic functional groups interact with the electrons, interrupting the current. [Allotrope, CHMO]
electron capture measurement
A measurement of the blood, it's contents, cells or other factors contained within the blood. [CMO]
blood measurement method
The determination of the relative strength of a substance (e.g., a drug or hormone or toxicant) by comparing its effect on a test organism with that of a standard preparation. [Wikipedia]
biological measurement method
true
optical rotation measurement
The measurement of the extent to which a sample interacts with polarized electromagnetic radiation by transmission, reflection, refraction, or diffraction. [CHMO]
polarimetry
true
mixing material
The combining of components, particles or layers into a more homogeneous state. The mixing may be achieved manually or mechanically by shifting the material with stirrers or pumps or by revolving or shaking the container. The process must not permit segregation of particles of different size or properties. Homogeneity may be considered to have been achieved in a practical sense when the sampling error of the processed portion is negligible compared to the total error of the measurement system. [CHMO]
mixing
PAC, 1995, 67, 1699 (Nomenclature in evaluation of analytical methods including detection and quantification capabilities (IUPAC Recommendations 1995)) on page 1701
quantitative analysis
quantitative determination method
A measurement method which obtains the concentration or quantity of a specified substance in an analyte. [CHMO]
Analyses in which the amount or concentration of an analyte may be determined (estimated) and expressed as a numerical value in appropriate units. Qualitative analysis may take place without quantitative analysis, but quantitative analysis requires the identification (qualification) of the analytes for which numerical estimates are given. [IUPAC]
quantitative analysis assay
true
LSC
Column chromatography where the mobile phase is a liquid and the stationary phase is a solid. [CHMO]
liquid-solid chromatography
true
Any technique for measuring charge transport. [CHMO]
charge transport measurement
true
magnetic susceptibility measurements
The measurement of the strength and/or direction of magnetic fields, or the magnetic susceptibility of a sample. [CHMO]
magnetometry
sample taking
sampling
Sampling material is sampling of a material of interest for studying. [Allotrope]
sampling can be both separating or partitioning or a combination of it
pulling a small sample outside a bioreactor
sampling material
true
A separation method where the components are distributed between two phases, one of which is stationary, while the other moves in a definite direction. [CHMO]
chromatography
combining material
material combination
synthesis method
Material combination is a material processing that combines two or more material entities as input into a single material entity as output. [Allotrope]
synthesis
true
electropermeabilization
A method for introducing polar molecules into a host cell through the cell membrane. A large electric pulse (300-400 mV for <1 ms) temporarily disturbs the phospholipid bilayer, allowing molecules like DNA to pass into the cell. [CHMO]
electroporation
formulation
The process of formulation allows the preparation of mixtures of components in accordance with a formula and documents the composition. [Allotrope]
formulation process
true
The process of making a polymer blend by mechanically mixing different polymers together in the melt. [CHMO]
physical blending
Any method that measures the amount of light that a substance scatters at certain wavelengths, incident angles, and polarization angles. [CHMO]
scattering spectroscopy
The transfer of thermal energy from a material to its surrounding environment. [CHMO]
cooling
true
The method to obtain the derivative of a function or curve. [Allotrope]
differentiation
The process of segregation of phases; the separation of suspended solids from a liquid or gas, usually by forcing a carrier gas or liquid through a porous medium. [CHMO]
filtration
true
LLC
liquid-liquid chromatography
Column chromatography where both the mobile phase and the stationary phase are liquids. The stationary phase must be immiscible and insoluble in the mobile phase and is usually supported on a suitable material such as a diatomaceous earth. [CHMO]
liquid-liquid chromatography
Equilibration is the process of bring the state of a system to an equilibrium. [Allotrope]
equilibration
assembly
The process of fitting device components together to form a system. [Allotrope]
assembling
true
Piece counting is determining the number of objects in an object aggregate. [Allotrope]
piece counting
true
The intensive mixing of mutually insoluble phases (sometimes with addition of surfactants) to obtain a soluble suspension or emulsion. [CHMO]
homogenization
true
The measurement of the relative permittivity of a solution as a function of concentration. Measurements are made indirectly across the resistance of the solution with alternating current. [CHMO]
dielectrometry
true
Any spectroscopic method which probes the electronic degrees of freedom of an atom or molecule. [CHMO]
electronic spectroscopy
true
densiometric measurements
densiometry
densitometric measurements
The measurement of the density of a sample. [CHMO]
densitometry
true
A preparative step involving the agitation of a solution through circular motion. [CHMO]
stirring
true
flushing
purging
Rinsing is the process of washing quickly a device with a solution. [Allotrope]
rinsing
true
fourier transformation
The Fourier transformation decomposes a function of time (e.g. a signal) into the frequencies that make it up. [Wikipedia]
Fourier transformation
true
aspiration
Aspirating is the process of sample preparation that is to draw an amount of a liquid by suction and then expel the liquid. [Allotrope]
aspirating
true
measurement of pH
pH sensing
sensing of pH
The measurement of pH is the negative logarithm to base ten of the hydrogen ion activity in a solution, this measures the degree of acidity or alkalinity. Operationally the pH of a solution X, pH(X), is measured relative to that of a standard reference solution, pH(S), and defined as pH(X) = pH(S) - (E(X) - E(S))/(RT/F)ln 10, where E(X) and E(S) are the electromotive forces measured in cells containing the solution X and the reference solution respectively. [CHMO]
pH measurement
true
Washing is a process by which a material entity acting as contaminant (e.g. excess staining reagent) is removed by application of one or more cycles of solution in flow. [CHMO]
washing
true
luminescence detection
2018-08-09 Changed definition and pref label. [Allotrope]
The measurement of luminescence from a material. [Allotrope]
luminescence measurement
true
Priming is a type of cleaning that happens at the beginning of a period of time and results in the device being filled with the appropriate reagents. [Allotrope]
prime of a cell counter analyzer at the beginning of a day
priming
true
Inverting is a sample preparation step of mixing. It is homogenization by switching the y-axis of a sample several times, turning it upside down using a syringe. [Allotrope]
inverting
true
An electrochemical technique where the total Coulombs of electricity required to complete (fully oxidize or fully reduce the sample in) an electrochemical reaction is measured. [CHMO]
coulometry
coating method
The application of a thin cover to a material. [CHMO]
coating
true
monitor
trend analysis
Trending is a process of monitoring that consists of collecting information and identifying underlying patterns. [Allotrope]
trending
true
laser interferometry
optical interferometry
The measurement of the properties of two or more lasers or waves by studying the pattern of interference created by their superposition. [CHMO]
interferometry
true
surface tensiometry
The measurement of the surface tension of a liquid. [CHMO]
tensiometry
true
The measurement of the viscosity of fluids by observing the relative motion of the fluid and an object. Viscometry is used to measure the molecular weight of polymers. [CHMO]
viscometry
preconcentration
A preparative step where the concentration of one component is increased. [CHMO]
concentrating
true
electronic absorbance measuring
electronic absorption detection
Electronic absorption measurement is a measurement that is based on the absorption of energy by electronic transitions. [Allotrope]
Detecting has some overlap with measuring. Usually measuring is the way detecting works, but detection as response from a sensor without quantitation is also possible. [Allotrope]
electronic absorbance measurement
true
subculturing
In biology, a subculture is a new cell or microbiological culture made by transferring some or all cells from a previous culture to fresh growth medium. This action is called subculturing or passaging the cells. Subculture is used to prolong the life and/or expand the number of cells or microorganisms in the culture. [Wikipedia]
passaging
true
TCD
thermal conductivity detection
thermal conductivity measuring
2018-08-09 Moved under measurement, and changed pref label [Allotrope]
A measuring that is sensitive to inorganic gases. A hot (450 deg. C) filament is used to heat a carrier gas containing the sample and the difference in thermal conductivity caused by the presence of the sample is measured. [CHMO]
thermal conductivity measurement
clinical measurement
A quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or a group of individuals or samples, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation. [CMO]
clinical measurement method
Any technique used to measure the levels of oxygen in a sample. [CHMO]
oximetry
true
RI detection
RID
refractive index detection
refractive index measuring
2018-08-09 Moved under measurement, and changed pref label [Allotrope]
A measuring based on the change in refractive index of a solution. Light is passed through a hollow prism and focused on a photocell. When a liquid containing the sample is allowed to flow through the prism, the light diverges from its original path and the change in intensity and angle of the transmitted light is measured. [CHMO]
refractive index measurement
true
The irradiation of a liquid sample with sound (20-20 000 Hz) waves resulting in agitation. Sound waves propagate into the liquid media result in alternating high-pressure (compression) and low-pressure (rarefaction) cycles. During rarefaction, high-intensity sonic waves create small vacuum bubbles or voids in the liquid, which then collapse violently (cavitation) during compression, creating very high local temperatures. [CHMO]
sonication
true
measurement
2018-08-09 Changed definition [Allotrope]
Measuring is observing a property of an entity called a quantity, that has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference to another entity, and obtaining one or more quantity values for it. The observed entity is a quality or a disposition for a continuant, for a process it is a process property such as duration. [Allotrope]
measuring
true
data massaging
A term used meaning the processing and manipulation of the spectral data produced for the purposes of improving spectral appearance, change the signal to noise ratio (S/N), or resolution. The term is often collectively used in conjunction with line broadening, sharpening, averaging, smoothing. [Allotrope]
data apodization
true
colorimetric method
colourimetry
The determination of the spectral absorbance of a solution. This method is often used to determine the concentration of a chemical in a solution. [CHMO]
colorimetry
JCGM 200:2008 International vocabulary of metrology — Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM)
Calibration is the comparison of measurement values delivered by a device under test with those of a calibration standard of known accuracy. [Wikipedia]
calibration
true
Pipeting transfers a given amount of liquid solution using a pipette, dropper or pipettor. [Allotrope]
pipeting
true
The measurement of the velocity of a moving object or medium. [CHMO]
velocimetry
true
Ion detection is detecting the presence of ions. [Allotrope]
ion detection
The producing of vapor. [Allotrope]
vapor generation
true
measurement method
A planned process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluand, by physically examining it or its proxies. [OBI]
assay
true
Dedusting is the process of removal of dust. [Allotrope]
dedusting
Fingerprinting is the process of comparison or overlay of measured spectra with existing reference spectra. [Allotrope]
fingerprinting
The t-test is a process of quantifying the closeness of two sets of data points. It is defined as the ratio of the difference between the means of the two sets divided by the standard error of the difference. [Allotrope]
t-test
closed loop
The closed loop uses feedback control for the regulation of the vapor generation. The system continuously detects deviations from the target partial pressure and adjusts the vapor generation correspondingly. [Allotrope]
closed loop vapor generation
true
Sieve analysis is a process of particle sizing by filtering particles according to their size through sieves with decreasing pore size. [Allotrope]
sieve analysis
true
particle size analysis
particle size measurement
Particle sizing is an experimental method for the investigation of particle sizes in a sample. [Allotrope]
particle sizing
true
Tube breeding is a process of cleaning vacuum tubes in order to remove any impurities. [Allotrope]
tube breeding
true
fluorescence assay
fluorescence detection
fluorescence measurement
2018-12-11 Changed labels [Allotrope]
An assay in which a materials fluorescence is determined. [VIVO-ISF]
fluorimetry
true
Packing is the process of transferring an object into a container as a densely packed phase. [Allotrope]
packing a column with the solid phase
packing a sample into a ssNMR rotor
packing
true
An concentration measurement is the determination of the concentration of a compound in solution. [Allotrope]
protein concentration measurement
quick slope, linearity measurement, UV measurement in which the cell pathlength is varied. [Allotrope].
simple read, i.e. simple measurement at a defined wavelength
concentration measurement
A process that regulates pressure. [Allotrope]
pressure control
A process that regulates a temperature. [Allotrope]
temperature control
A test can be considered a technical operation or procedure that consists of determination of one or more characteristics of a given product, process or service according to a specified procedure. Often a test is part of an experiment. The test result can be qualitative (yes/no), categorical, or quantitative (a measured value). It can be a personal observation or the output of a precision measuring instrument. [Wikipedia]
test
Compression is the act of reducing volume by applying a force. [Allotrope]
In the case of tablets it is the act of forming a solid plug from individual powder / granule components.
compression
quantitation
In mathematics and empirical science, quantification (or quantitation) is the act of counting and measuring that maps human sense observations and experiences into members of some set of numbers. [Wikipedia]
quantification
Data acquisition is the process of sampling signals that measure real world physical conditions and converting the resulting samples into digital numeric values that can be manipulated by a computer. [Wikipedia]
data acquisition
true
A chemical structure determination includes a chemist's specifying the molecular geometry and, when feasible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solid. [Wikipedia]
structure determination
true
quality profile
A quality process profile is a process profile that covers the change of a quality of an independent continuant that is participant of the profiles process. [Allotrope]
suggested by Barry see comments on process profile
quality process profile
true
computation
computing
A calculation is a process by which a data transformation technique that involves problem solving for numbers or quantities is performed. [Allotrope]
calculation
true
Drawing is the process by which an object or liquid is extracted from a container or receptacle. [Allotrope]
drawing
true
The process boundary when the process ends. [Allotrope]
end
true
A peak analysis is a data transformation on a peak that analyzes peak facets. [Allotrope]
peak analysis
true
A ratio calculation is the process of performing the mathematical exercise of dividing a quotient of one quantity by another quotient to demonstrate the quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within the other. [Allotrope]
ratio calculation
true
Specifying is a process that produces an information object which describes constraints or objectives on characteristics like qualities, functions, dispositions, facets of continuants or processes. [Allotrope]
specifying
true
observation
sensing
Observation is the active acquisition of information from a primary source. In living beings, observation employs the senses. [Wikipedia]
observing
being contained
The state of keeping a flow within spatial limits. [Allotrope]
A vacuum bag contains debris vacuumed from a house. [NIST]
containing state
true
deliver
transmitting
Transferring is channeling a flow (material, energy, signal) from one place to another. [NIST]
transferring
true
transferring signal
transmitting signal
Communicating is transferring information from one material entity to another. This can be by way of a material or energy connecting the entity or by transporting the material bearing the information between the locations. [Allotrope]
communicating
true
creating
creation
production
A process where some new material entity or information content entity does not exists at the start of the process but is existing at the end by way of the process. [Allotrope]
Producing is dependent on the granularity and perspective. Many producing processes are converting processes in a different granulary or perspective.
producing
consumption
A process where a essential material entity participant ceases to exist at the end and it was existing at the start. [Allotrope]
needs FOL for full axiomization
consuming
collecting energy
energy consumption
Consuming energy is a consuming that consumes energy. [Allotrope]
consuming energy
energy production
Producing energy is the producing of energy (from an unspecified energy source). [Allotrope]
This is a black box perspective on the process only focussing on the energy flow out of the system. Within the system, this is a conversion process because of the physical laws of conservation. [Allotrope]
producing energy
The process of copying the information in a signal into a persistent information bearer. [Allotrope]
recording
The process boundary when the process starts. [Allotrope]
start
material selection
The partitioning of some object aggregate. [Allotrope]
Selection does not necessarily involve physical separation.
selecting
Referencing is the process of mentioning or referring to an entity by using a denotation of the entity. [Allotrope]
referencing
material maintenance
Maintaining is a regulating process that keeps some or all of the characteristics of a material over time within a specification. [Allotrope]
maintaining
true
disconnecting
The process of causing a flow to no longer be topologically connected. [NIST]
1 input flow to n output flows
For data flows, branching does not mean that the input flow fully ceases to exist. [Allotrope]
branching
true
partioning
portioning
splitting
Dividing is a separating of flows focused on all parts of the flow. [Allotrope]
dividing
true
Separating by drawing, or forcibly pulling out, a flow that is of a different kind than that of the input flow. [Allotrope, NIST]
A vacuum cleaner extracts debris from the imported mixture and exports clean air to the environment. [NIST]
extracting
true
channeling
localization
spatial process
A processing that affects the spatial location or orientation of some participants. [Allotrope]
localizing
true
Importing is a channeling that brings in a flow (material, energy, signal) from outside of a boundary to the inside. [Allotrope, NIST]
importing
true
Exporting is a channeling that sends a flow (material, energy, signal) from inside of a boundary to the outside. [Allotrope, NIST]
exporting
true
directing the course
Guiding is directing the course of a flow (material, energy, signal) along a specific path. [Allotrope, NIST]
guiding
true
Connecting is bringing two or more topological flows into connection. [Allotrope, NIST]
n input flows to 1 output flow
connecting
Coupling is connecting together material such that the members are still distinguishable from each other. [NIST]
coupling
Joining is the direct coupling of flows without any intermediary flow. [Allotrope]
joining
Linking is coupling flows together by means of an intermediary flow. [NIST]
linking
true
Controlling is changing or regulating a flow in its magnitude. [NIST, Allotrope]
controlling
true
activating
starting
switching on
turning on
Actuating is the process of commencing the flow of energy, signal, or material in response to an imported control signal. [NIST]
actuating
true
Regulating material is adjusting a quality of material in response to a control signal. [Allotrope]
regulating the temperature
regulating material
forming
molding
Shaping is changing the material in regard to spatial form. [Allotrope]
shaping
decrementing magnitude
Decrementing is reducing the magnitude of a quality in a predetermined and fixed manner. [Allotrope]
decrementing
incrementing magnitude
Incrementing is enlarging the magnitude of a quality in a predetermined and fixed manner. [NIST]
incrementing
A process boundary based on some physical characteristics at the start or end of some process changing these characteristics. [Allotrope]
achievement
A non-cumulative process (event) that is non-atomic. [DOLCE]
leaving a place
An accomplishment is the process of what is coming out instead of what is going on. (Aristoteles kinesis vs. energeia). [Allotrope]
accomplishment
true
A state is a homomeric, cumulative process in which all the temporal parts are described by the same expression used for the whole. [Allotrope]
corroding
state
collection
The act of gathering things together; having been brought together in one place. [NCI]
collecting
Arrival is the archivement of reaching the destination site in a moving process. [Allotrope]
arrival
keeping separated
A spatial change processing the increases the spatial distance from the start. [Allotrope]
repelling
staying in place
A state when material object keeps its spatial location and orientation. [Allotrope]
resting state
keeping close
A spatial change state the decreases the spatial distance at the end. [Allotrope]
attracting
true
A process that affects the topological connectedness or parthood of two or more flows. [Allotrope]
mereotopological process
distributing
distribution
A processing that causes a flow to break up into disconnected partitions. The individual bits are similar to each other and the undistributed material. [Allotrope]
partitioning
A state of keeping two materials topologically disconnected by a separation medium. [Allotrope]
blocking
Departure is the archivement of leaving the source site in a moving process. [Allotrope]
departure
true
orienting
spatial alignment
An achievement that aims for a specific the spatial location and orientation of a material entity. [Allotrope]
positioning
transducing
Changing from one form of a flow energy to another. [NIST]
A motor converts energy into mechanical energy.
converting energy
incrementing energy
loading
Increasing the amount of energy in a system. [Allotrope]
charging
decrementing energy
unloading
discharging
true
deactivating
impeding
turning off
Stopping it the process of ceasing or preventing the transfer of a flow. [NIST]
A reflective coating on a window stops the transmission of UV radiation through a window. [NIST]
stopping
true
importing signal
A process that transports a signal across a system boundary into the system. [Allotrope]
receiving
exporting signal
A process that transports a signal across a system boundary out of the system. [Allotrope]
sending
The state of perceiving or becoming aware of a signal. [Allotrope]
sensing state
The process of transforming a signal into a visual signal (color, pattern). [Allotrope]
displaying
The achievement that a signal has left a source in an information transmission. [Allotrope]
emission
fixing
securing
supporting
A state of supporting a material to stay in a location or orientation. [Allotrope]
holding in place
The accomplishment that a transferred signal reaches at its designated target. [Allotrope]
reception
true
A rate profile is a process profile, which are the targets ratios of determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time. [Allotrope]
rate profile
true
A cyclic rate profile is a rate profile of a process that follows a cyclic pattern. [Allotrope]
cyclic rate profile
A state s with participating materials m1 and m2, and m1 is not connected to m2. [Allotrope]
disconnected state
true
being connected
is connected
A state s with participating materials m1 and m2 and m1 is connected to m2. [Allotrope]
connected state
The state of material becoming liquid from a solid. [Allotrope]
melting
The state of material becoming solid from liquid. [Allotrope]
solidifying
flowing
A state when material is changing its position in space. [Allotrope]
moving
The state when the role of a signal is realized independent of any other material entity that may sense (perceive) the signal. [Allotrope]
indicating state
signal acquisition
The process of sensing signals and recording the information in the signals. [Allotrope]
tracking
Sorting is the dividing of material by an ordering criteria. [Allotrope]
sorting material
removal
Taking away a part of a flow from its prefixed place. [NIST]
removing
true
assembling
Combining is the building of a whole out of parts. [Allotrope]
combining
energizing
providing energy
supplying energy
State of making energy available for a consumer. [Allotrope]
energizing state
true
Regulating is the adjusting of a flow in response to a control signal. [NIST]
Turning the valves regulates the flow rate of the liquid flowing from a faucet. [NIST]
regulating
true
modifying
Changing is a processing by which an entity gains or looses parts, qualities, roles, dispositions, functions etc in a predetermined and fixed manner but maintains its identity. [Allotrope]
changing
Indicating is signaling to make something known to the user about a flow. [NIST]
indicating
analysis
analyte assay
An assay with the objective to capture information about the presence, concentration or amount of an analyte in the evaluand. [OBI]
analysis assay
Assessing is evaluating or estimating a quality or behavior. [Allotrope]
assessing
true
Image analysis is the discovering of patterns in an image that are correlated to qualities of the material entity the image represents or of abstract patterns. [Allotrope]
image analysis
true
A measurement that targets the temperature of some material entity. [Allotrope]
temperature measurement
storing
Storing is containing or collecting flows to accumulate. [NIST]
storing state
true
producing signal
Signaling is the process of providing information on a material, energy or signal flow as an output signal. [NIST]
signaling
supplying
A supplying state is a providing state that makes energy or material available for processing or consumption. [Allotrope]
In a flashlight, the battery supplies energy to the bulb. [NIST]
supplying state
Consuming signal is consuming of signals. [Allotrope]
consuming signal
true
An assay that examines physical qualities of material. [Allotrope]
physical characterization assay
providing
Providing is the state of accumulating or supplying a material or energy flow. [NIST]
providing state
collecting
A storing state that brings a flow together at one place. [NIST]
Solar panels collect ultraviolet sun rays to power small mechanisms. [NIST]
collecting state
true
Converting is a process that changes from one form of a flow (material, energy, signal) to another. [NIST]
converting
true
Changing from one form of a flow material to another. [NIST]
converting material
true
Interpolation is the constructing new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points. [Wikipedia]
interpolation
true
A peak analysis that determines the peak height following a specified algorithm. [Allotrope]
peak height analysis
true
A peak analysis that determines the peak width following a specified algorithm. [Allotrope]
peak width analysis
true
adding
summing
Totaling is the calculation of a sum or an integral. [Allotrope]
totaling
Sorting is distributing flows based on some associated physical quality or entity into distinct fractions according to a defined order. [Allotrope]
sorting
exporting material
taking material
Taking material is the exporting of material from a location or site. [Allotrope]
taking
true
Pumping is a material transport of fluids by suction or pressure or both. [Allotrope]
pumping
true
aggregating data
collecting data
data aggregation
A data transformation that assigns some data to a collection. [Allotrope]
data collection
true
Ordering data is the process of arranging data items systematically. [Allotrope]
ordering data
Denoting is a process that assigns a symbol to an entity in order to reference it. [Allotrope]
denoting
true
Describing is a process by which an account of some relevant characteristics, qualities or events of an entity are given or presented. [Allotrope]
describing
Identifying is recognizing an entity by some criteria and assigning an identifier to the entity. [Allotrope]
identifying
true
Indexing is the process of organizing data according to a specific plan, usually to streamline data retrieval. [Allotrope]
assigning a sequence of numbers to data items
indexing
reflecting
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. [Wikipedia]
reflection
regular reflection
Specular reflection is the mirror-like reflection of waves, such as light, from a surface. In this process, each incident ray is reflected, with the reflected ray having the same angle to the surface normal as the incident ray. [Wikipedia]
specular reflection
Diffuse reflection is the reflection of light or other waves or particles from a surface such that a ray incident on the surface is scattered at many angles rather than at just one angle as in the case of specular reflection. An ideal diffuse reflecting surface is said to exhibit Lambertian reflection, meaning that there is equal luminance when viewed from all directions lying in the half-space adjacent to the surface. [Wikipedia]
diffuse reflection
Scattering is a general physical process where some forms of radiation, such as light, sound, or moving particles, are forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by one or more paths due to localized non-uniformities in the medium through which they pass. [Wikipedia]
scattering
deflection
A deflection, in physics, refers to the change in an objects' acceleration as a consequence of contact (collision) with a surface or the influence of a field. [Wikipedia]
deflecting
Significantly restraining a flow, though a portion of the flow continues to be transferred. [NIST]
The structures of space vehicles inhibits the flow of radiation to protect crew and cargo.
inhibiting
Keeping a flow from happening. [NIST]
A submerged gate on a dam wall prevents water from flowing to the other side. [NIST]
preventing
true
A converting process that converts the signals from one form into another by changing its content. [Allotrope]
data transformation
comparison
The observation or assessment of the similarities or dissimilarities between two things. [Allotrope]
comparing
Assigning is the producing of an assignment that asserts some relation between entities. [Allotrope]
assigning
peak assigning
peak assignment
2018-08-01 Changed label and definition
Peak identification is an assigning of a peak to an analyte or portion of an analyte of interest. [Allotrope]
peak identification
true
Peak detection is a data transformation that finds peaks in a data distribution function. [Allotrope]
peak detection
true
An activity is a process that is cumulative but not homomeric. [Allotrope, DOLCE]
Same as process in DOLCE. [Allotrope]
activity
Containing is the state of keeping an object in the inside of a cavity. [Allotrope]
containing
A measuring that targets the number density. [Allotrope]
number density measurement
Sampling is the process of taking parts or partitions of an object aggregate or data set for the interest for studying it. [Allotrope]
sampling
Sampling data is sampling on a set of data items. [Allotrope]
sampling data
Descriptive statistics is the process of using and analyzing descriptive statistics. A descriptive statistic is a summary statistic that quantitatively describes or summarizes features of a collection of information. [Wikipedia]
descriptive statistics
inference
Inferring is a process that produces logical consequences by steps of reasoning, moving from premises. [Wikipedia]
inferring
Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to deduce properties of an underlying probability distribution. [Wikipedia]
statistical inference
labeling
Marking is changing some quality of a material so that it concretizes a symbol. [Allotrope]
marking a square on the board
modifying a sample to be a marker
marking
Dispersed state is a state of a system in which discrete particles of one material are dispersed in a continuous phase of another material. [Allotrope]
dispersed state
Degradation is the state of changing in the qualities of a material under the influence of one or more environmental factors such as heat, light or chemicals such as acids, alkalies and some salts to a lower level of quality. [Allotrope]
degradation
approval
approval process
Approving is agreeing to a proposition or accepting something as satisfactory towards an set objective. [Allotrope]
approving
Deciding is making a choice from a set of alternatives. [Allotrope]
deciding
A signing is attaching a signature to an information content entity. The signature is an identifier for the agent doing the signing. [Allotrope]
signing
submission
Submitting is the transferring of a material or information from a sender (the submitter) to a receiver with the intent that the receiver acts on the transferred entity towards an objective stated by the submitter. [Allotrope]
the submitting of a report for approval
the submitting of a sample for analysis
submitting
Shortening a passage or a write-up without changing its meaning but by using different words and sentences. [Wikipedia]
summarizing
reducing data
Data reduction is the transformation of numerical or alphabetical digital information derived empirically or experimentally into a corrected, ordered, and/or simplified form. [Wikipedia]
data reduction
Data aggregation is a data reduction that applies an aggregating function on the data to produce an aggregated (summary) datum from a collection of data items. [Allotrope]
averaging
totaling a sum
data aggregation
Averaging is the calculation of a mean statistic or a temporal average value. [Allotrope]
averaging
detecting
is detecting
A detecting state is a state that occurs when a detector detects its detection target. [Allotrope]
detecting state
executing
executing state
is executing
is running
running
A running state is a state during which a device or service performs its specified function in normal operation. [Allotrope]
running state
injection
Injecting is the forceful loading of a fluid into the interior of some other object. [Allotrope]
injecting
idle
is idle
An idle state is a state during which a device or service waits for being started to execute a planned process. [Allotrope]
idle state
completed
is completed
A completed state is a state during which a planned process has run to completion and the device or service is waiting for a reset that cause the state to change to an idle state. [Allotrope]
completed state
is paused
paused
A paused state is a state during which a device or service waits for being resumed to continue a planned process. [Allotrope]
paused state
aborted
is aborted
An aborted state is a state during which a planned process has run to completion in an abnormal way and the device or service is waiting for a reset that cause the state to change to an idle state. [Allotrope]
aborted state
is stopped
stopped
A completed state is a state during which a planned process has run to an end and the device or service is waiting for a reset that cause the state to change to an idle state. [Allotrope]
stopped state
held
is held
A held state is a state during which a device or service waits for a longer time e.g. for maintenance. [Allotrope]
held state
A process state is a state where a device or service is executing a planned process or is in a specific configuration. [Allotrope]
The subclasses follow the model of ISA-S88. [Allotrope]
These classes are mainly used in procedure specifications or conditions. [Allotrope]
process state
Monitoring is an observing of a quality important for the successful and/or safe operation of a controlled process. [Allotrope]
monitoring
time domain zero filling
zero filling
zero padding
Time domain zero padding is a data transformation used in fourier transformation by padding the time domain with zero values. [Allotrope]
time domain zero padding
being coated
is coated
Coated state is the connected state when a substance covers the surface of another substance. [Allotrope]
coated state
true
factor
fraction
proportion
relative amount
A ratio is a relational quality that is the proportion of the magnitude of two qualities of the same kind. [Allotrope]
ratio
true
The inner diameter is the diameter of the inside of a device. [Allotrope]
opening of the soller slit
inner diameter
true
Quality of a material entity of cylindrical or tubular shape which describes its length along its main (non-circular) dimension. [Allotrope]
cylinder length
true
granularity (material)
Quality of an independent continuant which describes the dimensions of an individual particle. [Allotrope]
particle size
A quality that is the extent of space between two entities. [PATO]
distance
configuration
device setting
setting
2018-12-05 Changed pref label [Allotrope]
A device configuration is a range of determinate quality or combination of qualities that are present in some part of the device that influence participants in some of the functions of the device including the device itself. [Allotrope]
detector wavelength is a device configuration of a specific detector assembly, e.g. optical filters or of a controller in the detector to detect certain ranges of wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum
device configuration
Quality of a bearer which describes the bearer's efficiency in terms of useful output energy. [Allotrope]
heat rate
Quality of velocity inhering in a bearer which is traveling in a straight line, meaning its direction is not changing. [Allotrope]
linear velocity
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its rotational force. [Allotrope]
torque
A quality which inheres in an independent continuant which has a difference in electric potential energy between two points per unit electric charge. [Wikipedia]
voltage
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to conduct an electrical charge. [Allotrope]
current
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its material properties pertaining to temperature. [Allotrope]
thermal quality
A conductivity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to spontaneous transfer of thermal energy from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. [Wikipedia]
thermal conductivity
thermal capacity
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its resistance or ability to change its temperature based on a change to the heat added or removed from said object (ratio of head added or removed from an object to the resulting temperature change). [Wikipedia]
heat capacity
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its emissivity, which is defined as a material's effectiveness in emitting energy as thermal radiation. [Wikipedia]
radiative emissivity
true
PAC, 1990, 62, 2167 (Glossary of atmospheric chemistry terms (Recommendations 1990))
PAC, 1996, 68, 2223 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996))
absorbance
Absorbance is the logarithm of the ratio of intensities of electromagnetic radiation on both sides of a medium that the radiation passes through. Lambert-Beer's law states that absorbance is equal to the product of molar coefficient of absorbance of an absorbing compound in a medium times its concentration in the medium times path length of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the medium. [Allotrope]
absorbance (quality)
focal distance
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how strongly the bearer converges or diverges light. [Wikipedia]
focal length
PAC, 2007, 79, 293 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry, 3rd edition (IUPAC Recommendations 2006))
reflectance factor
reflectivity
Reflectance is an optical quality that is the fraction of incident radiation reflected by a surface or discontinuity. [IUPAC]
reflectance
electromagnetic radiation quality
A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. [Wikipedia]
electrical and magnetic quality
resistance
Quality of a object or substance with the property of resisting opposing the flow of an electrical current. [NCI]
electric resistance
true
material state
A state of matter is a quality of material that is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many other states are known to exist only in extreme situations, such as Bose-Einstein condensates, neutron-degenerate matter, and quark-gluon plasma, which only occur in situations of extreme cold, extreme density, and extremely high-energy color-charged matter respectively. [Wikipedia]
state of matter
true
solid state of matter
A state of matter, in which particles are closely packed together. The forces between particles are strong so that the particles cannot move freely but can only vibrate. As a result, a solid has a stable, definite shape, and a definite volume. Solids can only change their shape by force, as when broken or cut. [Wikipedia]
solid
true
liquid state of matter
A state of matter that is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. [Wikipedia]
liquid
true
gaseous
gaseous state of matter
A state of matter that is a compressible fluid. Not only will a gas conform to the shape of its container but it will also expand to fill the container. In a gas, the molecules have enough kinetic energy so that the effect of intermolecular forces is small (or zero for an ideal gas), and the typical distance between neighboring molecules is much greater than the molecular size. A gas has no definite shape or volume, but occupies the entire container in which it is confined. [Wikipedia]
gas
true
plasma state of matter
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of its plasma is a state of matter, that is, it does not have definite shape or volume. Unlike gases, plasmas are electrically conductive, produce magnetic fields and electric currents, and respond strongly to electromagnetic forces. Positively charged nuclei swim in a "sea" of freely-moving disassociated electrons, similar to the way such charges exist in conductive metal. [Wikipedia]
plasma
true
Shear modulus is a ratio of shear stress to the shear strain. It is a quantity for measuring the stiffness of materials. The shear modulus is concerned with the deformation of a material. [Wikipedia]
shear modulus
true
zero shear modulus
A zero shear modulus is a determinate shear modulus with zero magnitude. [Allotrope]
shear modulus of zero magnitude
true
supercritical fluid state of matter
A gaseous state of matter in which temperature and pressure are above the critical temperature and critical pressure. In this state, the distinction between liquid and gas disappears. [Wikipedia]
supercritical fluid
true
gel state of matter
A gel is a solid state of matter of jelly-like material that can have properties ranging from soft and weak to hard and tough. Gels are defined as a substantially dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow when in the steady-state. By weight, gels are mostly liquid, yet they behave like solids due to a three-dimensional cross-linked network within the liquid. [Wikipedia]
gel
true
A particle size above one micrometer is a determinate quality of particle size that has a determinate magnitude of greater that one micrometer. Magnitude of particle size can be measured in different ways such as based on diameter of spherical objects. [Allotrope]
particle size above one micrometer
true
Exact mass is a quality of mass of an isotopic species that is obtained by summing the masses of the individual isotopes of the molecule. [Wikipedia]
exact mass
Thermodynamic property of a real gas that, if substituted for the pressure or partial pressure in the equations for an ideal gas, gives equations applicable to the real gas. [Wikipedia]
fugacity
Property that inheres in an independent continuant having to do with sound or hearing. [NCI]
acoustic quality
Frequency response is the quantitative measure of the output spectrum of a system or device in response to a stimulus, and is used to characterize the dynamics of the system. It is a measure of magnitude and phase of the output as a function of frequency, in comparison to the input. [Wikipedia]
frequency response
An unintended or unpleasant sound that emanates from a device. [NCI]
audible device noise
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the geometrical orientation of the oscillations of a transverse wave. [Allotrope]
polarization
true
D. Schulze: Powders and Bulk Solids, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg (2008).
Flowability is the quality of material to move by flow. [Allotrope]
flowability
Friction is a quality of an object which is resisting the force the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements produce when sliding against each other. [Wikipedia]
friction
Amount of substance is a quality inhered in a portion of material that is a size that is proportional to the number of elementary entities present. [Allotrope]
amount of substance
true
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "mass concentration". doi:10.1351/goldbook.M03713
mass concentration
2018-12-17 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
Mass concentration is a concentration that is defined as the mass of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. [IUPAC]
mass concentration (quality)
true
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
amount of substance concentration
molar concentration
molarity
Amount concentration is the ratio of molar amount of a substance divided by volume of mixture containing the amount of substance. [Allotrope]
amount concentration
true
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
PAC, 1996, 68, 957 (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))
The volume fraction is a fraction pertaining the volume of a constituent divided by the total volume of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]
volume fraction
true
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
A fraction is the ratio of one constitutent (part) to all constituents of a mixture. [Allotrope]
fraction
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
PAC, 1996, 68, 957 (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))
The mass fraction is a fraction pertaining the mass of a constituent divided by the total mass of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]
mass fraction
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
PAC, 1996, 68, 957 (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))
mole fraction
The amount fraction is the ratio of the amount of a constituent divided by the total amount of all constituents in the mixture. [Allotrope]
amount fraction
true
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
Volume concentration is a concentration that is defined as the volume of a constituent divided by the volume of the mixture. [Allotrope]
volume concentration
true
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
PAC, 1996, 68, 957 (Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996))
Number concentration is a concentration defined by number of entities of a constituent in a mixture divided by the volume of the mixture. [IUPAC]
number concentration
The dilution ratio is the ratio of solute to solvent. [Wikipedia]
dilution ratio
DF
Dilution factor is the ratio of the aliquot volume to the final volume. [Wikipedia]
dilution factor
count
size
The amount is the quality of a whole that is the number of entities that are part of the whole. [Allotrope]
amount
Number density is a quality of the amount of countable objects per units size. [Allotrope]
number density
partial pressure of oxygen
pO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen gas dissolved in a solution. [Allotrope]
pO2
partial pressure of carbon dioxide
pCO2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in a solution. [Allotrope]
pCO2
signal setting
A signal configuration is a device configuration of a device producing or consuming signals, that controls the processing of a signal. [Allotrope]
signal configuration
amplification
amplification configuration
amplification setting
gain
gain configuration
gain setting
signal amplification setting
signal gain setting
A gain setting is a signal configuration, that controls the amplification of an incoming or outgoing signal. [Allotrope]
signal gain configuration
signal offset setting
A signal offset configuration is a signal processing configuration, that adds/subtracts a fixed amount of magnitude to the signal strength or amplitude to move the zero reference. [Allotrope]
signal offset configuration
control setting
controller setting
A controller configuration is a device configuration of a controller, that directly influences the controlling process done by the controller towards a goal. [Allotrope]
controller configuration
trigger setting
A trigger configuration is a device configuration for a system with a sensor and an actor component, that directly influences when the sensor sends an activating signal to the actor based on an observation. [Allotrope]
trigger configuration
alert configuration
alert setting
notification setting
signaling configuration
signaling setting
A notification setting is a trigger setting in a system that has a notification component, that controls when the component send out a notification signal. [Allotrope]
A pressure sensor measures the pressure of the liquid in the plumbing an if the notification setting on the pressure is above a maximum, it triggers the notification of a signaling device, such as a warning lamp.
notification configuration
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
PAC, 1994, 66, 533 (Standard quantities in chemical thermodynamics. Fugacities, activities and equilibrium constants for pure and mixed phases (IUPAC Recommendations 1994))
Partial pressure is the notional pressure of a gas in a mixture of gases, if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same temperature. [Wikipedia]
partial pressure
Purity is a composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer lacking undesired components. [Allotrope]
It is generally quantified by the sum of the mass fractions of the impurities subtracted from a theoretically pure value of 100%.
purity
mechanics quality
A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer behaves when subjected to forces or displacements and the effect of their bodies on their environment. [Wikipedia]
mechanical quality
deformation
Strain is a quality of deformation representing the displacement between particles in the body relative to a reference length. [Wikipedia]
A general deformation of a body can be expressed in the form x = F(X) where X is the reference position of material points in the body.
strain
τ
A shearing force is applied to the top of the rectangle while the bottom is held in place. The resulting shear stress deforms the rectangle into a parallelogram. The area involved would be the top of the parallelogram. A shear stress is the component of stress coplanar with a material cross section. [Wikipedia]
shear stress
A normal strain is strain perpendicular to the face of an element. [Wikipedia]
normal strain
A shear strain is parallel to the face of an element. [Wikipedia]
shear strain
total mass of impurities
Total impurities is a composition quality that is the sum of the mass of all impurities in a material. [Allotrope]
total impurities
A purity quality of a material with respect to its stereoisomers. [Allotrope]
stereochemical purity
The absolute value of the mole fraction for one diastereomer in a mixture minus the mole fraction for the other. [CHMO]
diastereomeric excess
doi:10.1359/goldbook.D01681
The ratio of the percentage of one diastereomer in a mixture to that of the other. [CHMO]
diastereomeric ratio
The ratio of the percentage of one enantiomer in a mixture to that of the other. [CHMO]
enantiomeric ratio
doi:10.1359/goldbook.E02070
The absolute value of the mole fraction for one enantiomer in a mixture minus the mole fraction for the other enantiomer. [CHMO]
enantiomeric excess
difference
An excess is a relational quality that is the difference in magnitude of two qualities of the same kind. [Allotrope]
excess
Impurity is a composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer having undesired components. [Allotrope]
impurity
Stereochemical composition is a composition quality based on the stereochemistry of its components. [Allotrope]
stereochemical composition
A dilution composition is a composition quality of a dilution. [Allotrope]
dilution composition
Reaction composition is a composition quality of a reaction mixture. [Allotrope]
reaction composition
conversion
Conversion is a reaction composition quality dependent on the fraction of reactant remaining. [Allotrope]
conversion (quality)
percentage yield
yield
Reaction yield is a reaction composition quality expressed as a percentage of the theoretical maximum mass of the product given the masses of the reactants. [CHMO,Allotrope]
Often there is an assumption that the product and starting materials have the same relative response in the analytical method being used.
yield (quality)
selectivity
Reaction selectivity is a reaction composition that is expressed as the number of moles of desired product per the number of moles of undesired product. [Wikipedia]
reaction selectivity
wavenumber
Wavenumber is a physical quality that inheres in a wave by virtue of the number of wave patterns per unit length along the direction of propagation. It is reciprocal to wavelength. [Allotrope]
2019-07-04 Quality can be either acoustic. electromagnetic or radiation. [Allotrope]
wavenumber (quality)
International Vocabulary of Metrology – Basic and General Concepts and Associated Terms (VIM 3rd edition) JCGM 200:2012
resolution
Resolution is the quality of a sensor (measurement instrument, detector) to be able to measure the smallest change in a qualities that causes a perceptible change in the corresponding indication. [Allotrope]
resolution (quality)
true
melt temperature
melting temperature
The melting point is the temperature where a material changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase. [Allotrope]
melting point
polarity
Polarity is the quality inhered in an energy that is the positive or negative direction of an electrical, acoustical, or magnetic force relative to a reference state. [Allotrope, NCIT]
2019-07-04 Quality can be either acoustic, electro magnetic or radiation. [Allotrope]
polarity (quality)
The average radius of the pores within the solid particles. [Allotrope]
pore size
A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being only capable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices in outer layer of the solid and not its solid impermeable core. [Allotrope]
fused core
true
task
An action is a unit element in a procedure and is a concretization of an action specification. [Allotrope]
action
A procedure is plan containing multiple activities that are intended to be executed in an order following a procedure specification. [Allotrope]
procedure
true
Portion of reality that is realized in some process. [Allotrope]
situation
true
constitution
physique
structure
A specific combination of qualities that the bearer realizes at some time. [Allotrope]
configuration
true
environment
A situation that is realized in a processes outside the system boundary of an operation situation of a device. [Allotrope]
example: humid conditions
environmental situation
true
operation
The situation when a device is performing its intended function. [Allotrope]
operational situation
true
A transition is a situation that is realized when one or more preceding processes end and the one or more succeeding processes begin. [Allotrope]
transition
true
A realizable entity that when realized coincides with the start of some intended or causally dependent process. [Allotrope]
trigger
chemical agent
A disposition of a portion of material to react with other materials in a specific way by nature of its chemical composition. [Allotrope]
chemical disposition
A surfactant (or a mixture containing one or more surfactants) disposed to having cleaning properties in dilute solutions. [ChEBI]
detergent
The disposition to lower the surface tension of the medium in which the material is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and, accordingly, is positively adsorbed at the liquid/vapor and/or at other interfaces. [ChEBI]
surfactant
surface-active agent
A surface-active agent is a disposition of a portion of material to react or interact with the surface of other materials. [Allotrope]
surface-active disposition
A chemical reaction disposition is a disposition inhered in a reaction mixture. [Allotrope]
chemical reaction disposition
A reaction selectivity disposition is a disposition of a reaction mixture to have a reaction selectivity. [Allotrope]
reaction selectivity disposition
A signature is facet that is a proof of identity and intent of a signer towards some information. [Allotrope]
signature
true
A plot of intensity vs. kinetic energy obtained when a high energy photon ionizes a core electron and an electron from a higher energy level descends to take its place, releasing sufficient energy to eject a second so-called 'Auger' electron. [CHMO]
Auger spectrum
true
DSC curve
DSC heating curve
DSC plot
DSC thermogram
DSC thermograms
A plot of enthalpy vs. temperature obtained by measuring the enthalpy required to increase the temperature of a sample as a function of temperature. [CHMO]
differential scanning calorimetry curve
true
microwave spectra
A plot of emission vs. wavelength obtained through a Fourier transform of the time series of the radiation emitted by a sample of gas phase molecules that have been excited by a microwave-frequency pulse. [CHMO]
microwave spectrum
true
conversion spectra
A plot of a quantity related to the absorption, for example absorbance or cross section, multiplied by the quantum yield for the process considered against a measure of photon energy such as frequency, wavenumber or wavelength. [CHMO]
conversion spectrum
true
photoelectron spectra
A plot of photoelectron count vs. kinetic energy. [CHMO]
photoelectron spectrum
true
CD spectra
CD spectrum
circular dichroic spectra
circular dichroic spectrum
circular dichroism (CD) spectra
circular dichroism spectra
A plot of ellipticity vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the differential absorption of left- and right-handed circularly polarized photon radiation as a function of wavelength. [CHMO]
circular dichroism spectrum
true
alpha particle spectra
alpha particle spectrum
alpha-particle spectra
α-particle spectra
α-particle spectrum
A plot of alpha-particle count vs. energy obtained by measuring the number and kinetic energies of alpha-particles emitted by a sample. [CHMO]
alpha-particle spectrum
true
Data obtained from a structure determination method. [CHMO]
structure data
true
voltammetric profile
A plot of cell current vs. the potential between the indicator and reference electrodes obtained from a voltammetry experiment. [CHMO]
voltammogram
true
A data set derived from chemical imaging consisting of a three-dimensional image where two axes describe the x and y spatial dimensions and the third dimension represents spectral wavelength. The image is obtained by stacking one image per spectral wavelength sequentially. [CHMO]
chemical map
true
ITC curve
ITC curves
ITC-curve
isothermal titration calorimetric curve
A plot of energy vs. time obtained from the measurement of the heat evolved during a chemical or biochemical reaction (such as protein--receptor binding). [CHMO]
isothermal titration calorimetry curve
true
\gamma-ray spectra
\gamma-ray spectrum
gamma ray spectra
gamma ray spectrum
gamma-ray spectra
A plot of gamma-ray count vs. energy spectrum obtained by measuring the number and energy of gamma-rays emitted or absorbed by a sample. [CHMO]
gamma-ray spectrum
true
An electropherogram is the outcome of a capillary electrophoresis that reports the response of a detector as a function of time. [Allotrope]
electropherogram
true
EELS spectra
EELS spectrum
electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) spectra
electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) spectrum
electron energy-loss spectra
A plot of intensity vs. energy loss obtained by measuring the energy lost by electrons on interacting with a surface. [CHMO]
electron energy-loss spectrum
true
photoacoustic spectra
A plot of intensity vs. wavelength obtained by measuring the sound emitted when a gaseous sample is exposed to an intense laser beam, which is rapidly interrupted by a rotating slotted disk. [CHMO]
photoacoustic spectrum
true
adsorption-desorption isotherm
adsorption/desorption isotherm
A plot of relative pressure vs. volume adsorbed obtained by measuring the amount of an inert gaseous or liquid substance (the 'sorbent', usually H2 or N2) which adsorbs onto the surface of interest (the 'sorbate'), and the subsequent amount that desorbs at a constant temperature. [CHMO]
adsorption-desorption isotherm
true
A data point is the single point in a coordinate space. [Allotrope]
data point
2018-07-19 Changed definition, relaxed restriction. [Allotrope]
A peak group is a user defined set of peaks for which summed peak facet data is expected. [Allotrope]
A common example is for alkanes such as heptanes. Often all of the isomers (C7H16, CH3CH2(CH3)C4H10, C2H5CH2(CH3)C3H8, CH3CH2(CH2CH3)C3H8, etc) are reported as a single value.
Sum of all peak areas in the group.
peak group
true
A chromatogram is a distribution function of a detector signal (such as ion count or absorbance) versus time of acquisition or versus volume of analyte. [Allotrope]
chromatogram
true
IR spectra
IR spectrum
infra-red spectra
infra-red spectrum
infrared (IR) spectra
infrared (IR) spectrum
infrared spectra
A plot of absorbance or transmittance vs. wavelength/wavenumber/frequency obtained by measuring the absorption or transmission of infrared radiation by a sample. [CHMO]
infrared spectrum
true
NMR spectra
NMR spectrum
nuclear magnetic resonance spectra
Any spectrum that shows the response of spin-active nuclei to radio frequency radiation in an applied magnetic field. [CHMO]
nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
true
optical transmission spectrum
A plot of extinction (or transmittance) vs. wavelength (or wavenumber) obtained by measuring the amount of radiation transmitted through a sample as a function of the wavelength of the incident radiation. Optical extinction spectra can also be derived theoretically. [CHMO]
optical extinction spectrum
true
atomic spectra
A plot of absorption or emission radiation vs. frequency that reflects the internal degrees of freedom of an atom, obtained in an experiment where the sample is vaporized and then atomized. [CHMO]
atomic spectrum
true
IET spectra
IET spectrum
inelastic tunneling spectra
inelastic tunnelling spectra
inelastic tunnelling spectrum
A plot of current (or a first or higher derivative of current with respect to voltage) vs. voltage obtained by measuring the tunneling current through a metal-oxide-metal sandwich. Molecules are adsorbed onto the oxide and these molecules can affect the tunneling via the excitation of vibrational states. [CHMO]
inelastic tunneling spectrum
true
A melting curve is the data distribution function over temperature that is the output of a melting curve analysis. Melting curve analysis is an assessment of the dissociation characteristics of double-stranded DNA during heating. As the temperature is raised, the double strand begins to dissociate leading to a rise in the absorbance intensity, hyperchromicity. [Wikipedia]
melting curve
true
GEMMA spectra
GEMMA spectrum
A plot of electrophoretic mobility diameter vs. particle count generated by separating singly-charged complexes in air under the influence of an electric field. [CHMO]
gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis spectrum
true
action spectra
A plot of a relative biological or chemical photoresponse per number of incident photons against wavelength or energy of radiation under the same radiant power of light. [CHMO]
action spectrum
true
oximetric data
oximetry data
oximetry spectra
A plot of % oxygen vs. time, measured during a process where oxygen is consumed or evolved. [CHMO]
oximetry spectrum
true
acoustic emission spectra
A plot of decibels vs. frequency obtained by measuring the amount of noise generated by a sample as a function of frequency of incident radiation. [CHMO]
acoustic emission spectrum
true
A plot of stress vs. flow rate obtained from rheological measurements. [CHMO]
flow curve
true
X-ray spectra
A plot of intensity vs. energy obtained by measuring the number and energy of X-rays absorbed or emitted by a sample. [CHMO]
X-ray spectrum
true
beta particle spectra
beta particle spectrum
beta-particle spectra
β-particle spectra
β-particle spectrum
A plot of beta-particle count vs. energy obtained by measuring the number and energy of beta-particles emitted by a sample. [CHMO]
beta-particle spectrum
true
A plot of e vs hv where e is the molar extinction coefficient, that is used to determine the optical gap (or 'Tauc gap') in amorphous thin film materials. [CHMO]
Tauc plot
true
A peak describes a part of a data distribution function at a definite range of the experimental parameter (independent variable) of the distribution function. This definition includes a single data point of the distribution function. [Allotrope]
peak
true
EMR spectrum
electromagnetic spectrum
The electromagnetic radiation spectrum is the range of frequencies (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies. [Wikipedia]
electromagnetic radiation spectrum
true
Collection of peaks or peak groups for a specific purpose. [Allotrope]
peak list
true
IPCE spectrum
incident photon conversion efficiency spectra
incident photon to collected electron (IPCE) spectra
incident photon to collected electron (IPCE) spectrum
incident photon to collected electron spectra
incident photon to current collection efficiency spectrum
incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency spectrum
incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) spectrum
incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency spectrum
A plot of incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) vs. wavelength obtained from a solar or photovoltaic cell. [CHMO]
incident photon conversion efficiency spectrum
true
Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 85, No. 7, pp. 1515–1609, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-06-04-06
mass spectra
A mass spectrum is a data distribution function that plots the relative abundances of ions forming a beam or other collection as a function of their m/z values. [IUPAC]
The term is a misnomer because it is m/z rather than mass that is the independent variable in a mass spectrum. [IUPAC]
mass spectrum
true
titration data
titration plot
A plot of volume of titrant vs. an independent variable (e.g., pH or enthalpy) obtained from a titration experiment. [CHMO]
titration curve
true
A plot of intensity against wavelength obtained by measuring the amount of radiation emitted by a sample through luminescence against the frequency of the incident radiation. [CHMO]
luminescence spectrum
true
M\ossbauer spectra
M\ossbauer spectrum
Moessbauer spectra
Moessbauer spectrum
Mossbauer spectra
A plot of intensity vs. velocity obtained by measuring the intensity and kinetic energy of a beam of gamma-rays transmitted through a solid sample. [CHMO]
Mossbauer spectrum
true
A plot of absorbance vs. wavelength, obtained by measuring the amount of radiation absorbed by a sample as a function of the wavelength of incident radiation, which reflects the electronic degrees of freedom of an atom or molecule. [CHMO]
electronic absorption spectrum
true
Raman spectra
A plot of intensity vs. Raman shift (cm-1) obtained by measuring the Raman scattering of monochromatic light from a sample. [CHMO]
Raman spectrum
true
Murray, K., Boyd, R., Eberlin, M., et al. (2013). Definitions of terms relating to mass spectrometry (IUPAC Recommendations 2013). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 85(7), pp. 1515-1609. Retrieved 9 May. 2019, from doi:10.1351/PAC-REC-06-04-06
A total ion current profile is a data distribution function of the total ion current recorded as function of time or time dependent sampling. [Allotrope]
total ion current profile
A file is a resource for storing information, which is available to a computer program and is usually based on some kind of durable storage. [Wikipedia]
file
forecast
A prediction or forecast is a proposition about a future event. [Wikipedia]
prediction
true
The calibration curve is a plot of how the instrumental response, the so-called analytical signal, changes with the concentration of the analyte (the substance to be measured). [Wikipedia]
calibration curve
true
Linear procedure specification that specifies analysis. [Allotrope]
analysis sequence
An analysis method is a plan specification that specifies an analysis. [Allotrope]
analytical method
true
An interpolation algorithm using cubic polynomials. [Allotrope]
cubic interpolation algorithm
true
Interpolation is a method of constructing new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points. [Wikipedia]
interpolation algorithm
true
Linear interpolation is a method of curve fitting using linear polynomials to construct new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points. [Wikipedia]
linear interpolation algorithm
true
event log
event protocol
protocol
A description that describes the actual flow of events that occurred in some process. [Allotrope]
log
true
protocol entry
A log entry is a type of description that is an item in a log. [Allotrope]
log entry
true
A quality profile control command is an action specification about a quality process profile. [Allotrope]
quality profile control command
true
measurement scale
Level of measurement is a classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables. [Wikipedia]
level of measurement
true
A classification that only introduces categorical values. [Allotrope]
nominal scale
true
A classification of measurement that introduces equality and rank-ordering. [Allotrope]
ordinal scale
true
A scale that is based on equal quantitative intervals. [Allotrope]
interval scale
true
A scale that introduces a zero as origin and allows equality, rank-ordering, equality of intervals and equality of ratios. [Allotrope]
ratio scale
true
A log-interval scale is a type of measurement scale that classifies values based on logarithmic intervals. [Allotrope]
log-interval scale
true
A cyclic scale is a type of measurement scale that classifies values based on recurring intervals. [Allotrope]
angle
orientation
weekday
cyclic scale
true
Counts are like ratio scale that they have a zero point but there are no meaningful fractional units. [Allotrope]
counts
true
A classification is a proposition that categorizes things into classes or collections of things differentiated by some criteria. [Allotrope]
classification
true
ID
An identifier is a name that identifies (that is, labels the identity of) either a unique object or a unique class of objects, where the "object" or class may be an idea, physical [countable] object (or class thereof), or physical [uncountable] substance (or class thereof). [Wikipedia]
identifier
true
A globally unique identifier is an identifier whose uniqueness is guaranteed in a decentralized way by following a certain algorithm in its creation. [Allotrope]
a UUID
globally unique identifier
true
An identifier that uniquely denotes objects only within the scope of a specific object aggregate and that is not registered in an identifier registry. [Allotrope]
local identifier
true
A range that describes a range of quantity values using the same unit. [Allotrope]
quantity range
true
A list index is a type of index that is related to a list item in a collection. [Allotrope]
list index
true
A description is a proposition about an existing entity. [Allotrope]
description
true
A facet is a partial information that contains an aspect of some information content entity or parts of it when participating in some process. The facet abstracts of the concrete representation of this aspect of information. [Allotrope]
facet
true
A multiplicand in a mathematical product expression. [Allotrope]
factor
true
A factor with a complex number as value. [Allotrope]
complex factor
true
A factor with a integer number as value. [Allotrope]
integer factor
true
A factor with a real number as value. [Allotrope]
real factor
true
A facet that represents some strictly ordered key in an associative array or the position of a member in a list. [Allotrope]
index
true
An index that denotes some matrix component. [Allotrope]
matrix index
true
An index that denotes some tensor component. [Allotrope]
tensor index
true
An index that denotes some vector component. [Allotrope]
vector index
true
An order facet adds information of the ordering of some information in an aggregation of information. [Allotrope]
order
true
A predecessor is an order facet of an information content entity that refers to the information content entity immediately before it in a containing list. [Allotrope]
predecessor
true
A successor is an order facet of an information content entity that refers to the information content entity immediately after it in a containing list. [Allotrope]
successor
true
base
In mathematical numeral systems, the radix or base is the number of unique digits, including zero, used to represent numbers in a positional numeral system. [Wikipedia]
radix
true
Size is the number of members of some collection of data. [Allotrope]
size
true
timestamp
2018-10-29 Changed pref label to time, timestamp is alt label [Allotrope]
A time is a facet that adds temporal information to an information content entity about the point in time when the information content entity it is participating in the some process. [Allotrope]
Duration is a close match, but is about a time interval.
This facet can have multiple representational forms, e.g. XML dateTime or QUDT time quantity values.
time
true
flow specification
protocol
workflow specification
A specification on the order, transitions and trigger of multiple action specifications that are part of some aggregate action specification. [Allotrope]
procedure specification
true
An interpolation algorithm using polynomials. [Allotrope]
polynomial interpolation algorithm
true
An interpolation algorithm using cubic polynomials. [Allotrope]
quadratic interpolation algorithm
true
command
instruction
A directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take. [IAO]
action specification
true
An action specification that specifies an event within a process when the specified activity is realized. [Allotrope]
The events are modeled after the ISA-S88 process commands. [Allotrope]
process command
true
A specification that specifies a participant in a process by the function it bears in it. [Allotrope]
function specification
true
event table
linear procedure specification
sequence specification
2018-10-19 Changed pref label [Allotrope]
A procedure specification with a linear ordered collection of action specifications. [Allotrope]
sequential procedure specification
true
A facet that is part of a peak. [Allotrope]
peak facet
true
A peak facet that denotes the ordinate value of the peak apex offset by the baseline ascribed to the peak. [Allotrope]
peak height
true
peak height (relative)
2018-07-19 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that denotes the height of the peak relative to some other peak or summation of peaks. [Allotrope]
relative peak height
true
increment
The difference between two discrete points next to each other in a range of discrete values. [Allotrope]
A device property can be set between a minimum and maximum value but only in steps of the increment value. [Allotrope]
Step size of sweeping over 2Theta, unit ° [Allotrope]
step size
true
time
2019-07-04 Moved under process quantification facet in taxonomy. [Allotrope]
A measure of the magnitude of the time region in which the process occurs. [Allotrope]
duration
true
The date/time of the measurement. [Allotrope]
measurement time
true
A description of a fundamental characteristic of a process. [Allotrope]
process property
true
2019-07-04 Moved under process quantification facet in taxonomy. [Allotrope]
A measure of the magnitude of change of some participating entity per amount of time relative to other processes having similar changes. [Allotrope]
rate
true
An observation is a description of a portion of reality that has been observed during an observing process. [Allotrope]
observation
true
The number of points is the total number of points sampled during a measurement. [Allotrope]
In a spectrum, the number of points is the total number of peak positions.
number of quick slope points in UV/VIS
number of sampled points
true
directive information entity
A specification is a proposition about the intended purpose or design of an entity. [Allotrope]
specification
true
tensor
tensor value
In mathematics, tensors are geometric objects that describe linear relations between geometric vectors, scalars, and other tensors. Elementary examples of such relations include the dot product, the cross product, and linear maps. The tensor datum is a facet that uses a tensor as an abstract mathematical description. [Wikipedia]
tensor datum
true
higher-order tensor
higher-order tensor value
A tensor with order greater than 2. [Allotrope]
higher-order tensor datum
true
matrix
matrix value
In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns. [Wikipedia]
matrix datum
true
scalar
scalar value
A scalar is an element of a field which is used to define a vector space. [Wikipedia]
review of definition needed
scalar datum
true
Euclidean vector
geometric vector
vector
vector value
In mathematics, physics, and engineering, a Euclidean vector (sometimes called a geometric or spatial vector, or—as here—simply a vector) is a geometric object that has magnitude (or length) and direction. [Wikipedia]
vector datum
true
integer vector
integer vector datum
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only integer scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector integer datum
true
number vector
number vector datum
number vector value
A vector number datum is a vector datum that has only numeric scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector number datum
true
quantity vector
quantity vector datum
quantity vector value
A vector quantity datum is a vector datum that has only quantity value scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector quantity datum
true
time
time interval
time value
A time datum is a type of datum that quantifies a duration of time or is about a time interval. [Allotrope]
time datum
true
scalar range
scalar range value
A scalar range datum is a type of datum that is about range quantified by a scalar value. [Allotrope]
scalar range datum
true
A specification that specifies the determinate range of some quality. [Allotrope]
quality specification
true
A capability specification specifies some function that the target of the specification inheres. This capability can be restricted to a specific situation. [Allotrope]
capability specification
true
A participant specification which specifies an information object that has the contextual role of a parameter in the realized process. [Allotrope]
A parameter specification can include a formal name, a datatype, a shape or range of values if the parameter is a datum.
A parameter specification is about a parameter. It is a parameter itself only in the context of a specification process.
parameter specification
true
A participant specification that specifies a information objects that have the contextual role of a result in the realized process. [Allotrope]
result specification
true
A specification that specifies a participant in a process by the general role it plays in it. [Allotrope]
role specification
true
A specification about the transition between two or more actions. [Allotrope]
transition specification
true
A trigger specification is a situation specification that specifies a trigger. [Allotrope]
trigger specification
true
A specification of a circumstances (process). [Allotrope]
situation specification
true
scalar integer value
A datum that is an integer value. [Allotrope]
scalar integer datum
true
count
A datum that has non-negative integer values that is about the number of discrete things. [Allotrope]
count datum
true
A datum that is a decimal value. [Allotrope]
scalar decimal datum
true
A datum that is a IEEE floating point value. [Allotrope]
scalar floating point number datum
true
scalar nominal datum
A scalar categorical datum is a type of datum that describes something based on a scalar value for a kind of category. [Allotrope]
scalar categorical datum
true
A scalar datum that has a numeric value. [Allotrope]
scalar number datum
true
scalar quantity
scalar quantity value
A scalar quantity datum is a type of datum that is about a quantity and quantifies by a scalar value. [Allotrope]
scalar quantity datum
true
assertion
content
statement
A proposition is an information content entity that is statement or assertion that has a truth value. [Allotrope]
proposition
true
A representation form is a type of information content entity that represents an entity in a certain way. [Allotrope]
plot as representation form of a temperature profile
representation form
true
A model is a purposeful simplified description of a part of reality that focuses on specific aspects. [Allotrope]
model
true
A model that explains some principle rules about something. [Allotrope]
theory
true
A physical domain is a type of description that covers physical objects. [Allotrope]
physical domain
true
A specification that is part of some action specification that specifies some continuant that when the concretized action is realized becomes a participant playing some (contextual) role in the process. [Allotrope]
participant specification
true
isobar
2019-05-09 Moved under classification datum. [Allotrope]
Isobar is a classification facet that classifies atoms (nuclides) of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons. Correspondingly, isobars differ in atomic number (or number of protons) but have the same mass number. [Wikipedia]
isobar (nuclide)
true
A tuple is a finite ordered list (sequence) of elements. [Wikipedia]
tuple
true
abstract object
A mathematical object is an information content entity that is an abstraction in the area of mathematics. It has a formal definition that allows for deductive reasoning and mathematical proofs. [Allotrope]
mathematical object
true
A 1-tuple is a tuple that is a singleton. [Wikipedia]
1-tuple
true
A 2-tuple is a tuple that is an ordered pair. [Wikipedia]
2-tuple
true
A 3-tuple is a tuple that is a triple or triplet. [Wikipedia]
3-tuple
true
A configuration specification is a type of specification that is about the configuration of parameters related to a specification target. [Allotrope]
configuration specification
true
2019-05-10 Moved up in hierarchy [Allotrope]
A registry is information content entity that is an aggregate of designations. [Allotrope]
registry
true
A description of distribution of a quantity with respect to a set of parameters. [Allotrope]
This can be the result of a measurement, simulation or prediction. [Allotrope]
data distribution function
2018-07-19 Definition changed. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that quantitates the area enclosed by a peak and the selected baseline. [Allotrope]
peak area
A peak facet that denotes the abscissa value of the extrema (maxima or minima) attributed to the peak in a data description function. The extrema is often determined through a mathematical fitting of measurement signals to eliminate spurious extrema due to noise. [Allotrope]
peak position
2018-08-01 Changed definition [Allotrope]
A peak facet denoting its width at a specified peak height or variance. [Allotrope]
peak width
2018-07-19 Definition changed. [Allotrope]
A peak facet that describes the deviation of the peak's distribution from symmetry about its mean. [Allotrope]
peak asymmetry
Slope is a mathematical facet of a line that describes both the direction and the steepness of the line. [Wikipedia]
slope
dot
two-dimensional point
A point is a two-dimensional figure that represents a zero-dimensional spacial region. [Allotrope]
point
true
A figure facet is a facet that is part of a figure. [Allotrope]
figure facet
An assignment is a proposition that is an assertion of some relation between entities. [Allotrope]
assignment
true
A timebase is a description that is about a point in time (process boundary or zero dimensional temporal region) that has the role of a temporal reference. [Allotrope]
timebase
true
A facet that is part of a mathematical expression, formula or equation. [Allotrope]
mathematical facet
true
quantity facet
2019-07-04 Changed pref label to be more precise. [Allotrope]
A facet that is part of a quantification of a quality or process. [Allotrope]
A quantification facet is usually a quantity value or a categorization into some group. It is described by a numeric value together with a unit or a categorical value. [Allotrope]
quantification facet
true
capability
A capability proposition is a proposition that is about the range of possible values for a quality or potential roles and functions under given conditions. [Allotrope]
capability proposition
A scalar double datum is a scalar floating point number datum having a IEEE double precision datum (xsd:double). [Allotrope]
scalar double datum
operator
Analyst is measurement metadata about the name or identifier of a person that has the role of an analyst in the measurement. [Allotrope]
analyst
Measurement metadata is a facet that is part of a information content entity about a measurement that is about the context of the measurement, but not directly about the measurement result or a measurement parameter. [Allotrope]
measurement metadata
pH datum
pondus hydrogenii
pH (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution, defined as the decadic logarithm of the reciprocal activity of hydrogen ions. [Allotrope]
pH
PAC, 1990, 62, 2167 (Glossary of atmospheric chemistry terms (Recommendations 1990))
PAC, 1996, 68, 2223 (Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996))
Absorbance is a quantity facet that quantifies the absorbance as logarithm to the base 10 (linear absorbance) of the incident (prior to absorption) spectral radiant power, divided by the transmitted spectral radiant power. [IUPAC]
absorbance
The acquisition time is the time when a signal is captured. [Allotrope]
acquisition time
A wavelength is a facet that quantifies a wavelength of electromagnetic radiation. [Allotrope]
wavelength
true
peak id
A peak identifier is an identifier that identifies a peak. [Allotrope]
peak identifier
peak area (relative)
A peak facet that denotes the area of the peak relative to some other peak or summation of peaks. [Allotrope]
relative peak area
A peak name is a written name that denotes some peak. [Allotrope]
peak name
A peak index is an index that denotes a peak in a list of peaks. [Allotrope]
peak index
A peak facet that quantitates the amount of analyte attributed to the peak based on a calibration curve, response factor or other quantitative formula. [Allotrope]
peak analyte amount
A peak facet that denotes the amount of analyte ascribed to a the peak relative to the amount of some other analyte or summation of analytes. [Allotrope]
relative peak analyte amount
A peak facet that indicates whether the response curve of the peak is above or below the signal baseline. [Allotrope]
peak polarity
A peak facet that denotes the first value of the abscissa that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]
peak start
A peak facet that denotes the first value of the ordinate that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]
peak value at start
A peak facet that denotes the last value of the abscissa that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]
peak end
A peak facet that denotes the last value of the ordinate that belongs to the peak. [Allotrope]
peak value at end
A peak facet that describes the peak start boundary with respect to the signal, integration determined signal baseline or a neighboring peak. [Allotrope]
peak baseline start code
A peak facet that describes the peak end boundary with respect to the signal, integration determined signal baseline or a neighboring peak. [Allotrope]
peak baseline end code
A peak facet that denotes the ordinate value of the baseline of a peak at the peak start time. [Allotrope]
baseline value at start of peak
A peak facet that denotes the ordinate value of the baseline of a peak at the peak end time. [Allotrope]
baseline value at end of peak
A peak point is a data point that is a member of a peak. [Allotrope]
peak point
A 2D-data point is a data point in 2-dimensional space. [Allotrope]
2D-data point
A 3D-data point is a data point in 3-dimensional space. [Allotrope]
3D-data point
The peak start point is the data point of the peak with the smallest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
peak start point
The peak start point is the data point of the peak with the largest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
peak end point
The peak maximum point is the data point of the peak with the largest ordinate value. [Allotrope]
peak maximum point
tuple element
tuple object
A tuple item is an object in a tuple. [Allotrope]
tuple item
A peak facet that ratios the peak height value with background level of noise. It is an indication of the sensitivity of a particular method toward the analyte that the peak represents. [Allotrope]
signal-to-noise ratio
A signal-to-noise ratio calculated using the Root Mean Square noise method. [Allotrope]
signal-to-noise ratio (RMS)
signal-to-noise (peak-to-peak, EP 2.2.46)
signal-to-noise (peak-to-peak, JP-G20)
signal-to-noise (peak-to-peak, USP 621)
A signal-to-noise ratio calculated using the peak-to-peak noise method. This includes JP-G20 (measured over optimally 20 X peak width at half height but at least 5 times the peak width at half height), EP 2.2.46 (measured over at least 5 times the peak width at half height), USP 621 (measured over at least 5 times the peak width at half height). [Allotrope]
signal-to-noise ratio (peak-to-peak)
A signal-to-noise ratio calculated using the ASTM E1657-98 method. [Allotrope]
signal-to-noise ratio (ASTM E1657-98)
A peak facet that measures the degree of separation between the peak and another specified peak. [Allotrope]
peak resolution
The peak minimum point is the data point of the peak with the smallest ordinate value. [Allotrope]
peak minimum point
The peak extremum point is the data point of the peak with the largest or smallest ordinate value. [Allotrope]
peak extremum point
population
population (statistics)
In statistics, a population is a set of similar items or events which is of interest for some question or experiment. A statistical population can be a group of existing objects or a hypothetical and potentially infinite group of objects conceived as a generalization from experience. [Wikipedia]
statistical population
statistical sample
A statistical sample set is a description of a subset of the statistical population, that is chosen to represent the population in a statistical analysis. [Wikipedia]
statistical sample set
A partition is a collection that is an aggregate part of a larger collection. Each member of the partition is also a member of the larger collection. [Allotrope]
partition
A descriptive statistic is a summary statistic that quantitatively describes or summarizes features of a collection of information. [Wikipedia]
descriptive statistic
aggregate facet
summary facet
A summary datum is a facet of a collection that is about summary information about features of the members of the collection, such as descriptive statistics in order to communicate the largest amount of information as simply as possible. [Allotrope]
maximum height of a peak - peak is a collection of peak points, peak height is a facet of each peak point.
summary datum
true
The position is the location of a physical entity. [Allotrope]
Geolocation expressed as geographic coordinates
Position expressed with respect to a given coordinate system at some time t.
Position of a vial on a tray expressed as indexed number.
position
true
2018-07-23 Replaced deprecated af-p:AFP_0001083
A single point of a calibration where one or multiple test points are used. [Allotrope]
In pH calibration a point with a set pH and buffer solution.
calibration point
true
composition
formulation
The formulation of a material is a data object that describes its composition of ingredients. [Allotrope]
formulation description
An information content entity that describes the background (offset) component of a signal not due to the analyte (peak) of interest. [Allotrope]
baseline
control parameter
A control setting is a setting that controls how a process is executed by some system. [Allotrope]
control setting
alert parameter
An alert setting is a setting that specifies conditions and situations that trigger alerts during the operation of a device. [Allotrope]
maximum environment humidity
maximum pressure of the fluid for a plumbing system
minimum environment temperature for operation
alert setting
formula
function
function (mathematics)
2018-12-19 Added alt label. [Allotrope]
A function is a process or a relation that associates each element x of a set X, the domain of the function, to a single element y of another set Y (possibly the same set), the codomain of the function. [Wikipedia]
function (math)
manufacturer
An equipment manufacturer is a symbol that denotes the entity manufacturing the equipment. [Allotrope]
equipment manufacturer
A firmware version is a version number that identifies the firmware of a device. [Allotrope]
firmware version
In electronic systems and computing, firmware is "the combination of a hardware device, e.g. an integrated circuit, and computer instructions and data that reside as read only software on that device". As a result, firmware usually cannot be modified during normal operation of the device. Typical examples of devices containing firmware are embedded systems (such as traffic lights, consumer appliances, and digital watches), computers, computer peripherals, mobile phones, and digital cameras. The firmware contained in these devices provides the control program for the device. [Wikipedia]
firmware
In computer science, a queue is a particular kind of abstract data type or collection in which the entities in the collection are kept in order and the principal (or only) operations on the collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal position, known as enqueue, and removal of entities from the front terminal position, known as dequeue. [Wikipedia]
queue
measurement queue
A list used to sequence objects and to line up requests for a resource. [NCI]
request queue
The peak width determined at the baseline level. The peak tangents are drawn from the turning points of the leading and trailing edges. Then the points of intersection with the baseline are calculated. The distance between the two points of intersection is the baseline level width. [Allotrope]
peak width at baseline
The peak width calculated at five percent of its peak height. [Allotrope]
peak width at 5% of height
The peak width calculated at half of the peak height. [Allotrope]
peak width at half height
true
norm
A standard is a norm or requirement that is established for technical systems. [Wikipedia]
standard
classification facet
A classification datum is a facet that classifies some entity. [Allotrope]
classification datum
class facet
type datum
type facet
A type datum is a classification datum that classifies a thing as an instance of a n RDFS class. [Allotrope]
class datum
concept facet
A concept datum is a classification datum that classifies a thing by a SKOS concept. [Allotrope]
concept datum
code datum
A classification datum that classifies things by a code in a codelist. [Allotrope]
code classification datum
attribute specification
characteristic specification
feature specification
A property specification is a specification about a feature, property, attribute or characteristic. The specification defines constraints on it, such as being an instance of a specific class. [Allotrope]
a SHACL property shape
property specification
A scalar double datum is a scalar floating point number datum having a IEEE single precision datum (xsd:float). [Allotrope]
scalar float datum
A decision is a proposition that is a choice made from a set of alternative propositions. [Allotrope]
decision
decimal vector
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only decimal scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector decimal datum
floating point vector
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only floating point scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector floating point number datum
float vector
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only IEEE single precision floating point scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector float datum
double vector
A number vector datum is a vector datum that has only IEEE double precision floating point scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector double datum
true
plan
recipe
A directive information entity with action specifications and objective specifications as parts that, when concretized, is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives by taking the actions specified. [IAO]
To lose weight, go running daily for at least 30 minutes. To isolate plasma from blood, centrifuge tubes at 1100-1300 rpm for 15 minutes. [IAO]
plan specification
true
begin
begin command
start
A start command is a process command that orders the procedural element to begin executing the normal RUNNING logic. This command is only valid when the procedural element is in the IDLE state. [Allotrope]
start command
A setting is a specification about a configuration of some controllable system or a situation occurring in a system that triggers a reaction. [Allotrope]
A maximum pressure in a plumbing system that triggers a warning.
A temperature that is that target temperature setting of a thermostat.
setting
sampling method
statistical specification
A statistics method is a specification (method) for sampling a population, quantification of qualities of the samples and applying statistics on the quantified qualities to produce summary information on the population. [Allotrope]
statistical method
role datum
A role class datum is a classification datum that classifies an entity by the role or contextual role class it plays in the context of the classification datum. [Allotrope]
role class datum
boolean
boolean datum
boolean value
A scalar datum that has a boolean value. [Allotrope]
scalar boolean datum
scalar text datum
string
string datum
string value
A scalar datum that has a textual value. [Allotrope]
scalar string datum
scalar datetime datum
timestamp
timestamp datum
timestamp value
A scalar datum that has a timestamp (xsd:dateTime) literal value. [Allotrope]
scalar timestamp datum
URI
URI datum
URI value
A scalar datum that has a URI as value. [Allotrope]
The URI value is here a literal represented by xsd:anyURI datatype. It is not an RDF resource reference. [Allotrope]
scalar URI datum
boolean vector
boolean vector datum
boolean vector value
A vector boolean datum is a vector datum that has only boolean scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector boolean datum
string vector
string vector datum
A vector boolean datum is a vector datum that has only string scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector string datum
datetime vector
datetime vector datum
timestamp vector
timestamp vector datum
vector datetime datum
A vector boolean datum is a vector datum that has only timestamp scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector timestamp datum
URI vector
URI vector datum
A vector URI datum is a vector datum that has only URI scalar components. [Allotrope]
vector URI datum
baseline data point
A baseline point is a data point that is member of a baseline. [Allotrope]
baseline point
The baseline start point is the data point of the baseline with the smallest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
baseline start point
true
The baseline start point is the data point of the baseline with the largest abscissa value. [Allotrope]
baseline end point
A baseline facet is a facet that is part of a baseline. [Allotrope]
baseline facet
A baseline facet that denotes the first value of the abscissa that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]
baseline start
A baseline facet that denotes the last value of the abscissa that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]
baseline end
A baseline facet that denotes the first value of the ordinate that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]
baseline value at start
A baseline facet that denotes the last value of the ordinate that belongs to the baseline. [Allotrope]
baseline value at end
A setting snapshot is a setting for a specific point in time. [Allotrope]
The setting can be a collection of subsettings.
setting snapshot
A trigger specification that specifies a trigger that triggers after a certain period of time. [Allotrope]
time trigger specification
A definition is a proposition that succinctly characterizes an entity. [Allotrope]
definition
A quality quantification facet is a quantification facet that is a data output of some measurement and quantifies some measured quality. [Allotrope]
quality quantification facet
temperature datum
A temperature (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some temperature. [Allotrope]
temperature
osmolality datum
A osmolality (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some osmolality. [Allotrope]
osmolality
conductivity datum
A conductivity (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies some conductivity. [Allotrope]
conductivity
relative response function
signal intensity
Intensity (datum) is a quantity facet that quantifies the relative magnitude of a signal. [Allotrope]
intensity
Wavenumber (datum) is a quantity facet that is the reciprocal of the wavelength or the number of waves per unit length along the direction of propagation. [Allotrope]
wavenumber
An interferogram is a data distribution function of interference between a reference wave and an experimental wave produced by an interferometer. [Allotrope]
interferogram
A Raman interferogram is an interferogram produced by FT Raman spectroscopy. [Allotrope]
Raman interferogram
substance name
The analyte name is a name of a material that has the role of an analyte in an analysis assay. [Allotrope]
analyte name
plan specification name
recipe name
A method name is a name that denotes a plan specification (method). [Allotrope]
method name
International Vocabulary of Metrology – Basic and General Concepts and Associated Terms (VIM 3rd edition) JCGM 200:2012
Resolution is a description of the smallest change in a quality being measured by a sensor (measurement instrument, detector) that causes a perceptible change in the corresponding indication. [Allotrope]
resolution
time offset
A delay is a process property that describes a difference in time between a process boundary and some other point in time. [Allotrope]
delay
end
end command
stop
A stop command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute the stopping logic. [Allotrope]
This command is valid when the procedural element is in the running, pausing, paused, holding, held, or restarting state. [ISA-88]
stop command
pause
wait
wait command
A pause command is a process command that orders the procedural element to pause at the next programmed pause transition within its sequencing logic and await a resume command before proceeding. [Allotrope]
This command is only valid in the running state. [ISA-88]
pause command
restart
A restart command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute the restarting logic to safely return to the running state. [Allotrope]
This command is only valid when the procedural element is in the held state. [ISA-88]
restart command
abort
An abort command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute an aborting logic. [Allotrope]
The command is valid in every state except for idle, completed, aborting and aborted. [ISA-88]
abort command
hold
A hold command is a process command that orders the procedural element to execute the holding logic. [Allotrope]
This command is valid when the procedural element is in the running, pausing, paused or restarting state. [ISA-88]
hold command
reset
A reset command is a process command that causes a transition to the idle state. [Allotrope]
This command is valid from the complete, aborted, and stopped states. [ISA-88]
reset command
resume
A resume command is a process command that orders a procedural element that has paused at a programmed transition as the result of either a pause command or a single step mode to resume execution. [Allotrope]
This command is only valid when the procedural element is in the paused state. [ISA-88]
resume command
mass concentration datum
A mass concentration datum is a datum that quantifies some mass concentration quality. [Allotrope]
mass concentration
formula
formula (mathematics)
A formula is a notation of a term, fact, rule or function expressed in terms of mathematical symbols. [Allotrope]
formula (math)
diagnostic profile
A diagnostic trace is a data distribution function that records the output of some diagnostic monitoring process over time. [Allotrope]
diagnostic trace
Polarity is a quality quantification facet that describes the positive or negative direction of an electrical, acoustical or magnetic force relative to a reference state. [Allotrope]
polarity
A polarity code is a code that indicates a polarity. [Allotrope]
polarity code
A brand name is a marketed name given by a maker of a product to a product or class of products, especially a trademark. [Allotrope]
brand name
A process quantification facet is a quantification facet that is the output of some measurement over a process or temporal region. [Allotrope]
process quantification facet
true
analyst
Analyst is the role of a person which is an agent in the process of examination. [Allotrope]
analyst role
true
conditional role
Condition role is a contextual role of an information object that specifies a prerequisite. [Allotrope]
condition role
controller
Controller role is a controlling role of some material entity that is controlling some other object or a process. [Allotrope]
controller role
true
Denominator is the conceptual role of a scalar that indicates the number of equal parts into which the unit is divided. [Allotrope]
denominator
true
An identifier role is the contextual role of an information content entity that identifies another entity. [Allotrope]
identifier role
interpolation
An interpolation is the contextual role of a quantity or number that has been the result of an interpolation. [Allotrope]
interpolation role
true
Name role is a contextual role of an information content entity that refers to an entity by a non-identifying designation. [Allotrope]
name role
true
nominal value
2018-07-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A nominal value is a contextual role of an information content entity that states an asserted value, that is assumed to be true. [Allotrope]
nominal datum
true
Numerator is the conceptual role of a scalar that indicates the number which is to be divided into equal parts. [Allotrope]
numerator
true
objective
Objective role is the contextual role of an information object that describes an intent or purpose which is a situation at the process end point. [Allotrope]
objective role
true
parameter
parameter (process)
process parameter
2018-12-19 Added alt labels. [Allotrope]
Parameter role is a data input role that is about some useful or critical characteristic of a particular system, for the purpose of identification, controlling, or evaluating the performance, status or conditions in the process. [Allotrope]
parameter role
Material that is undergoing a cleaning process. [Allotrope]
part cleaned
reference
A role inhered by a participant that is a reference for qualitative or quantitative comparison in relation to other entities. [Allotrope]
measuring standard
reference role
selected object
selected component
2018-07-23 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A selected object is the selection role of the object that is selected from the selection target. [Allotrope]
selected object role
true
setting role
setting value
2018-07-31 Changed definition and pref label. [Allotrope]
Setting datum is the contextual role of an information object that specifies some device or process setting. [Allotrope]
setting datum
true
A snapshot is the contextual role of an information object that is about a point in time within the bounds of a process. [Allotrope]
snapshot
true
specification subject
specification target
A specification target is the role of a material entity that participates in a specifying process and is what the resulting specification is about. [Allotrope]
specification target role
true
Temporal mean is the contextual role of a quantity (quantity value or count) that describes a arithmetic mean of a quantity over time. [Allotrope]
temporal mean
true
Time segment is a contextual role of some information object that is about a temporal part in the context of representation of a process. [Allotrope]
time segment
sample
A sample role is a type of role whose bearer is a material entity that is the output of a sampling. [Allotrope]
sample role
true
A contextual role that describes the way information is participating in some process from a causal dependency perspective. [Allotrope]
processing role
true
The role of some datum forming the maximum or minimum value in a range or collection of values. [Allotrope]
bound role
The role of a datum that is smaller than all data in an ordered range or collection. [Allotrope]
lower bound
The role of a datum that is greater than all data in an ordered range or collection. [Allotrope]
upper bound
true
data output
result
Data output role is a type of contextual role of an information artifact that is the output of a process. [Allotrope]
data output role
true
data input
Data input role is a type of contextual role of an information artifact that is the input of a process. [Allotrope]
data input role
true
An aggregation role is a contextual role of an information entity that is participant of an aggregation process. [Allotrope]
aggregation role
Aggregate role is the contextual role of an information content entity that is a collection of others. [Allotrope]
aggregate role
Member role is the contextual role of an information object that is member of some collection. [Allotrope]
member role
true
description
description role
A role of an information content entity that is meant to describe an object. [Allotrope]
descriptive purpose
true
A description of the cause-consequence relation of processes. [Allotrope]
causal role
true
Cause is the causal role of an information content entity that is about something causally dependent for another thing. [Allotrope]
cause
true
effect
Consequence is the causal role of an information content entity that is about something causally resultant from another thing. [Allotrope]
consequence
true
An invariant is the contextual role of an information object that is about a situation that does not change during the whole process. [Allotrope]
invariant
true
A post condition is the temporal contextual role of an information content entity that is about the situation, that is a condition so that a process can end or achieve its goal. [Allotrope]
post condition
true
A precondition is the temporal contextual role of an information content entity that is about the situation, that is a condition so that a process can start. [Allotrope]
precondition
true
designative role
A designative purpose is a type of contextual role of information artifacts that denote an entity in order to describe its characteristics. [Allotrope]
designative purpose
An index role is a contextual role of an information object that denotes to another object that is part of an aggregation and it is the data output of some indexing process. [Allotrope]
index role
true
directive
directive role
specification
specification datum
specification role
specified datum
specified value
2018-07-31 Changed definition and pref label. [Allotrope]
A directive purpose or specification role is a type of contextual role of information content entities that are about an entity with a purpose to give directions. [Allotrope]
directive purpose
true
A contextual role of information that describes some social rules that are imposed on the use of some entity, that a member of the social community has to follow. [Allotrope]
prescriptive purpose
true
A contextual role of information that is dependent on some temporal region or process boundary. [Allotrope]
temporal role
true
exception
A contextual role of information the describes an unexpected, unusual or unintended situation. [Allotrope]
exception role
true
2018-12-19 Changed definition. [Allotrope]
A variable is the contextual role of some data that is part of some other data that is varied in a mathematical function or during data processing. [Allotrope]
variable
true
A dependent variable is a contextual role of an information artifact that represents the outputs or outcomes whose variation is being studied. [Wikipedia]
dependent variable
true
An independent variable is a contextual role of an information artifact that represents inputs or causes for variation of a dependent variable. In the experimental setting, the independent variable is controlled by the experimenter. Models and experiments test or determine the effects that the independent variables have on the dependent variables. [Wikipedia]
independent variable
true
actual value
observed value
2018-07-19 Changed pref label and definition. [Allotrope]
A actual value is the contextual role of an information content entity that is the direct or indirect output of some observation and describes some quality. [Allotrope]
actual datum
The role inhered in a material entity that sends the transferred object in a transfer process. [Allotrope]
sender role
The role inhered in a material entity that receives the transferred object in a transfer process. [Allotrope]
receiver role
medium
A transfer medium is the role of a material that carries the transfered flow. [Allotrope]
transfer medium role
true
At end is the contextual role of an information content entity that is about the end of a process. [Allotrope]
at end
true
At start is the contextual role of an information content entity that is about the start of a process. [Allotrope]
at start
true
During is the contextual role of an information object that is about something within a temporal range of a process. [Allotrope]
during
detection stimulant
A role inhered when the presence of the bearer indicates the presence of the detection target in a detection process. [Allotrope]
detection stimulant role
transfer role
A role that is realized in some transfer process. [Allotrope]
transferring role
Storage medium is the role of a material or site where something is stored. [Allotrope]
storage medium role
A role that is realized in some storing process. [Allotrope]
storage role
selection population
selection set
selection target
The selection target is the role of a participant in a selection process from which partitions are selected. [Allotrope]
selection target role
true
analyte
The component of a system to be analyzed. [CHMO]
analyte role
The role of a material that is the flow by which means a linking process is established. [Allotrope]
linking medium role
true
calculated value
2018-07-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A datum that is the result of some calculation. [Allotrope]
calculated datum
true
A derived measure is a measure that is the outcome of some indirect measurement. The derived value is derived from base measures by calculations following a formula or algorithm. [Allotrope]
derived measure
true
A base measure is a measure that is the direct output of some measurement process. [Allotrope]
base measure
true
measured value
A measure is an actual value that is the direct or indirect outcome of some measurement and refers to some metric. [Allotrope]
measure
true
A contextual role is a representation of a specific interpretation of the information content object or of the circumstances that the information content object is referencing to. [Allotrope]
objective of a specification
parameter of a calculation
result of a measurement
contextual role
Indexed member is the member role that has an index facet. [Allotrope]
indexed member
Ordered member is a member role that has an ordering within the collection. [Allotrope]
ordered member
experiment sample
An experiment sample is a role that is played by a material object of interest in an assay used to obtain generalizable information about the sample source. [Allotrope]
experiment sample role
coated material
substrate
substrate role
A coated material is a coating role of a material whose surface is being coated by another material which it covers. [Allotrope]
coated material role
coating
coating medium
coating medium role
A coating role is the role of a material that coats another material (the substrate). [Allotrope]
coating role
measurand
A measurand role is a measurement role of a material entity that is being measured. [Allotrope]
measurand role
additive
Additive is a role of material that is added to a mixture in order to achieve a supportive purpose. [Allotrope]
additive role
false
PAC, 1996, 68, 155 (Glossary of terms used in chemical kinetics, including reaction dynamics.)
catalyst
A catalyst role is a reagent role of a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without modifying the overall standard Gibbs energy change in the reaction; the process is called catalysis. The catalyst is both a reactant and product of the reaction. [IUPAC]
catalyst role
debris
Debris is a role of material to be waste. [Allotrope]
debris role
PAC, 1972, 31, 577 (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry) on page 612
detergent
A detergent role is a cleaning role of a surface active agent (or a mixture containing one of more surface active agents) having cleaning properties in dilute solution. [IUPAC]
detergent role
diluent
Diluent is a role of material used to lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture of another ingredient. [NCI]
diluent role
dispersant
A dispersant is either a non-surface active polymer or a surface-active substance added to a suspension, usually a colloid, to improve the separation of particles and to prevent settling or clumping. [Wikipedia]
dispersant role
excipient
Excipient is a role of a generally pharmacologically inactive substance that is formulated with the active ingredient of a medication. [ChEBI]
excipient role
true
filtrate
Filtrate is a role of liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. [Wikipedia]
filtrate role
intermedate reagent role
intermediate
intermediate reagent role
intermediate role
reaction intermediate
Intermediate role is a role of material that is formed from reactants (or preceding intermediates) and reacts further to give the directly observed products of a chemical reaction. [Wikipedia]
reaction intermediate role
marker
A marker is a role of material to allow for identification of an object of interest. [Allotrope]
marker role
reactant
starting material
Reactant role is a role of a chemical entity that is present at the start of a reaction. [Allotrope]
reactant role
true
PAC, 1972, 31, 577 (Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry) on page 608
retentate
The retentate role is the role of the material that is retained by a filtration process. [Allotrope]
retentate role
standard
standard role
Standard material role is a role of material that is set up and established by authority as a reference material for the measure of quantity, weight, extent, value, or quality. [Allotrope]
standard material role
detergent
detergent role
washing agent
washing agent role
Cleaning agent role is a role of material used for cleaning something. [Allotrope]
cleaning agent role
origin
origin role
2018-08-10 Changed labels [Allotrope]
Origin is the contextual role of an information object that is about the spatio-temporal location at the beginning of a process that changes it. [Allotrope]
origin datum
true
relative value
A relative datum is the contextual role of a datum that is about a quantity or number that is the result of a ratio or difference calculation or an assertion of magnitude relative to a reference entity. [Allotrope]
relative datum
ingredient
Ingredient is a role of material that is used in a material combining process to produce a new material. [Allotrope]
ingredient role
The sum is the contextual role of numerical data that results from the addition of two or more numbers, amounts, or items. [Allotrope]
sum
A version role is the contextual role of an information content entity that denotes a specific variant in the history. [Allotrope]
version role
validation
validation sample
An validation sample role is a sample role of a material sample that is used for validation purposes. [Allotrope]
validation sample role
control
control sample
An control sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a known amount of analyte for control purposes. [Allotrope]
control sample role
calibration
calibration sample
An calibration sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a known amount of substance for calibration purposes. [Allotrope]
calibration sample role
standard
standard sample
An standard sample role is a sample role of a material sample that does contain a known amount of standard. [Allotrope]
standard sample role
unknown
unknown sample
An unknown sample role is a sample role of a material of an unknown substance, or that does contain an unknown amount of analyte. [Allotrope]
unknown sample role
quality control
quality control sample
An quality control sample role is a control sample role of a material that is used for purposes of quality control. [Allotrope]
quality control sample role
reference
reference sample
An reference sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a known amount of analyte. [Allotrope]
reference sample role
blank
blank sample
blank sample role
An blank role is a sample role of a material that does not contain any analyte. [Allotrope]
blank role
spike
spike role
spike sample
A spiked sample role is a sample role of a material that does contain a spike substance. [Allotrope]
spiked sample role
unspiked
unspiked sample
An unspiked sample role is a sample role of a material sample that does not contain a spike substance. [Allotrope]
unspiked sample role
true
Spatio-temporal role is a type of contextual role of an information artifact that denotes an entity in a spatio-temporal context. [Allotrope]
spatio-temporal role
destination
destination role
2018-08-10 Changed labels [Allotrope]
Destination is the contextual role of an information object that is about the spatio-temporal location at the end of a process that changes it. [Allotrope]
destination datum
true
expression role
term
term role
A role of a mathematical information object as component of a mathematical formula. [Allotrope]
term mathematical role
solvent
Solvent is the role of a potion of liquid material when it dissolves a solute in order to produce a solution. [Allotrope]
solvent role
dissolved compound
dissolved substance
solute
solvated compound
Solute is the role a portion of material when it is dissolved within a solution. [Allotrope]
solute role
discontinuous phase
dispersed phase
The dispersed phase role is the dispersion role of a portion of material in a dispersion, that is distributed in the form of discrete discontinuities
(particles, droplets or bubbles), in a second immiscible phase that is
continuous. [NIST]
dispersed phase role
continuous medium
continuous medium role
continuous phase
The continuous phase role is the dispersion role of a portion of material constituting the medium, a phase that exhibits continuity throughout the
dispersion. [NIST]
continuous phase role
The role of a portion of material that participates in a dispersion process to form a colloid. [Allotrope]
dispersion role
The role of a portion of material that participates in a dissolution process to form a solution. [Allotrope]
dissolution role
true
A contextual role that describes an interpretation in a mathematical model. [Allotrope]
coordinate
variable
mathematical role
true
abscissa
The x-coordinate is the Cartesian coordinate in the first dimension of a 2- or 3-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. [Allotrope]
x-coordinate
true
ordinate
The y-coordinate is the Cartesian coordinate in the second dimension of a 2- or 3-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. [Allotrope]
y-coordinate
true
The contextual role of a scalar as component of a vector or tuple in a coordinate system specifying a point in space. [Allotrope]
coordinate
true
A Cartesian coordinate is a coordinate in a Cartesian coordinate system, that specifies each point uniquely in an n-dimensional Euclidean space . These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes. [Allotrope, Wikipedia]
Cartesian coordinate
reference purpose
reference role
A reference datum is the contextual role of some information content entity that is referenced in the context of another information content entity for the purpose of comparison. It describes or denotes an object that has the role of a reference role. [Allotrope]
reference datum
temporal reference
The role of some data piece of information that acts as reference for stating relative time. [Allotrope]
temporal reference role
operator
Operator is the role of a person which controls or uses a device in an agent role. [Allotrope]
operator role
A role which is played by a participant in a selection process. [Allotrope]
selection role
The role of a participant of a cleaning process. [Allotrope]
cleaning role
true
about role
information subject role
information target role
2018-08-03 Change labels [Allotrope]
A role of an entity in some information producing process that produces information about this entity. [Allotrope]
subject role
The role of a participant in a detecting process. [Allotrope]
detection role
detection target
The role inhered by being the objective of a detecting activity. [Allotrope]
detection target role
A role of a participant in an analysis assay. [Allotrope]
analysis role
A role of a participant in a measurement. [Allotrope]
measurement role
A role of a participant in a linking process. [Allotrope]
linking role
A role of a participant in a controlling process. [Allotrope]
controlling role
control target
control target role
controlled object
Controlled object is the role of a material entity that is being controlled by a controller in a controlling process. [Allotrope]
controlled object role
The role of a portion of material that participates in a dilution process. [Allotrope]
dilution role
result
Result role is a data output role that applies to new information produced by a process. [Allotrope]
result role
A ratio datum is a relative datum that expresses the relative magnitude as a ratio of the magnitude of the subject to that of the reference entity. [Allotrope]
ratio datum
A difference datum is a relative datum that expresses the relative magnitude as a difference or interval of the magnitude of the subject to that of the reference entity. [Allotrope]
difference datum
A relation role is a contextual role of an information content entity that is about a relation of the subject of the information content entity to another entity. [Allotrope]
relation role
first
A first member is an ordered member that has no predecessor in the aggregate. [Allotrope]
first member
last
A last member is an ordered member that has no successor in the aggregate. [Allotrope]
last member
A statistical role is a contextual role of data in statistics. [Allotrope]
statistical role
average
mean
The arithmetic mean is the statistical role of datum that is the sum of a collection of numbers divided by the number of numbers in the collection. [Wikipedia]
arithmetic mean
The median is a statistical datum that denotes the value separating the higher half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half. [Wikipedia]
median
Skewness is a statistical datum that is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or undefined. [Wikipedia]
skewness
The variance is a statistical role of a datum that denotes the expectation of the squared deviation of a random variable from its mean. [Wikipedia]
variance
A statistical sample role is the contextual role of a subset of a statistical population that is chosen to represent the population in a statistical analysis. [Wikipedia]
statistical sample role
population
population role
statistical population
A statistical population role is the statistical role of a set of similar items or events which is of interest for some question or experiment (the statistical population). A statistical population can be a group of existing entities or a hypothetical and potentially infinite group of entities conceived as a generalization from experience. [Wikipedia]
the class of living cells is the population role in the 'average living cell diameter' result datum of a cell counter result
statistical population role
aleatory variable
random quantity
stochastic variable
In probability and statistics, a random variable, random quantity, aleatory variable, or stochastic variable is a variable whose possible values are outcomes of a random phenomenon. [Wikipedia]
random variable
statistic
statistical result
A statistic datum is the summary output of descriptive statistics on a statistical population. [Allotrope]
statistic datum
trigger value
An trigger datum is the role of a datum that specifies some situation about a system or environment participating in a process that should trigger the start of another process. [Allotrope]
trigger datum
An survival range is the contextual role of an description or specification of about an environment in which the operation of a system can or should operate without damaging the system. [Allotrope]
survival range
alert value
An alert datum is a trigger datum that specifies a trigger that initiates a notification process that warns about an unintended situation. [Allotrope]
alert datum
domain
domain (mathematics)
2018-12-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A domain is the mathematical role of the set a function is applied on. [Allotrope]
domain (math)
codomain
codomain (mathematics)
2018-12-19 Changed pref label. [Allotrope]
A codomain is the mathematical role of the set a function maps to. [Allotrope]
codomain (math)
detector
The detector role is a detection role of a material entity that is detecting some other entity. [Allotrope]
detector role
A synthesis role is a role of a material that is participating in a synthesis (material conversion) process. [Allotrope]
synthesis role
A formulation role is a role of a material that is participating in a formulation process. [Allotrope]
formulation role
Particulate phase role is the role of the particles dispersed in a gel, sol or aerosol. [NIST, Allotrope]
particulate phase
API
active pharmaceutical ingredient
The role of a material in a drug product that is biologically active when interacting with other components of the drug product, other potential drug products, or the chemistry of the body into which the drug will be applied. [Allotrope]
active pharmaceutical ingredient role
specimen
Specimen role is the sample role of a prepared fraction of a portion of material that is analyzed in a particular experiment. [Allotrope]
specimen role
by-product
A material role of an expected but not desired product of a synthesis. [Allotrope]
the leaving group in a de-protection step.
by-product role
chemical product
product
A role of a material that is intended and desired to be produced in a synthesis. [Allotrope]
product role
batch
lot
lot role
Batch role is a product role of a portion of material that is intended to have uniform character and quality, within specified limits, and is produced according to a single manufacturing order during the same cycle of manufacture. [Allotrope, CFR21]
batch role
A filtration role is a role of a material in a filtration process. [Allotrope]
filtration role
flush
rinse
rinse solution
rinsing agent
rinsing solution
The role of a solvent to flush something in order to remove contaminants including residual detergent. [Allotrope]
rinse solution role
impurity
A material role for any component of material that is not part of the defined product at the particular stage of manufacture or storage. [Allotrope]
For example a starting material is not an impurity at the start of a reaction but it is an impurity after the final purification step.
impurity role
degradation product
A degradation product is an impurity resulting from a chemical change in the drug substance brought about during manufacture and/or storage of the new drug product by the effect of, for example, light, temperature, pH, water, or by reaction with an excipient and/or the immediate container closure system. [ICH-Q3B]
degradation product role
true
unidentified degradation product
A degradation product role for which a structural characterization has not been achieved and that is defined solely by qualitative analytical properties (e.g., chromatographic retention time). [ICH-Q3A]
unidentified degradation product role
true
unspecified degradation product
A degradation product role that is limited by a general acceptance criterion, but not individually listed with its own specific acceptance criterion, in the new drug product specification. [ICH-Q3A]
unspecified degradation product role
classification role
A contextual role of information that classifies some of some entity into a category, class or schema. [Allotrope]
classification purpose
A sampling role is a role of an object aggregate or a member of that aggregate that participates in a sampling process on the aggregate. [Allotrope]
sampling role
population
The population role is the sampling role of the object aggregate that is object of the sampling. [Allotrope]
The statistical population contextual role is the related contextual role of an information object describing the population.
population role
sample set
The sample set role is the role of the partition of the population object aggregate that was selected in the sampling process. [Allotrope]
sample set role
true
A spatial role is the contextual role of some information context object that is about spatial location, orientation, or relative positioning. [Allotrope]
left, right, above, below, inside, outside, parallel
spatial role
An approver is the role of an organizational entity that approves something. [Allotrope]
approver
A researcher is the role of an organizational entity that researches something. [Allotrope]
researcher
An investigator is a researcher that is doing an investigation. [Allotrope]
investigator
A reviewer is the role of an agent that reviews some information. [Allotrope]
reviewer
signatory
A signer is the role of the agent in a signing process. [Allotrope]
signer
A calibration role is role of a material entity that participates in a calibration process. [Allotrope]
calibration role
calibration material
reference material
reference material role
standard
standard material
standard material role
A calibration material role is the calibration role of the material that is used as reference or standard in a calibration. [Allotrope]
calibration material role
A role for a material used in the synthesis of a new drug substance that is incorporated as an element into the structure of an intermediate and/or of the new drug substance. [ICH-Q3A]
Starting materials are normally commercially available and of defined chemical and physical properties and structure. [ICH-Q3A]
starting material role
A reagent role of the material with the least mole quantity in a chemical process and as such limits the amount of product that can be formed. [Allotrope]
limiting reagent role
enantiomere
enantiomeric impurity
An enantiomeric impurity is the impurity role of a compound with the same molecular formula as the drug substance that differs in the spatial arrangement of atoms within the molecule and is a non-superimposable mirror image. [ICH-Q3A]
enantiomeric impurity role
contaminant
contaminant role
extraneous contaminant
An extraneous contaminant role is an impurity role arising from any source extraneous to the manufacturing process. [ICH-Q3A]
extraneous contaminant role
identified impurity
An impurity for which a structural characterization has been achieved. [ICH-Q3A]
identified impurity role
potential impurity
An impurity role for a material that theoretically can arise during manufacture or storage. It may or may not actually appear in the new drug substance. [ICH-Q3A]
potential impurity role
specified impurity
An impurity that is individually listed and limited with aspecific acceptance criterion in the new drug substance specification. A specified impurity can be either identified or unidentified. [ICH-Q3A]
specified impurity role
unidentified impurity
An impurity for which a structural characterization has not been achieved and that is defined solely by qualitative analytical properties (e.g., chromatographic retention time). [ICH-Q3A]
unidentified impurity role
unspecified impurity
An impurity role that is limited by a general acceptance criterion, but not individually listed with its own specific acceptance criterion, in the new drug substance specification. [ICH-Q3A]
unspecified impurity role
identified degradation product
A degradation product role for which a structural characterization has been achieved. [ICH-Q3A]
identified degradation product role
specified degradation product
A degradation product role that is individually listed and limited with a specific acceptance criterion in the new drug product specification. A specified degradation product can be either identified or unidentified. [ICH-Q3A]
specified degradation product role
true
internal standard
surrogate internal standard
Internal standard role is the analysis role of a chemical substance that is added in a constant amount to samples, the blank and calibration standards in a chemical analysis. [Wikipedia]
internal standard role
An approving role is a role that is realized in some approving process. [Allotrope]
approving role
A signing role is a role that is realized in some signing activity. [Allotrope]
signing role
The signed object is the bearer of the information content entity that is signed. [Allotrope]
The paper where the signature was written on.
signed object
A signing contextual role is a contextual role of information content entities that are participants in a signing process. [Allotrope]
signing contextual role
signature
A signature role is the role of an information object that is associated with some information and provides a proof of identity and intent of the signer. [Allotrope]
signature role
signed content
Signed content role is the signing contextual role of the information content entity that is being signed. [Allotrope]
A contract signed.
An approval signed.
The signed content role is the role of the information. The physical bearer of that information has the role of a signed object.
signed content role
A submitter role is the role of a material entity that plays the sender of the submitted entity in a submitting process. [Allotrope]
submitter
summary datum
An aggregated datum is the role of an information object that is about aggregated or summary information on the aggregate, such as statistics, count or sums of member data. [Allotrope]
aggregated datum
product
product (mathematics)
The product is the contextual role of numerical data that results from the multiplication of two or more numbers, amounts, or items. [Allotrope]
product (math)
aggregated feature role
The aggregated feature is the role of a description or classification of a property, characteristic or facet of the members of the aggregate that is common to each member and is used to make aggregated data about the aggregate. [Allotrope]
the diameter quality is the aggregated feature in the 'average living cell diameter' result datum of a cell counter result
If the members of the aggregates are proxies for other information objects, then the aggregated feature is a feature of the information objects the proxies point to.
aggregated feature
software agent
A software agent is the contextual role of software in the context of a process where a system executes that software and causally is an agent in the process. [Allotrope]
software agent role
A submission role is a role that is realized in a submitting process. [Allotrope]
submission role
A metadata role is a contextual role of an information content entity that is not a parameter or result of a process but describes the context of the process. [Allotrope]
metadata role
destination
destination site
Destination role is the transferring role of a site of the transferred object at the end of the transferring process. [Allotrope]
destination role
origin
origin site
Origin role is the transferring role of a site of the transferred object at the start of the transferring process. [Allotrope]
origin role
Transferred object is the role of a material that is being transferred from the sender to the receiver. [Allotrope]
transferred object
received object
Sent object is the role of a transferred object at the start of the transferring process. [Allotrope]
received object role
sent object
Sent object is the role of a transferred object at the start of the transferring process. [Allotrope]
sent object role
A predecessor role is an ordering role that applies if the information object or the entity it is about is before another one in a sequence. [Allotrope]
predecessor role
A successor role is an ordering role that applies if the information object or the entity it is about is after another one in a sequence. [Allotrope]
successor role
A triggered event is a contextual role of an event specification that when realized is the cause of a trigger. [Allotrope]
triggering event
A triggered event is a contextual role of an event specification that when realized is the consequence of a trigger. [Allotrope]
triggered event
A direction role is a contextual role of some information content entity indicating a direction in a relation. [Allotrope]
direction role
destination
destination role
target
target role
to
A to role is a direction role indicating that something is going into an target direction. [Allotrope]
This is an abstraction of direction, for spatio-temporal role use af-rl:destination datum. [Allotrope]
to role
from
origin
origin role
source
source role
A from role is a direction role indicating that something is coming from a source. [Allotrope]
This is an abstraction of direction, for spatio-temporal role use af-rl:origin datum. [Allotrope]
A specification of a material that is a material output of a process has the contextual role of from role in the material flow specification. [Allotrope]
from role
defining role
definition role
Defining purpose is the contextual role of some information that has the purpose to define an entity. [Allotrope]
defining purpose
An ordering role is a contextual role of an information content entity in the scope of some sequence. [Allotrope]
ordering role
A workflow role is a contextual role of a part of a procedure specfication. [Allotrope]
workflow role
true
An expected datum is a descriptive datum that describes a information that was predicted or assumed to be the outcome of some process . [Allotrope]
expected datum
calibrated result
A calibrated datum is the contextual role of a datum that is the output of some process that applies a calibration function to a measured datum. [Allotrope]
calibrated datum
parameter
parameter (mathematics)
A parameter is the contextual role of a datum that is not explicitly varied in a mathematical function or during data processing. [Allotrope]
parameter (math)
oxidant
oxidizer
oxidizer role
oxidizing agent
An oxidant role is a chemical reactant role whereby the substance removes electrons from another reactant in a redox reaction. [Allotrope]
oxidant role
fuel
A fuel role is a chemical reactant role whereby an energy-rich substance is transformed with release of usable energy. [Allotrope]
fuel role
make-up
A make-up role is a the additive role of a fluid to adjust total flow rate into a device in order to maximize its efficiency. [Allotrope]
make-up role
coating role
A coating process role is a role of a material that participates in a coating activity or the state of being coated. [Allotrope]
coating process role
stored object
A stored object is the storage role of an material entity that is being stored in a storage medium. [Allotrope]
stored object role
A part of a multicellular organism that is a material with granularity above the level of a protein complex. Or, a substance produced by a multicellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. [Allotrope, CARO]
material anatomical entity
The mixture of gases (roughly (by molar content/volume: 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide, trace amounts of other gases, and a variable amount (average around 1%) of water vapor) that surrounds the planet Earth. [ENVO]
air
true
goal specification
A directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved. [IAO]
In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction.
objective specification
A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label [IAO]
datum label
true
Software is a plan specification composed of a series of instructions that can be interpreted by or directly executed by a processing unit. [IAO]
software
equipment model number
instrument model number
A model number is an information content entity specifically borne by catalogs, design specifications, advertising materials, inventory systems and similar that is about manufactured objects of the same class. The model number is an alternative term for the class. [IAO]
model number
true
An information content entity that is a mark(s) or character(s) used as a conventional representation of another entity. [IAO]
a serial number such as "12324X"
a stop sign
a written proper name such as "OBI"
symbol
information object
information content entity
dot plot
A dot plot is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where each data point is represented by a single dot placed on coordinates corresponding to data point values in particular dimensions. [IAO]
Dot plot of SSC-H and FSC-H.
dot plot
two-dimensional graph
A diagram that presents one or more tuples of information by mapping those tuples in to a two dimensional space in a non arbitrary way. [IAO]
graph
true
A plan specification which describes the inputs and output of mathematical functions as well as workflow of execution for achieving an predefined objective. Algorithms are realized usually by means of implementation as computer programs for execution by automata. [IAO]
algorithm
true
A data format specification is the information content borne by the document published defining the specification. [IAO]
The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file [IAO]
data format specification
An image is an affine projection to a two dimensional surface, of measurements of some quality of an entity or entities repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, where the measurements are represented as color and luminosity on the projected on surface. [IAO]
image
A version number is an information content entity which is a sequence of characters borne by part of each of a class of manufactured products or its packaging and indicates its order within a set of other products having the same name. [IAO]
version number
A serial number is an information content entity which is a unique sequence of characters borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging that is assigned to each individual in some class of products, and so can serve as a way to identify an individual product within the class. Serial numbers can be encoded in a variety of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots. [IAO]
serial number
batch number
A lot number is an information content entity which is an identical sequence of character borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging for each instances of a product class in a discrete batch of an item. [IAO]
lot number
A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc.
textual entity
true
A textual entity that describes a figure [IAO]
Figure 1: A system diagram describing the modules of the Hanalyzer. Reading methods (green) take external sources of knowledge (blue) and extract information from them, either by parsing structured data or biomedical language processing to extract information from unstructured data. Reading modules are responsible for tracking the provenance of all knowledge. Reasoning methods (yellow) enrich the knowledge that results from reading by, for example, noting two genes that are annotated to the same ontology term or database entry. All knowledge sources, read or reasoned, are assigned a reliability score, and all are combined using that score into a knowledge network (orange) that represents the integration of all sorts of relationship between a pair of genes and a combined reliability score. A data network (also orange) is created from experimental results to be analyzed. The reporting modules (pink) integrate the data and knowledge networks, producing visualizations that can be queried with the associated drill-down tool.
caption
A textual entity that contains a two-dimensional arrangement of texts repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, such that the spatial relationships among the constituent texts expresses propositions [IAO]
table
An information content entity consisting of a two dimensional arrangement of information content entities such that the arrangement itself is about something. [IAO]
Any picture, diagram or table
figure
A figure that expresses one or more propositions. [IAO]
A molecular structure ribbon cartoon showing helices, turns and sheets and their relations to each other in space.
diagram
A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole [IAO]
A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book
document
A line graph is a type of graph created by connecting a series of data points together with a line. [IAO]
line graph
A symbol that is part of a CRID and that is sufficient to look up a record from the CRID's registry. [IAO]
centrally registered identifier symbol
true
An information content entity that consists of a CRID symbol and additional information about the CRID registry to which it belongs. [IAO]
The sentence "The article has Pubmed ID 12345." contains a CRID that has two parts: one part is the CRID symbol, which is '12345'; the other part denotes the CRID registry, which is Pubmed.
centrally registered identifier
A CRID registry is a dataset of CRID records, each consisting of a CRID symbol and additional information which was recorded in the dataset through a assigning a centrally registered identifier process. [IAO]
PubMed is a CRID registry. It has a dataset of PubMed identifiers associated with journal articles.
centrally registered identifier registry
A textual entity that denotes a particular in reality. [IAO]
written name
true
homo sapiens
human being
man
A member of the the species Homo sapiens. [Allotrope]
human
reagent
A role inhering in a biological or chemical entity that is intended to be applied in a scientific technique to participate (or have molecular components that participate) in a chemical reaction that facilitates the generation of data about some entity distinct from the bearer, or the generation of some specified material output distinct from the bearer. [OBI]
reagent role
true
A plan is a realizable entity that is the inheres in a bearer who is committed to realizing it as a planned process. [OBI]
plan
true
A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. [OBI]
OBI doesn't take position as to when an organism starts or ends being an organism - e.g. sperm, foetus. This issue is outside the scope of OBI [OBI]
subclasses should be imported from the NCBI taxonomy [Allotrope]
organism
velocity
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's scalar absolute value of the rate of change of the bearer's position. [PATO]
speed
A luminous flux quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's emitting longer wavelength light following the absorption of shorter wavelength radiation; fluorescence is common with aromatic compounds with several rings joined together. [PATO]
fluorescence
compositionality
content
structure
A single physical entity inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's quantities or relative ratios of subparts. [PATO]
calcium composition (which may inhere in bone)
haemoglobin composition (which may inhere in blood).
composition
true
Green Book, 2nd ed.: IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Second Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993.
A quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with another substance. [PATO]
concentration
true
A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. [PATO]
morphology
A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). [PATO]
shape
true
dimension
extend
A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. [PATO]
size
true
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. [PATO]
length
true
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter. [PATO]
mass
conformation
relational structural quality
2018-12-05 Generalized definition [Allotrope]
A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an material entity's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. [PATO]
structure
A physical quality of the thermal energy of a system. [PATO]
temperature
An organismal quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's disposition to survive and develop normally or the number of surviving individuals in a given population. [PATO]
viability
A viability quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's ability to survive or the long term survival ability of a given population. [PATO]
viable
A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width. [PATO]
thickness
true
A 3-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of 3-dimensional space it occupies.
volume
A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being permeated or pervaded by a gas or liquid (as by osmosis or diffusion). [PATO]
permeability
A permeability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to admit the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices. [PATO]
porosity
porous
A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices. [PATO]
fully porous
A porosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices. [PATO]
non-porous
density
A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of some influence is exerted by the bearer's mass per unit size.
mass density
A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of force per unit area it exerts.
pressure
force amplitude
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of change of momentum. [PATO]
force
A concentration that is relatively high. [Allotrope]
concentrated
A concentration which is relatively low. [PATO]
diluted
A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's power or force.
strength
A physical quality which is equal to the distance between repeating units of a wave pattern. [PATO]
2019-07-04 Quality can be either acoustic. electromagnetic or radiation. [Allotrope]
wavelength
true
EM radiation quality
A physical quality that inheres in an bearer by virtue of how that bearer interacts with electromagnetic radiation. [PATO]
electromagnetic radiation quality
true
An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. [PATO]
optical quality
true
A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary. [PATO]
diameter
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the rate of the bearer's angular movement about an axis; the angle rotated in a given time. [PATO]
angular velocity
A viability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's condition before death. [PATO]
alive
A viability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the cessation of the bearer's life. [PATO]
dead
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's motion characteristic. [PATO]
flow rate
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to transmit of an entity through a medium. [PATO]
Examples could be heat or electricity or sound.
conductivity
A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's downward or backward or inward dimenision. [PATO]
depth
true
1-D size
A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in one dimension. [PATO]
1-D extent
true
3D size
A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in three dimensions. [PATO]
3-D extent
A conductivity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to convey electricity. [PATO]
electrical conductivity
A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of some of it's members' ability to survive. [PATO]
semi-viable
true
A concentration quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing acid (hydrogen ions). [PATO]
pH
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's participation in movement. [PATO]
movement quality
A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. [PATO]
organismal quality
A concentration quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. [PATO]
osmolality
A molecular quality that arises from the molecular attraction exerted between two atoms or compounds. [PATO]
affinity
true
relational molecular quality
A quality which inheres in a molecular entity, a single molecule, atom, ion, radical etc. [PATO]
molecular quality
A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of change of the position. [PATO]
velocity
volume flow rate
volumetric flow rate
A physical quality inhering in a fluid (liquid or gas) by virtue of the amount of fluid which passes through a given surface per unit time. [PATO]
fluid flow rate
A flow rate quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the mass of substance which passes through a given surface per unit time. [PATO]
mass flow rate
A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes from the center of a circle to any endpoint on the circular boundary. The radius is half of the diameter. [PATO]
radius
Allotrope Foundation
positive
Positive polarity is the code that indicates a positive direction of polarity. [Allotrope]
positive polarity
negative
Negative polarity is the code that indicates a negative direction of polarity. [Allotrope]
negative polarity
These taxonomies contain material or may constitute derivative works of material which may be subject to copyright by one of the following organizations. By using these taxonomies, you agree to the following terms and conditions applicable to its contents:
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Copyright © 2015-2019 Allotrope Foundation
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